KAT8/MOF-Mediated Anti-Cancer Mechanism of Gemcitabine in Human Bladder Cancer Cells

( Huihui Zhu ),( Yong Wang ),( Tao Wei ),( Xiaoming Zhao ),( Fuqiang Li ),( Yana Li ),( Fei Wang ),( Yong Cai ),( Jingji Jin ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.2

Histone acetylation is a well-characterized epigenetic modification controlled by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Imbalanced histone acetylation has been observed in many primary cancers. Therefore, efforts have been made to find drugs or small molecules such as HDAC inhibitors that can revert acetylation levels to normal in cancer cells. We observed dose-dependent reduction in the endogenous and exogenous protein expression levels of KAT8 (also known as human MOF), a member of the MYST family of HATs, and its corresponding histone acetylation at H4K5, H4K8, and H4K16 in chemotherapy drug gemcitabine (GEM)-exposed T24 bladder cancer (BLCA) cells. Interestingly, the reduction in MOF and histone H4 acetylation was inversely proportional to GEM-induced γH2AX, an indicator of chemotherapy drug effectiveness. Furthermore, pGL4-MOF-Luc reporter activities were significantly inhibited by GEM, thereby suggesting that GEM utilizes an MOF-mediated anti-BLCA mechanism of action. In the CCK-8, wound healing assays and Transwell® experiments, the additive effects on cell proliferation and migration were observed in the presence of exogenous MOF and GEM. In addition, the promoted cell sensitivity to GEM by exogenous MOF in BLCA cells was confirmed using an Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Taken together, our results provide the theoretical basis for elucidating the anti-BLCA mechanism of GEM.

Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of Long Non-coding RNAs in Sesame Response to Salt Stress

Gong Huihui,You Jun,Zhang Xiurong,Liu Yanzhong,Zhao Fengtao,Cui Xinxiao,Zhang Yujuan 한국식물학회 2021 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.64 No.6

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in various biological regulatory processes in which complicated mechanisms are involved, as well as stress-responsive regulation. However, the number, characteristics, sequences and possible effects of lncRNAs in sesame response to salt stress are poorly understood. In this study, a total of 2482 lncRNAs were identified from two contrasting sesame genotypes under salt stress using high-throughput RNA sequencing, of which 599 were intergenic lncRNAs, 293 were antisense lncRNAs and 786 lncRNAs may encode proteins. Expression pattern analysis showed that most lncRNAs were expressed at a low level and a total of 700 differentially expressed lncRNAs were characterized as salt responsive in sesame. A large number of potential target genes of lncRNAs were predicted, and functional annotation analysis indicated that the differentially expressed lncRNAs in salt stress may regulate protein-coding genes involved in several important pathways related to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, monoterpenoid biosynthesis, biotin metabolism, galactose metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism and carotenoid biosynthesis. Integrated analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs revealed the regulatory role of lncRNAs associated with salt resistance in sesame, and provided convincing proof of the interplay of specific candidate target genes with lncRNAs. Our results indicated that a comprehensive set of lncRNAs with potential target genes were responsive to salt stress in sesame seedlings. These findings provided important information on salinity responses and adaptation of sesame to salt stress and may constitute useful resources for more comprehensive studies on gene regulation in sesame.

Fabrication of Protective Textile with N-doped TiO2 Embedded Citral Microcapsule Coating and Its Air Purification Properties

Shuo Wang,Huihui Ding,Yishi Zhao,Yonggui Li,Wei Wang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.2

The protective textile was successfully prepared using N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) embedded citral microcapsule coating. N-TiO2 loaded citral microcapsules were synthesized through interfacial polymerization. Results showed the average diameter of N-TiO2 loaded citral microcapsule with core/shell (Mcitral : MHDI) 2:1 was 1.069 μm. Its encapsulation efficiency was 75.63 %. The citral content from finished cotton fabric measured by gas chromatography was up to 2.90 mg/g (weight of essence: weight of fabric). The essence release content of citral was nearly 50 % of their aroma after 12 weeks, exhibiting good physical function for air purification. Additionally, aromatic textile coated with N-TiO2 embedded citral microcapsules also exhibited photocatalytic activity for the degradation of formaldehyde under visible light irradiation. This functionalfabric would have potential applications in the air purification filed due to the chemical and physical dual effect.

