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A.G. Ramu,G. Muthuraman,I.-S. Moon 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.89 No.-
The dehalogenation of gaseous chlorobenzene (CB) to useful intermediates at ambient temperature isdesirable. In this study, gaseous CB was dehalogenated to useful intermediates using an electrochemicallygenerated homogeneous low-valent electron mediator in an electroscrubbing column at ambienttemperature. A homogenous electron mediator [Ni(I)(CN)4]3 (Ni(I) low-valent) was generated at thecathodic half-cell using a membrane-divided electrolytic cell and quantified by oxidation/reductionpotential (ORP) variations with a potentiometric titration. CB removal according to a mediatedelectrocatalytic reduction (MER) process, was confirmed by the change in electrogenerated Ni(I) from4.2 mM to 2.8 mM during the degradation of CB. A Fourier transform infrared gas analyzer and chlorinesensor showed that 100% of 15 ppm CB at a 0.2 L min 1 flow rate had been removed by the MER processwith CO2 as the gaseous product. At the same time, the phenoxide anion was found in the resultingsolutions, which is a starting material in many pharmaceutical industries. The developed method andpossible generation of a homogenous electron mediator on CB dehalogenation to useful intermediates atambient temperature is a practical technology.
( G. Muthuraman ),( A. G. Ramu ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
Growing semiconducting industries leaves similar amount of CF4 to the environment that are dangerous to the healthy environment and humans. Among few ways to remove CF4, electrochemical way of its removal become simple and futuristic technology. Metal complexes are more suitable to use as a mediator in the MER process due to stabilize the active low valent state of metal ion. The present investigation focuses on removal of gaseous CF4 using electrogenerated Cu(I)[Ni(II)(CN)4](2-) in KOH medium. At a first step, electrochemical reduction of Cu(II)[Ni(CN)4](2-) was optimized at different electrodes like TiO2, Ag, carbon. The reduction efficiencies changes calculated using titration with KMnO4. Cyclic voltammetry analysis at said electrodes correlated with the reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-). Finally, CF4 removal was carried out under optimized conditions using electro-scrubbing with online FTIR gas analyzer and removal efficiency found 99%.
( G Muthuraman ),( A G Ramu ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
Simple and stable homogenous mediators are the current need for mediated electrochemical reduction to minimize the complexities. In light of many mediators, free metal ions like Co(I), Cu(I), and Ni(I) can be a good choice in the reduction process. Among many ways to stabilize the low valent metal ions, electrolyte concentration variation itself acts as a stabilizer in many situations. Here, redox behavior of Co(OH)2 studies planned to investigate using cyclic voltammetry analysis. Through the redox behavior, one can say whether the low valency of metal ions stabilized. Further, low valent homogeneous electrocatalyst was generated using cathodic half electrochemical cell. By applying constant current, one can measure the reduction efficiencies of the respective species by monitoring ORP (oxidation reduction potential) change. A model pollutant allyl chloride was tested to ensure MER process. The reduction process monitored by HACH and FTIR anlsyses.
( A. G. Ramu ),( G. Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
Gas pollutants must be removed to have healthy envirenmtal air for humans. Among amny ways to remove them, metal ions mediated electrochemical reduction (MER) is a futuristic technology. Metal complexes are more suitable to use as a mediator in the MER process due to stabilize the active low valent state of metal ion. The present investigation focuses on reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-) especially at the Cu electrode in KOH medium. First, Pt electrode as anode in 5 M H2SO4 in anodic part kept constant. Electrolytic reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-) identified by ORP variation and potentiametric titration with KMnO4. Suitability of cathodes form Ag, Ti, carbon, and Cu in 10 M KOH solution were tested. Cyclic voltammetry analysis at said electrodes corelated with the reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-). A model gas pollutant CCl4 removal carried out by electro-scrubbing with online FTIR gas analyzer.
( A. G. Ramu ),( G. Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
N<sub>2</sub>O removal at room temperature is in underdevelopment process. This is the first report deals room temperature removal of N<sub>2</sub>O using mediated electrochemical reduction at electro-scrubbing process. First, [Ni(I)(CN)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> was generated by electrochemical way using paired elec-trolysis at cathodic half-cell in 10 M KOH solution. The concentration of electrogenerated Ni(I) was derived from potentiometric titration and different applied current density used to establish the suitable condi-tion. The electrogenerated Ni(I) pumped on the scrubber column to remove the N<sub>2</sub>O which was entered under the wet scrubbing column. The removal of N<sub>2</sub>O was monitored by online FTIR gas analyzer which was attached to the column exit. The feed concentration and gas flow rate effect were analyzed on N<sub>2</sub>O removal and discussed. On line GC results compared for the removal of N<sub>2</sub>O and product analysis.
( A. G. Ramu ),( G. Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
Because of direct reduction of NO possible on polycrystalline and Pt (111) phase, use of Pt cathode could be beneficial for enhanced reduc-tion of NO by mediated electrochemical reduction (MER) and direct electrochemical reduction (DER) processes instead of only MER. This work presents, a lab scale 50 and 400 cm2 working electrode area contained divided electrochemical cell was developed and used to generate [NiI(CN)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> in 10 M KOH using polycrystalline Pt cathode with capacity of 0.6 to 2 L scrubbing solution (catholyte). The electro-generated [NiI(CN)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> was concurrently scrubbed the feed gas NO at electroscrubbing. This NO reduction process was characterized and monitored by real time FTIR gas analyser.
( A. G. Ramu ),( G. Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
Gas pollutants must be removed to have healthy envirenmtal air for humans. Among amny ways to remove them, metal ions mediated electrochemical reduction (MER) is a futuristic technology. Metal complexes are more suitable to use as a mediator in the MER process due to stabilize the active low valent state of metal ion. The present investigation focuses on reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-) especially at the Cu electrode in KOH medium. At a first step, Pt electrode as anode in 5 M H2SO4 in anodic part kept constant. Electrolytic reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-) identified by ORP variation and potentiametric titration. Suitability of cathodes form Ag, Ti, carbon, and Cu in 10 M KOH solution were tested. The reduction efficiencies changes calculated using titration with KMnO4. Cyclic voltammetry analysis at said electrodes corelated with the reduction of Ni(II)(CN)4(2-). A model gas pollutant CCl4 removal carried out by electro-scrubbing with online FTIR gas analyzer.