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Xiguo Ren,Yiming Zhang,Haijun Tao,Zhihui Zeng,Jianzhi Ding 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.10
Subsea communication system is a key component of marine electromagnetic exploration system. In subsea communication system, only the power line channel model is fully studied, it could help to achieve high-speed and reliable power line carrier communication. In this paper, a channel model is established by using the theory of multi conductor transmission. The single Pi structure, double Pi structure and T structure cable model have been simulated through the Spice. The accuracy of single Pi structure model was verified by measurement and simulation. It provides a guiding role for the whole communication system.
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백종오(Baek, Jong-Oh) 한국고대사학회 2012 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.0 No.66
이 글에서는 고구려 와당의 훼기와 그 상징적 의미를 파악하기 위해 훼기와당의 출토사례와 훼기 방법 그리고 불교 교리를 통한 와당 훼기의 의미를 살펴보았다. 먼저, 훼기와당이 출토되는 유적은 고분?성곽?사찰 등으로, 이들 유적의 입지는 강이나 하천 등에 가까운 수변유적들에 해당되는 특징을 보인다. 이들 훼기와당의 문양은 복선연화문, 단판연화문, 조합연화문, 복합연화문 등 4종류에서 나타나며, 화판수를 보면 복선연화문은 6엽과 8엽, 단판연화문은 6엽과 9엽에서만 확인되고 있다. 복선연화문 단계 이후로는 용면문과 인동문으로 훼기습속이 확대되는 점도 주목된다. 그리고 훼기와당은 적석총에서 먼저 출현하여 이후 성곽이나 사찰 등으로 확산되고 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 와당의 주연부 훼기는 연화문와당 단계부터 확인되며 이것은 불교 교리인 輪廻思想 즉 四劫(成劫, 住劫, 壞劫, 空劫)과 관계된다고 생각한다. 특히, 주연을 훼손하는 행위는 태양과 광명, 윤회를 상징하기 때문에, 지붕에 사용하지 않고 재활용할 때는 주연의 훼손행위를 거쳐 물과 관련되는 유구에 埋納 또는 投棄하는 것으로 파악된다. 여기에는 중국 남북조시대에 크게 유행한 三劫思想을 설명한 俱舍論은 佛敎思想으로 와당의 문양에 일정한 영향을 주었을 것으로 보여진다. 결국 輪廻를 구성하는 三劫 또는 四劫이 도상학적으로 표현된 것이 瓦當의 文樣이며 이는 佛敎學的으로나 美術史學的으로 중요한 의미를 품고 있다. 이에 앞으로 와당에 대한 연구는 건축부재로써만이 아닌, 상징적 의미를 파악할 수 있는 다각적인 접근이 요구된다고 하겠다. In order to verify the damage to roof-end tiles (瓦當) of Goguryeo Kingdom(高句麗) and its symbolic meaning, this study investigated the cases of damaged roofend tiles(毁棄瓦當) that were excavated, the damaging method, and the meaning of damage to roof-end tiles in terms of the doctrines of Buddhism. First of all, the relics in which the damaged roof-end tiles were found are tombs, fortresses, and temples. The location of those relics is near to river or streams, which is noteworthy characteristic. The patterns of those damaged roof-end tiles consist of 4 kinds ? “double-line lotus pattern(輻線蓮花文)”, “single-petal lotus pattern(單瓣蓮花文)”, “mixed lotus pattern(組合蓮花文)” in which various patterns are mixed into a single lotus pattern, and “combined lotus pattern(複合蓮花文)” in which more than two patterns are combined. As for the numbers of petals, both of double-line lotuspattern and single petal lotus-pattern were found in the lotus pattern having 6 petals or 8 petals. It is also notable that the custom of intentional damage was applied expanding to dragon-face pattern(龍面文) and honeysuckle-pattern(忍冬文) since the phase of the double-line lotus-pattern. The damaged roof-end tiles were first found in stone-pile tomb, which were spread to fortresses and temples. The roof-end tiles of which edge part was damaged were found in the stage of roof-end tiles having lotus pattern. In that sense, it was considered to be related to the doctrine of Buddhism - the eternal recurrence(輪廻), that is, the Four KalpasI(四劫): formation and completion of the world (成劫), existing or abiding (住劫), destruction (懷劫) and annihilation (空劫). In particular, since the activity to damage the edge part intentionally symbolizes sun, light, and eternal recurrence, when the roof tiles were not used for a roof and reused, they were buried or dumped with the relics which were related to water, after damaging the edge part of the roof-end tile. It was suspected that the Kosa Theory (俱舍論) explaining Thoughts of Three Kalpas (三劫思想), which was greatly popular in the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China as a doctrine of Buddhism, would have some influence on the patterns of roof-end tiles. In conclusion, the patterns of roof-end tiles are iconic representation of the doctrines of Four Kalpas or Three Kapas consisting of eternal recurrence and they have significance in terms of the science of Buddhism and/or art history. Multilateral approach is required for further studies of roof-end tiles in the future for comprehending symbolic significance, not as auxiliary materials related to construction.
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