AN INVESTIGATION OF IMMUNIZATION AGAINST SOMATOSTATIN BY MEASURING GROWTH AND CARCASS PARAMETERS IN GILTS

Du, Z.L.,Hacker, R.R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.4

To investigate the effects of immunization against somatostatin (SRIF) on growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass quality; forth-eight Yorkshire gilts ($age=37.5{\pm}4.3d,\;wt=8.2{\pm}1.6kg$) were randomly assigned to one of the following three treatments (1) control, (2) bovine serum albumin (BSA) and (3) SRIF. Cyclic SRIF was conjugated to BSA as the antigen containing 1 mg of SRIF diluted in 3 ml of saline. The conjugate was injected subsutaneously together with bacterial cell protein (BP) adjuvant on both sides of the neck of each gilt as the initial injection with three subsequent booster injections. Throughout the experiment all pigs were fed ad libitum a corn-soy diet containing 20% protein. Body weight and feed intake were measured on a weekly basis. All pigs in the experiment were slaughtered when they approached 101 kg body weight on the weekly weigh day. After slaughter, carcass parameters were analyzed to assess carcass quality. Results revealed that there were no differences among SRIF, BSA and control treatments for average daily gain, feed efficiency and feed intake during the first 5 wk of the experiment and from 6 wk to slaughter. The results for carcass analysis indicated that active immunization against SRIF had no effect on fat content, lean yield, water content and Canadian carcass index These data, collectively, suggest that the protocol employed in the present investigation for active immunization against SRIF is not an effective method for the enhancement of pig growth and improvement of feed efficiency and carcass quality.

AN INVESTIGATION OF IMMUNIZATION AGAINST SOMATOSTATIN BY MEASURING ANTIBODY TITRES, SOMATOSTATIN AND SOMATOTROPIN PROFILES IN GILTS

Du, Z.L.,Hacker, R.R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1993 Animal Bioscience Vol.6 No.2

The effect of active immunization against porcine somatostatin (SRIF-14) on somatostation and somatotropin secretion profile in 18 gilts was investigated. Gilts were assigned to the following treatments: control (sham injection, n = 6); bovine serum albumin (BSA) (injection of BSA with bacterial protein adjuvant, n = 6); SRIF (injection of BSA-SRIF-14 conjugate with bacterial protein adjuvant n = 6). Serum SRIF and pST were assayed from the blood samples taken on day 7 after the last immunization injection. Anti-SRIF antibody titres were assayed in weekly samples two weeks after the initial immunization to one week after the last immunization. Results revealed that the immunization protocol used in the present investigation failed to produce antibodies capable of neutralizing endogenous somatostatin. In addition, the porcine somatotropin assay revealed no significant differences in baseline pST concentration, mean peak amplitude and number of peaks during a 24 h secretory period among SRIF, BSA and control treatment. There were also no differences in SRIF baseline concentration, peak amplitude, and number of peaks during a 24 h secretory period among any of the three treatments. Circulating concentrations of pST and pSRIF were highly correlated (r = -0.09). Furthermore, anti-SRIF antibody titre was not detected in the serum of the gilts actively immunized against SRIF. These data, collectively, suggest that the protocol employed in the present investigation for active immunization against SRIF is not an effective method for changing SRIF and pST secretion profiles of the gilt and thus to enhance performance.

The Influence of Cryogenic Deformation on Bi2223 Superconducting Tapes

Y. Wang,W. Z. Luan,Z. Z. Duan,R. B. Feng,Q. Zhou,Y. N. Li,Y. X. Yao,F. Z. Du 대한금속학회 2005 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.11 No.1

A Study on the Plasma Biochemical Indices of Heat-Stressed Broilers

Lin, H.,Du, R.,Gu, X.H.,Li, F.C.,Zhang, Z.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.9

Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature and humidity on biochemical indices of Arbor Acres broilers at different weeks of age. The alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), lactic dehydrogenase (LD), creatine kinase (CK), plasma glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), urea nitrogen (UN), uric acid (UA), plasma thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and insulin levels were determined in all the four experiments. In experiment 1, the plasma Glu, LD and CK levels were increased by heat exposure ($35{^{\circ}C}$ and 35, 60, or 85% RH, 2 h) and this effect was aggravated by longer exposure (24 h). No significant changes (p>0.05) were found in Ca concentration, activity of AKP and ACP. In experiment 2, temperature (10, 20, 30, $33{^{\circ}C}$) had significant effect on the levels of K, Cl, UN, UA levels and the activity of LD (p<0.01), but had no significant influence on the activity of CK (p>0.05). The UN, UK and LD levels were elevated by low temperature $(10{^{\circ}C})$ (p<0.01), Cl content was increased by high temperature ($(33{^{\circ}C})$ (p<0.01), and K level was decreased by high ($(33{^{\circ}C})$ or low $(10{^{\circ}C})$ temperature and increased by medium temperature $(30{^{\circ}C})$ (p<0.01). The humidity (35, 85% RH) only had significant effect on Cl concentration which was decreased by high humidity (p<0.01). In experiment 3, the result showed that only the LD and CK activity were significantly increased (p<0.01) by high temperature (7, 24, 28, $32{^{\circ}C}$) or high humidity (35, 85% RH). Temperature and humidity had no significant effect on K, Cl, UA, UN and Glu levels (p>0.05). In experiment 4 (24, 27, 30, $33{^{\circ}C}$; 30, 45, 60, 75, 90% RH), plasma T3 level was declined by high temperature $(33{^{\circ}C})$, and this phenomena disappeared in birds under high temperature and high humidity environment. T4 concentration in plasma was not affected by temperature (p>0.05), but was increased by high or low humidity (p<0.01). Neither temperature nor humidity had significant effect on plasma insulin concentration (p>0.05). The results of the four experiments suggested that broilers at different growth periods might have different thermal requirements and would response differently to heat exposure. The plasma biochemical indices themselves had big variation; the reaction of the indices to thermal exposure treatment differed with the age of broilers. The big variation of biochemical indices themselves might cover the response of indices to temperature and humidity treatments.

Peroxide Status in Tissues of Heat-Stressed Broilers

Lin, H.,Du, R.,Zhang, Z.Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.10

The peroxidation status of tissues was estimated in broilers under acute or chronic heat stress ($32^{\circ}C$, 24 h, $5{\times}24h$) in the present study. The results showed that the lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations in plasma and liver were elevated (p<0.05) by acute heat stress, and were not influenced in kidney (p>0.05). At the same time, no significant change of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver, kidney or plasma was observed. Under chronic heat exposure, the SOD activity in liver was increased (p<0.05) and the LPO concentrations in the liver and plasma were restored to the normal levels. The LPO level in kidney was not affected by chronic heat stress (p>0.05), but SOD activity was significantly decreased (p<0.01). The results suggested that the peroxidation was induced by acute heat stress and disappeared along with the time of heat exposure, and the peroxidation reactions were different among tissues.

Association of SNP Haplotypes at the Myostatin Gene with Muscular Hypertrophy in Sheep

Gan, S.Q.,Du, Z.,Liu, S.R.,Yang, Y.L.,Shen, M.,Wang, X.H.,Yin, J.L.,Hu, X.X.,Fei, J.,Fan, J.J.,Wang, J.H.,He, Q.H.,Zhang, Y.S.,Li, N. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.7

The myostatin gene of seven important meat (Beltex (Australia), Beltex$\times$Huyang (F1), Meat and Multi-Prolific Chinese Merino Fine Wool, Meat Chinese Merino Fine Wool and Dorper (South Africa)) and non-meat (Huyang and Kazak) sheep breeds was analyzed to study the genetic basis of muscular hypertrophy (double muscling) phenotype in sheep. SNPs, four in regulatory regions and several in the introns in the myostatin gene, were identified, and the former four SNPs were used for further studies. Twelve haplotypes were predicted by PHASE program, of which four main haplotypes (1, 3, 7, 9) were present in 90% of the 364 sheep in the study. Haplotypes 1-4 were mainly present in meat breeds while haplotypes 7 and 9 dominated the non-meat breeds. The association between haplotypes and average daily gain (ADG) was analyzed among 116 sheep with production data, Haplo2 (CGAA) and Haplo8 (TGAA) were identified to have significant (p<0.05) effect on ADG by the model (JMP5.1 software) taking into account the effects of breed, family background, haplotype, birth weight and sex. ADG of these haplotype groups also correlated well (r = 0.82) with hypertrophic phenotype scores. In conclusion, the mutations -956 (T$\rightarrow$C), -41 (C$\rightarrow$A) and 6223 (G$\rightarrow$A) involved in Haplo2 and 8 may be associated with the double-muscling trait by influencing myostatin function and be suitable markers in selecting meat sheep.

