The SnRK2 family in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.): genome-wide identifcation and expression analyses during fruit development and under abiotic stress

Zhiming Wu,Jiaowen Cheng,Fang Hu,Cheng Qin,Xiaowan Xu,Kailin Hu 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.10

Plant-specifc SnRK2 (sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2) genes play crucial roles in the coordination of plant growth and development and responses to stress. However, comprehensive studies have not been performed for this gene family in pepper (Capsicum annuum), a very important Solanaceous vegetable worldwide. To fully understand the status of SnRK2s in chili pepper, a total of 9 putative SnRK2 genes (named CaSnRK2.1-2.9) were identifed in pepper in the present study. These genes were located on 7 diferent chromosomes and classifed into three subfamilies based on the phylogenetic tree. Their conserved motif compositions and exon-intron structures were systematically analyzed, and the results strongly supported the classifcation. Furthermore, a total of 81 putative cis-elements were found in the promoter regions, and the cis-elements related to hormone and stress signaling were abundant. Finally, the CaSnRK2 gene expression profles among diferent tissues, especially developing fruit tissue, and under various abiotic stresses were investigated to identify tissuespecifc or stress-responsive candidates. This study was the frst to comprehensively investigate the SnRK2 family in pepper, and the results provide important clues for further functional analyses of fruit development and abiotic stress responses.

Mitochondrial-Targeted Polyethylenimine Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocarrier and Its Anti-Tumor Effect on Human Lung Carcinoma Cells

Mei Jin,Zhiming Liu,Wen Zhang,Haixin Dong,Fang Zhou,Jianfeng Yu,Xinpeng Wang,Zhouyi Guo 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.8

Graphene oxide nanosheet (NGO) was covalently functionalized with positively charged, branched polyethylenimine (bPEI) via an amide bond, coated with serum proteins by electrostatic interaction. Operating as a newly fashioned, multifunctional nanocarrier, the processed NGO showed promise for use in combined gene therapy, chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, bioimaging and as a biosensor of cancer cells. Our current research is focused on the systematic studies of mechanisms of cancer cellular uptake, subcellular location, cytotoxicity and the cellular exclusion of the NGO–bPEI nanocarriers. It was observed that NGO–bPEI accumulated in the mitochondria and that long-term retention of NGO–bPEI led to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential while levels of reactive oxygen species increased. The mitochondrial effects associated with long-term retention of NGO–bPEI have potential as a synergistic enhancer of the cytotoxic effects of anti-cancer drugs or genes in human lung carcinoma (A549) cells. This work demonstrated the utility of NGO–bPEI-based multifunctional nanocarriers while detailing the mechanism at the cellular level and providing guidance for further research in cancer therapy.

Effects of the Frequency-degree Correlation on Local Synchronization in Complex Networks

Shijin Jiang,Wenyi Fang,Shaoting Tang,Sen Pei,Shu Yan,Zhiming Zheng 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.2

We investigate the effects of the frequency-degree correlation on local synchronization in complex networks with Kuramoto oscillators. We find that a discontinuous synchronization transition occurs in the local patterns for heterogenous networks while for homogenous networks, the local synchronization transition remains continuous. Then, we extend our study to a general frequency-degree correlation case and conclude that the positive correlation does not change the local synchronization patterns while in the case of a negative correlation, the local synchronization transition degenerates to second order. Moreover, the correlation parameter α is verified to have a strong influence on the synchronization level. In particular, smaller |α| results in higher synchronization ability and faster speed to a synchronized state. Our study provides a deeper understanding of the effects of the frequency-degree correlation on network synchronization.

Low-voltage blue light emission from n-ZnO/p-GaN heterojunction formed by RF magnetron sputtering method

Yanwei Shen,Xiang Chen,Xiaoqin Yan,Fang Yi,Zhiming Bai,Xin Zheng,Pei Lin,Yue Zhang 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.3

High quality n-ZnO/p-GaN heterojunction was fabricated by growing highly crystalline ZnO epitaxial films on commercial p-type GaN substrates via radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Low-voltage blue light emitting diode with a turn-on voltage of w2.5 V from the n-ZnO/p-GaN heterojunction was demonstrated. The diode gives a bright blue light emission located at w460 nm and a low threshold voltage of 2.7 V for emission. Based on the results of the photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) spectra, the origins of the EL emissions were studied in the light of energy band diagrams of ZnOeGaN heterojunction, and may attribute to the radiative recombination of the holes in p-GaN and the electrons injected from n-ZnO, which almost happened on the side of p-GaN layer. These results may have important implications for developing short wavelength optoelectronic devices.

Grid-Connected Dual Stator-Winding Induction Generator Wind Power System for Wide Wind Speed Ranges

Shi, Kai,Xu, Peifeng,Wan, Zengqiang,Bu, Feifei,Fang, Zhiming,Liu, Rongke,Zhao, Dean The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.4

This paper presents a grid-connected dual stator-winding induction generator (DWIG) wind power system suitable for wide wind speed ranges. The parallel connection via a unidirectional diode between dc buses of both stator-winding sides is employed in this DWIG system, which can output a high dc voltage over wide wind speed ranges. Grid-connected inverters (GCIs) do not require booster converters; hence, the efficiency of wind energy utilization increases, and the hardware topology and control strategy of GCIs are simplified. In view of the particularities of the parallel topology and the adopted generator control strategy, we propose a novel excitation-capacitor optimization solution to reduce the volume and weight of the static excitation controller. When this excitation-capacitor optimization is carried out, the maximum power tracking problem is also considered. All the problems are resolved with the combined control of the DWIG and GCI. Experimental results on the platform of a 37 kW/600 V prototype show that the proposed DWIG wind power system can output a constant dc voltage over wide rotor speed ranges for grid-connected operations and that the proposed excitation optimization scheme is effective.

Grid-Connected Dual Stator-Winding Induction Generator Wind Power System for Wide Wind Speed Ranges

Kai Shi,Peifeng Xu,Zengqiang Wan,Feifei Bu,Zhiming Fang,Rongke Liu,Dean Zhao 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.4

This paper presents a grid-connected dual stator-winding induction generator (DWIG) wind power system suitable for wide wind speed ranges. The parallel connection via a unidirectional diode between dc buses of both stator-winding sides is employed in this DWIG system, which can output a high dc voltage over wide wind speed ranges. Grid-connected inverters (GCIs) do not require booster converters; hence, the efficiency of wind energy utilization increases, and the hardware topology and control strategy of GCIs are simplified. In view of the particularities of the parallel topology and the adopted generator control strategy, we propose a novel excitation–capacitor optimization solution to reduce the volume and weight of the static excitation controller. When this excitation–capacitor optimization is carried out, the maximum power tracking problem is also considered. All the problems are resolved with the combined control of the DWIG and GCI. Experimental results on the platform of a 37 kW/600 V prototype show that the proposed DWIG wind power system can output a constant dc voltage over wide rotor speed ranges for grid-connected operations and that the proposed excitation optimization scheme is effective.