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Zhang, Long,Sovacool, Benjamin K.,Ren, Jingzheng,Ely, Adrian Elsevier 2017 Energy Policy Vol.108 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Based on a mix of original archival research and an extensive literature review, this article assesses the history of the People’s Republic of China’s national energy policies since 1949. We divide this history into six phases: Emergence (1949–1957), Socialist construction (1958–1965), Turbulence (1966–1978), Reform (1979–2000), Contestation (2001–2014), and Transition (2015-present). Over the whole history of more than sixty years, China’s energy production and consumption grew at a surprising speed, while energy intensity exhibited early fluctuations and a subsequent gradual decrease after the turbulence phase. In tracing this history, the article offers new historical and policy insights into the world’s largest developing country and a theoretical contribution to the role of the state in shaping economy and society through energy policy. The article lastly offers an in-depth exploration of how command-and-control style administrative intervention and low levels of market liquidity have had a prophylactic effect on innovation and competition.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chinese energy strategy has undergone six historical phases from 1949 to 2017. </LI> <LI> These are emergence, socialist construction, turbulence, reform, contestation, and transition. </LI> <LI> Command-and-control style administrative intervention have been a prominent feature. </LI> <LI> More recent governance trends suggest fragmentation and political conflict. </LI> <LI> Low levels of market liquidity and a lack of innovation and competition are also noteworthy. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Yu Liyang,Wang Dongsheng,Huang Ruimin,Cao Fei,Guo Chunlei,Zhang Jingzheng 한국식물생명공학회 2024 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.18 No.1
The B-box (BBX) proteins are a class of zinc finger transcription factors and play critical roles in plant development and growth. However, they have not been systematically characterized in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima), an important nut with rich nutrition and high economic value. Here, 18 BBX genes were identified in Chinese chestnut genome and divided into five groups through phylogenetic analysis, with members in the same group containing the same conserved domain organization. The collinearity analysis showed that dispersed duplication played a major role in the expansion of CmBBX gene family inferred to have evolved through purifying selection. Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR experiments suggested that CmBBX genes showed different expression patterns in different Chinese chestnut tissues, and revealed some CmBBXs may have potential functions in the development of Chinese chestnut buds, nuts, fertile/abortive ovules. Combined with the analysis of conserved domain, motif, cis-elements, expression level and protein three-dimensional structure, the lack of cis- acting elements related to meristem expression and gibberellin-responsiveness may lead to the no-expression of CmBBX9 in Chinese chestnut. The systematic analysis of Chinese chestnut BBX genes provides a basis for further understanding the characteristics and potential functions of BBX gene family.
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