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Je, Mingyu,Jung, Hyeon Jin,Koutavarapu, Ravindranadh,Lee, Seung Jun,Lee, Seung Heon,Kim, Sung Kuk,Choi, Hyun Chul,Choi, Myong Yong Elsevier 2018 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.217 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Hypothesis</B></P> <P>Semiconductor nanocrystals with response in the near-infrared region include lead chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs), and these materials show a strong quantum confinement effect due to their large Bohr radius compared with the group II–VI QDs. In the present study, a facile synthesis of lead selenide (PbSe) QDs using a pulsed laser irradiation in liquid (PLIL) is presented.</P> <P><B>Experiments</B></P> <P>PbSe QDs were produced using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 10 Hz, 7 ns) irradiation of the Pb and Se mixed precursor solutions using the following three surfactants at various concentrations: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).</P> <P><B>Findings</B></P> <P>Interestingly, it was observed that the synthesis and particle size of PbSe QDs obtained via the PLIL technique were strongly influenced by the type and concentration of the surfactants and by the varying wavelength and power of the laser. A secondary irradiation of the prepared sample in PVP solution resulted in the formation of rock salt crystalline PbSe QDs that were approximately 6.83 nm in size.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PbSe QDs are prepared from Pb and Se salts by a PLIL technique. </LI> <LI> The formation of PbSe QDs are dependent on surfactants. </LI> <LI> Structural and morphology studies confirm the formation of PbSe QDs. </LI> <LI> CTAB is effective for the synthesis of PbSe QDs at various experimental conditions. </LI> <LI> PVP is effective for the formation of small PbSe QDs. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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올리브 오일의 에스터 교환반응 생성물의 TLC를 이용한 조성비 분석 및 화장품에의 응용가능성 평가
박소현 ( So Hyun Park ),신혁수 ( Hyuk Soo Shin ),김아랑 ( A Rang Kim ),정효진 ( Hyo Jin Jeong ),현송화 ( Song Hua Xuan ),홍인기 ( In Kee Hong ),이대봉 ( Dae Bong Lee ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 한국공업화학회 2018 공업화학 Vol.29 No.3
본 연구에서는 올리브 오일의 에스터 교환반응으로 생성된 복합소재(olive oil esters)의 화장품 응용을 위해 물리화학적 성질, 유화력, 보습력 및 세포독성을 평가하였다. 실험에는 반응시간이 짧은 olive oil esters S와 반응시간이 긴 oliveoil esters L을 사용하였다. 먼저 TLC 이미지 분석으로 조성비를 확인한 결과, olive oil esters S의 조성은 mono-, di-,tri-glyceride가 5.2, 24.1, 46.4%이었고, fatty acid ethyl ester는 21.9%이었다. Olive oil esters L은 mono-, di-, tri-glyceride가 4.1, 24.7, 40.6%이었고, fatty acid ethyl ester는 28.8%이었다. 올리브 오일 에스터를 화장품에 사용하기 위한 기준 및 시험방법 설정을 위해 요오드가, 산가, 검화가, 불검화물, 굴절률, 비중 및 순도시험을 수행하였고 표준화시켰다. 또한 올리브 오일 에스터의 유화력 평가로서, 계면활성제 없이 O/W 에멀전을 제조하여 유화 입자를 확인하였다. 올리브오일 에스터를 사람 피부에 도포 5일 후, 피부 수분 보유량은 초기보다 13.1% 개선되었다. 피부 세포에 대한 독성을 평가한 결과, 올리브 오일 에스터는 0.2-200 μg/mL에서 세포 생존율 90% 이상을 나타내 안전성이 확인되었다. 결과적으로 올리브 오일 에스터는 화장품 산업에서 천연/무독성 원료로서 응용가능성이 있음을 시사하였다. In this study, the physicochemical properties, emulsifying capacity, moisture content and cytotoxicity of the composite material produced by transesterification reactions of the olive oil (olive oil esters) were investigated for cosmetic applications. Olive oil esters with short (S) and long (L) reaction times were studied. From the TLC-image analysis, composition ratios of the olive oil esters S were found to be 5.2, 24.1, 46.4, and 21.9% for mono-, di-, tri-glyceride, and fatty acid ethyl ester, respectively. Those of the olive oil esters L were 4.1, 24.7, 40.6, and 28.8% for mono-, di-, tri-glyceride, and fatty acid ethyl ester, respectively. The iodine value, acid value, saponification value, unsaponified matter, refractive index, and specific gravity were determined and purity tests were also carried out and normalized to establish standards and testing methods for using olive oil esters in cosmetics. To evaluate their emulsifying capacities, the O/W emulsion was prepared without surfactants and the formation of the emulsified particles were confirmed. After 5 days of applying the olive oil esters to human skin, the skin moisture retention was improved by 13.1% from the initial state. For the evaluation of toxicity on human skin cells, the olive oil esters showed 90% or more of the cell viability at 0.2-200 μg/mL. These results suggested that olive oil esters can be applied as natural/non-toxic ingredients to cosmetics industries.
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