Stage-GAN with Semantic Maps for Large-scale Image Super-resolution

( Zhensong Wei ),( Huihui Bai ),( Yao Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.8

Recently, the models of deep super-resolution networks can successfully learn the non-linear mapping from the low-resolution inputs to high-resolution outputs. However, for large scaling factors, this approach has difficulties in learning the relation of low-resolution to high-resolution images, which lead to the poor restoration. In this paper, we propose Stage Generative Adversarial Networks (Stage-GAN) with semantic maps for image super-resolution (SR) in large scaling factors. We decompose the task of image super-resolution into a novel semantic map based reconstruction and refinement process. In the initial stage, the semantic maps based on the given low-resolution images can be generated by Stage-0 GAN. In the next stage, the generated semantic maps from Stage-0 and corresponding low-resolution images can be used to yield high-resolution images by Stage-1 GAN. In order to remove the reconstruction artifacts and blurs for high-resolution images, Stage-2 GAN based post-processing module is proposed in the last stage, which can reconstruct high-resolution images with photo-realistic details. Extensive experiments and comparisons with other SR methods demonstrate that our proposed method can restore photo-realistic images with visual improvements. For scale factor ×8, our method performs favorably against other methods in terms of gradients similarity.

Optimized Multiple Description Lattice Vector Quantization Coding for 3D Depth Image

( Huiwen Zhang ),( Huihui Bai ),( Yao Zhao ),( Meiqin Liu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.3

Multiple Description (MD) coding is a promising alternative for the robust transmission of information over error-prone channels. Lattice vector quantization (LVQ) is a significant version of MD techniques to design an MD image coder. However, different from the traditional 2D texture image, the 3D depth image has its own special characteristics, which should be taken into account for efficient compression. In this paper, an optimized MDLVQ scheme is proposed in view of the characteristics of 3D depth image. First, due to the sparsity of depth image, the image blocks can be classified into edge blocks and smooth blocks, which are encoded by different modes. Furthermore, according to the boundary contents in edge blocks, the step size of LVQ can be regulated adaptively for each block. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which show better rate distortion performance compared with the conventional MDLVQ.

Effects of Fiber Dimension and Its Distribution on the Properties of Lyocell and Ramie Fibers Reinforced Polylactide Composites

Minmin Yu,Huihui Zhang,Zhongming Liu,Zhao Ge,Fangong Kong,Huili Shao,Xuechao Hu 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.8

The regenerated cellulose fiber (Lyocell) and natural cellulose fiber (ramie) with different initial lengths were usedto reinforce polylactide (PLA) by melt compounding and injection molding. The fiber dimension and its distribution incomposites after injection molding were analyzed by high-resolution Fiber Quality Analyzer (FQA). Moreover, the contentsof small fibers with length < 0.2 mm were also provided by FQA. Then the influences of fiber dimension and its distributionon the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that fiber length was reduced duringcompounding and injection molding processes, and the longer the initial fiber length, the more severe the length declined. Compared with ramie fiber, Lyocell fiber showed a longer fiber length, smaller diameter and narrower width distribution incomposite after injection molding. Additionally, the content of small fiber played an important role in the analysis of therelation between the fiber dimension and mechanical properties of composites owing to its smaller aspect ratio. The differentmechanical characteristics of the PLA composites were attributed predominantly to the fiber aspect ratio and the small fibercontent. By comparison, Lyocell fiber exhibited better reinforcement for PLA due to the higher aspect ratio and lower smallfiber content. The tensile strength, tensile modulus and impact strength of Lyocell/PLA composite were increased by 8.61 %,75.43 % and 26.9 %, respectively.

