EEIRI: Efficient Encrypted Image Retrieval in IoT-Cloud

( Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar ),( Ayad Ibrahim ),( Mohammed Abdulridha Hussain ),( Zaid Alaa Hussien ),( Mustafa A. Al Sibahee ),( Songfeng Lu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.11

One of the best means to safeguard the confidentiality, security, and privacy of an image within the IoT-Cloud is through encryption. However, looking through encrypted data is a difficult process. Several techniques for searching encrypted data have been devised, but certain security solutions may not be used in IoT-Cloud because such solutions are not lightweight. We propose a lightweight scheme that can perform a content-based search of encrypted images, namely EEIRI. In this scheme, the images are represented using local features. We develop and validate a secure scheme for measuring the Euclidean distance between two descriptor sets. To improve the search efficiency, we employ the k-means clustering technique to construct a searchable tree-based index. Our index construction process ensures the privacy of the stored data and search requests. When compared with more familiar techniques of searching images over plaintexts, EEIRI is considered to be more efficient, demonstrating a higher search cost of 7% and a decrease in search accuracy of 1.7%. Numerous empirical investigations are carried out in relation to real image collections so as to evidence our work.

Numerical modelling of internal blast loading on a rock tunnel

Zaid, Mohammad,Sadique, Md. Rehan Techno-Press 2020 Advances in computational design Vol.5 No.4

Tunnels have been an integral part of human civilization. Due to complexity in its design and structure, the stability of underground structures under extreme loading conditions has utmost importance. Increased terrorism and geo-political conflicts have forced the engineers and researchers to study the response of underground structures, especially tunnels under blast loading. The present study has been carried out to seek the response of tunnel structures under blast load using the finite element technique. The tunnel has been considered in quartzite rock of northern India. The Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model has been adopted for the elastoplastic behaviour of rock. The rock model surrounding the tunnel has dimensions of 30 m x 30 m x 35 m. Both unlined and lined (concrete) tunnel has been studied. Concrete Damage Plasticity model has been considered for the concrete lining. Four different parameters (i.e., tunnel diameter, liners thickness, overburden depth and mass of explosive) have been varied to observe the behaviour under different condition. To carry out blast analysis, Coupled-Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) modelling has been adopted for modelling of TNT (Trinitrotoluene) and enclosed air. JWL (Jones-Wilkins-Lee) model has been considered for TNT explosive modelling. The paper concludes that deformations in lined tunnels follow a logarithmic pattern while in unlined tunnels an exponential pattern has been observed. The stability of the tunnel has increased with an increase in overburden depth in both lined and unlined tunnels. Furthermore, the tunnel lining thickness also has a significant effect on the stability of the tunnel, but in smaller diameter tunnel, the increase in tunnel lining thickness has not much significance. The deformations in the rock tunnel have been decreased with an increase in the diameter of the tunnel.

Stability of structural steel tubular props: An experimental, analytical, and theoretical investigation

Zaid A. Al-Sadoon,Samer Barakat,Farid Abed-Meraim,Aroob Al Ateyat 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.49 No.2

Recently, the design of scaffolding systems has garnered considerable attention due to the increasing number of scaffold collapses. These incidents arise from the underestimation of imposed loads and the site-specific conditions that restrict the application of lateral restraints in scaffold assemblies. The present study is committed to augmenting the buckling resistance of vertical support members, obviating the need for supplementary lateral restraints. To achieve this objective, experimental and computational analyses were performed to assess the axial load buckling capacity of steel props, composed of two hollow steel pipes that slide into each other for a certain length. Three full-scale steel props with various geometric properties were tested to construct and validate the analytical models. The total unsupported length of the steel props is 6 m, while three pins were installed to tighten the outer and inner pipes in the distance they overlapped. Finite Element (FE) modeling is carried out for the three steel props, and the developed models were verified using the experimental results. Also, theoretical analysis is utilized to verify the FE analysis. Using the FE-verified models, a parametric study is conducted to evaluate the effect of different inserted pipe lengths on the steel props' axial load capacity and lateral displacement. Based on the results, the typical failure mode for the studied steel props is global elastic buckling. Also, the prop's elastic buckling strength is sensitive to the inserted length of the smaller pipe. A threshold of minimum inserted length is one-third of the total length, after which the buckling strength increases. The present study offers a prop with enhanced buckling resistance and introduces an equation for calculating an equivalent effective length factor (k), which can be seamlessly incorporated into Euler's buckling equation, thereby facilitating the determination of the buckling capacity of the enhanced props and providing a pragmatic engineering solution.

Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Zaid, Khaled Waleed,Chantiri, Mansour,Bassit, Ghassan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), belonging to the transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ superfamily, regulate many cellular activities including cell migration, differentiation, adhesion, proliferation and apoptosis. Use of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in oral and maxillofacial surgery has seen a tremendous increase. Due to its role in many cellular pathways, the influence of this protein on carcinogenesis in different organs has been intensively studied over the past decade. BMPs also have been detected to have a role in the development and progression of many tumors, particularly disease-specific bone metastasis. In oral squamous cell carcinoma - the tumor type accounting for more than 90% of head and neck malignancies- aberrations of both BMP expression and associated signaling pathways have a certain relation with the development and progression of the disease by regulating a range of biological functions in the altered cells. In the current review, we discuss the influence of BMPs -especially rhBMP-2- in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Image Watermarking Scheme Using LSB and Image Gradient

Zaid Bin Faheem,Sana Hameed,Misbah Naveed,Naveed Imran,Zubair Shoukat,Mubashir Ali 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2021 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11

Watermarking techniques are mandatory to secure digital communication. For optimal technique, a high signal to noise ratio and normalized correctional is required. In this paper, a method that belongs to digital watermarking is proposed based on chaotic map through image gradient and least significant bit. The image is segmented into un-correlated blocks and calculate the gradient of each block. The gradient of the image expresses the rapid changes in an image. When watermark used chaotic substitution box (S-Box), it scrambled based on piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM). PWLCM has positive Lyapunov exponent and better balance property as compare to other chaotic map. This suggested s-box technique is capable to produce dispersive sequence with high nonlinearity in the generated sequence. By modifying the least significant bits of the original image the watermark signal is embedded based on the image gradient. Image block gradient ,direction and magnitude decide how much embeding can be done. The embedding payload compromises between robustness and imperceptibility. By the reverse operation, a watermarked image is obtained. In comparison with other methods, experimental results show satisfactory progress in robustness against several image processing and geometrical attacks while maintaining the imperceptibility of the watermark signal.

Development and Stability Evaluation of Enteric Coated Diclofenac Sodium Tablets Using AquaPolish E.

( Zaid A. N. ),( Fadda A. M. ),( Nator S. ),( Qaddumi A. ) 한국약제학회 2011 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.41 No.4

The aim of this study was to develop a stable enteric coated diclofenac sodium (DFS) tablets using Aqua- Polish E without using a subcoat. DFS uncoated tablets were manufactured through the non direct compression process. AquaPolish E white aqueous coating dispersion was used as enteric coating material. This film forming polymer is a mixture of selected polymethacrylic/ethylacrylate copolymers. The stability of the obtained enteric coated tablets was evaluated according to ICH guidelines. No signs of disintegration or cracking was observed when they placed in 0.1N HCl solution (pH1.2), but they were completely disintegrated within 10 minutes when they placed in buffered solution at pH6.8. Dissolution test was also conducted by placing tablets in 0.1 N HCl for 2 hours and then 1 hour in phosphate buffer at pH 6.8. Less than 0.9 % of drug was released in the acidic phase and up to 97% in the basic medium. These findings suggest that aqueous enteric coating with AquaPolish E system is an easy and economical approach for preparing stable DFS enteric coat without the use of a subcoating layer.

An algorithm for the numerical solution of differential equationsof fractional order

Zaid M. Odibat,Shaher Momani 한국전산응용수학회 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.1

We present and discuss an algorithm for the numerical solution of initial value problems of the form D y(t) = f(t, y(t)), y(0) = y0, where D y is the derivative of y of order in the sense of Caputo and 0 < 1. The algorithm is based on the fractional Euler’s method which can be seen as a generalization of the classical Euler’s method. Numerical examples are given and the results show that the present algorithm is very effective and convenient. We present and discuss an algorithm for the numerical solution of initial value problems of the form D y(t) = f(t, y(t)), y(0) = y0, where D y is the derivative of y of order in the sense of Caputo and 0 < 1. The algorithm is based on the fractional Euler’s method which can be seen as a generalization of the classical Euler’s method. Numerical examples are given and the results show that the present algorithm is very effective and convenient.