Associations of T→A Mutation in the Promoter Region of Myostatin Gene with Birth Weight in Yorkshire Pigs

Jiang, Y-L,Li, N,Fan, X-Z,Xiao, L-R,Xiang, R-L,Hu, X-X,Du, L-X,Wu, C-X Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.11

A T$\longrightarrow$A mutation in the promoter region of porcine myostatin (MSTN) gene has been identified in our previous work. This study analyzed the associations of the myostatin genotypes (TT, TA) caused by this mutation with birth weigh in Yorkshire pigs. Data from 211 unrelated individuals were collected three times from one breeding farm. Detections of the mutation were carried out by PCR-RFLPs approach. The effects of MSTN genotypes (TT and TA) on birth weight were compared by least square means. The results showed that for birth weight of Yorkshire pigs, individuals with TA genotype were significantly higher than those with TT genotype (p<0.05), and the birth weight for pigs with TA genotype were 1.37 kg in average but only 1.25 kg for pigs with TT genotype, indicating a positive effect of birth weight for A allele.

PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF TiO 2 /CNTs FILMS WITH DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGY ON STAINLESS STEEL SUBSTRATES

S. G. WANG,J. H. WANG,Z. R. DU,C. X. KONG,P. F. LI,C. X. WANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.1

CNTs – TiO 2 ¯lms with di®erent morphology were fabricated on stainless steel substrates throughchemical vapor hydrolysis deposition (CVHD) process and sol – gel process, respectively. Theirmorphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic properties of the ¯lms were tested in the degradation ofmethyl orange by UV light irradiation. The results revealed that TiO 2 nanoparticles could form acontinuous layer on the surface of CNTs through CVHD process. While for sol – gel process, mostTiO 2 nanoparticles were isolated and only a small amount of TiO 2 nanoparticles attached on thesurface of CNTs. And the photocatalytic property of TiO 2 /CNTs ¯lm synthesized throughCVHD process was better than that of TiO 2 /CNTs ¯lms synthesized through sol – gel process. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis illuminated that TiO 2 /CNTs synthesizedthrough CVHD process displayed a smaller resistance than the sample which was synthesizedthrough sol – gel process and certi¯ed that the close combination between TiO 2 and CNTs couldminimize recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, and thus promote the photo-catalytic property.

Genetic Differentiation between Sheep and Goats Based on Microsatellite DNA

Sun, W.,Chang, H.,Ren, Z.J.,Yang, Z.P.,Geng, R.Q.,Lu, S.X.,Du, L.,Tsunoda, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.5

The 7 sheep microsatellite markersOarFCB48, OarAE101, MAF33, OarFCB11, MAF70, OarFCB304 and OarFCB128, which were located on chromosomes 2, 4, 6, 9, 17 and 19, were selected to PCR in Hu sheep, Tong sheep and their closely related species,the goat. They were studied with the amplifying result of 7 microsatellite sites of Hu Sheep, Tong Sheep and goats, the data of allele number and range of allele' size of amplifying were analyzed with ANOVA. The results showed that there were no significant differences (p<0.05) in microsatellite DNA sites among 3 populations. Concerning the conservation of microsatellites in closely related species, selecting microsatellite sites located on the chromosome where the Robertsonian fusion was caused between sheep and goat, may be used in research into genetic differentiation and evolutionary relationships between sheep and goats.

NANOSIZED HYDROXYAPATITE/COLLAGEN COMPOSITE

Feng, Feng, Q,L,Cui, Cui, F.Z,Wang, Wang, R.Z,Du, Du, C,Li, Li, H.D 한국재료학회 1995 Fabrication and Characterization of Advanced Mater Vol.1 No.2

This paper reported the synthesis of a nano-Hydroxyapatite(HAp)/collagen biocomposite and its biological performances. A thoroughly mixed slurry of type I collagen in supersaturated HAp solution was obtained. HAp was then controlled to precipitate on collagen by adjusting the solution properly. SEM, XRD and TEM analysis reveals that HAp in the composite was nanometer sized and uniformly dispersed oncollagen matrix. In vitro biocompatibility of this new biomaterial was evaluated in terms of its biodegradation and bioactivity. The mice macrophage and osteoblast were used for the study, and the behavior of the cells in contact with the composite was investigated by means of SEM. The observations showed that the composite can be degraded through extracellular resorption process mediated by macrophage, and they can also be well-contact with osteoblast cells, in vitro.