Resolution-independent Up-sampling for Depth Map Using Fractal Transforms

( Meiqin Liu ),( Yao Zhao ),( Chunyu Lin ),( Huihui Bai ),( Chao Yao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.6

Due to the limitation of the bandwidth resource and capture resolution of depth cameras, low resolution depth maps should be up-sampled to high resolution so that they can correspond to their texture images. In this paper, a novel depth map up-sampling algorithm is proposed by exploiting the fractal internal self-referential feature. Fractal parameters which are extracted from a depth map, describe the internal self-referential feature of the depth map, do not introduce inherent scale and just retain the relational information of the depth map, i.e., fractal transforms provide a resolution-independent description for depth maps and could up-sample depth maps to an arbitrary high resolution. Then, an enhancement method is also proposed to further improve the performance of the up-sampled depth map. The experimental results demonstrate that better quality of synthesized views is achieved both on objective and subjective performance. Most important of all, arbitrary resolution depth maps can be obtained with the aid of the proposed scheme.

Fast Algorithm for Intra Prediction of HEVC Using Adaptive Decision Trees

( Xing Zheng ),( Yao Zhao ),( Huihui Bai ),( Chunyu Lin ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.7

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard, as the latest coding standard, introduces satisfying compression structures with respect to its predecessor Advanced Video Coding (H.264/AVC). The new coding standard can offer improved encoding performance compared with H.264/AVC. However, it also leads to enormous computational complexity that makes it considerably difficult to be implemented in real time application. In this paper, based on machine learning, a fast partitioning method is proposed, which can search for the best splitting structures for Intra-Prediction. In view of the video texture characteristics, we choose the entropy of Gray-Scale Difference Statistics (GDS) and the minimum of Sum of Absolute Transformed Difference (SATD) as two important features, which can make a balance between the computation complexity and classification performance. According to the selected features, adaptive decision trees can be built for the Coding Units (CU) with different size by offline training. Furthermore, by this way, the partition of CUs can be resolved as a binary classification problem. Experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm can save over 34% encoding time on average, with a negligible Bjontegaard Delta (BD)-rate increase.

Fast Intraframe Coding for High Efficiency Video Coding

( Han Huang ),( Yao Zhao ),( Chunyu Lin ),( Huihui Bai ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.3

The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is a new video coding standard that can provide much better compression efficiency than its predecessor H.264/AVC. However, it is computationally more intensive due to the use of flexible quadtree coding unit structure and more choices of prediction modes. In this paper, a fast intraframe coding scheme is proposed for HEVC. Firstly, a fast bottom-up pruning algorithm is designed to skip the mode decision process or reduce the candidate modes at larger block size coding unit. Then, a low complexity rough mode decision process is adopted to choose a small candidate set, followed by early DC and Planar mode decision and mode filtering to further reduce the number of candidate modes. The proposed method is evaluated by the HEVC reference software HM8.2. Averaging over 5 classes of HEVC test sequences, 41.39% encoding time saving is achieved with only 0.77% bitrate increase.

Auto-Covariance Analysis for Depth Map Coding

( Lei Liu ),( Yao Zhao ),( Chunyu Lin ),( Huihui Bai ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.9

Efficient depth map coding is very crucial to the multi-view plus depth (MVD) format of 3-D video representation, as the quality of the synthesized virtual views highly depends on the accuracy of the depth map. Depth map contains smooth area within an object but distinct boundary, and these boundary areas affect the visual quality of synthesized views significantly. In this paper, we characterize the depth map by an auto-covariance analysis to show the locally anisotropic features of depth map. According to the characterization analysis, we propose an efficient depth map coding scheme, in which the directional discrete cosine transforms (DDCT) is adopted to substitute the conventional 2-D DCT to preserve the boundary information and thereby increase the quality of synthesized view. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves better performance than that of conventional DCT with respect to the bitrate savings and rendering quality.