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A Holistic Method Determining Takeoff Field Length Requirement for Commercial Aircraft
Zhouwei Fan,Xiongqing Yu 한국항공우주학회 2022 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.23 No.3
The takeoff field length (TOFL) requirement is one of the top-level aircraft requirements. This requirement has a direct impact on airport compatibility, and also has a significant impact on aircraft direct operating cost (DOC) and airport environmental issues. A holistic method is proposed to determine the TOFL requirement of commercial aircraft, in which targeted operation airports, DOC and environmental issues are all considered rationally. The major steps of the method include normalizing runway lengths of the targeted operation airports, aircraft concept design and analysis, TOFL and DOC tradeoff through the multi-objective optimization. A case study for notional wide-body commercial aircraft is used to illustrate and verify the proposed method. The TOFL requirement is determined logically according to the procedure of the method. As a result, the most reasonable TOFL requirement for this case study should be less than 2400 m. Under this TOFL requirement, the aircraft can takeoff at 95% of the targeted operation airports with maximum takeoff weight as well as meet environmental requirements. Compared to the concept with TOFL of 2700 m, the airport compatibility is increased by 10.5% with 2.4% DOC penalty.
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Zhou Wei,Li Dong-qi,Su Yi-fan,Zhang Yi-fei 한국강구조학회 2024 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.24 No.3
The detection of the static strain aging extent of steel structures holds paramount signifi cance in the safety assessment system. Tensile tests were performed on Q345 steel specimens subjected to static strain aging treatment, while simultaneously employing complementary in-situ detection techniques: acoustic emission, infrared thermography, and digital image correlation for real-time monitoring. The physical eff ect mechanism is initially confi rmed through an analysis of the mechanical response of strain aging Q345 steel. The acoustic emission signals from the cluster 3 exhibiting high frequency and low amplitude are linked to the microplastic yield phenomenon. These signals, detected through acoustic emission technology, are considered representative of the dislocation activity in Q345 steel after strain aging. Illustrating via specimen S16-150, it is evident that as strain aging advances, there is a notable decrease of 63.02% in information entropy, 22.4% in partial power, and 55.04% in the wavelet coeffi cient of typical acoustic emission signals. Subsequently, digital image correlation was utilized to examine the local strain variation associated with microplastic deformation, and it was observed that Lüders bands did not form in specimens S12-150 and S16-150 due to strain aging. Finally, infrared technology was employed to monitor the instantaneous temperature of strain aging Q345 steel, facilitating the examination of its thermal energy conversion effi ciency. Specimen S16-200 exhibited a fracture instantaneous temperature that was 21% higher compared to specimen S0-25. These fi ndings establish a solid foundation for the integrity assessment of steel structures.
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