Lack of Effects of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on Angiogenesis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Induced in the Syrian hamster Cheek Pouch

Zaid, Khaled Waleed,Nhar, Bander Mossa,Alanazi, Salman Mohammed Ghadeer,Murad, Rashad,Domani, Ahmad,Alhaf, Awadh Jamman Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2 ), a member of the TGF-${\beta}$ family, has been used widely in recent years to regenerate defects of the maxillary and mandible bones. Such defects are sometimes caused by resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) yet the biologic effects of rhBMP-2 on these carcinomas are not fully clear. The objective of this study was to determine histologically whether rhBMP-2 produces adverse effects on angiogenesis during induction of OSCC, a biologic process critical for tumor formation in an experimental model in the buccal pouch of golden Syrian hamsters. Buccal cavities were exposed to painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks, then biopsies were taken. Division was into 2 groups: a study group of 10 hamsters receiving $0.25{\mu}g/ml$ of rhBMP-2 in the $3^{rd}$ and $6^{th}$ weeks; and a control group of 10 hamsters which did not receive any additional treatment. VEGF expression and microvessel density were measured but no differences were noted between the two groups. According to this study, rh-BMP-2 does not stimulate angiogenesis during induction of OCSSs.

Differential spectral responsivity measurement of photovoltaic detectors with a light-emitting-diode-based integrating sphere source

Zaid, Ghufron,Park, Seung-Nam,Park, Seongchong,Lee, Dong-Hoon The Optical Society 2010 Applied Optics Vol.49 No.35

<P>We present an experimental realization of differential spectral responsivity measurement by using a light-emitting diode (LED)-based integrating sphere source. The spectral irradiance responsivity is measured by a Lambertian-like radiation field with a diameter of 40 mm at the peak wavelengths of the 35 selectable LEDs covering a range from 280 to 1550 nm. The systematic errors and uncertainties due to lock-in detection, spatial irradiance distribution, and reflection from the test detector are experimentally corrected or considered. In addition, we implemented a numerical procedure to correct the error due to the broad spectral bandwidth of the LEDs. The overall uncertainty of the DSR measurement is evaluated to be 2.2% (k = 2) for Si detectors. To demonstrate its application, we present the measurement results of two Si photovoltaic detectors at different bias irradiance levels up to 120 mW/cm(2).</P>

Immunohistochemical Assessment of E-cadherin and β-catenin in the Histological Differentiations of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Zaid, Khaled Waleed Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

The aim of this study was to establish the expression and localization of E-cadherin and ${\beta}$-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) so that we could correlate the findings with prognostic-relevant histopathological variables. E-cadherin and ${\beta}$-catenin expression in normal oral epithelia and in oral squamous cell carcinomas was examined immunohistochemically, and associations with histopathological differentiation and prognosis were then analyzed in 33 patients who had been operated on for OSCC. E-cadherin expression was found in (82%) of the squamous cells of well differentiated OSCC, (61%) of moderately differentiated and (39%) of poorly differentiated. E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with histological grade (p=0.000). No nuclear staining was detected. In (19.5%) of the cells E-cadherin localized in the cytoplasm, with no correlation to the histological grade (p=0.106). ${\beta}$-Catenin expression was found in 87% of the squamous cells of well differentiated OSCC, 67% of moderately differentiated and 43% of poorly differentiated, the expression was significantly associated with histological grade (p=0.000). the nuclear ${\beta}$-Catenin expression appeared in 3.3% of the cells and it was correlated to the histological grade (p=0.000). In (23.5%) of the cells ${\beta}$-Catenin localized in the cytoplasm, with correlation to the histological grade (p=0.002). According to this study the expression of ${\beta}$-catenin and E-cadherin were independent prognostic factors for histological grade. E-cadherin was closely linked to ${\beta}$-catenin expression in OSCC (p=0.000) and to tumor differentiation. That reflects a structural association and the role of both in tumor progression.