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Yuri Ph. Kartavtsev,Svetlana N. Sharina,Tadasuke Goto,Andrey A. Balanov,Naoto Hanzawa 한국유전학회 2009 Genes & Genomics Vol.31 No.2
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) at Co-1 gene region was sequenced for 7 scorpion fish species (in total, 16 sequences of at least 552 bp) from the Far East of Russia and compared with 15 other sequences of Scorpaeniformes comprising altogether 29 scorpion-like fish sequences and two outgroup sequences (Cypriniformes). The analysis of the protein-coding Co-1 gene revealed statistically substantiated bias in the (T+C): (A+G) content, proving basic findings. The average scores of p-distances for different scales of the evolutionary history at Co-1 gene revealed a clear pattern of increased nucleotide diversity at four different levels: (1) intraspecies, (2) intragenus, (3) intrafamily, and (4) intraorder. The scores of average p-distances for the compared fish groups were: (1) 1.00±0.20%, (2) 3.80±0.20%, (3) 12.40±1.20%, and (4) 18.00±0.38%, respectively (mean±SE). These data support the concept that speciation in the order Scorpaeniformes, in most cases, follows a geographic mode through accumulation of numerous small genetic changes over a long period of time. However, intraspecies diversity was surprisingly high among scorpionfish. Phylogenetic trees for 29 sequences of scorpionfish and 2 other fishes belonging to ray-finned fishes (Actinopterigii) were developed using Co-1 gene and four different analytical approaches: Bayesian (BA), maximum likelihood (ML), neighbour-joining (NJ), and maximum parsimony (MP). The analysis revealed a monophyletic origin for the representatives of Cottidae, which is the principal scorpionfish family investigated (100, 96, 98% support level in our BA, MP, and NJ analyses). Similarly, the monophyletic origin of up to the three compared scorpion-like fish genera was supported by molecular phylogenetic data. Species identification on individual basis (barcoding tagging) was high. A few taxonomic complications arose during the analysis and they are discussed here in.
Akira Kishimoto,Yurie Goto,갠지하시모토 대한정신약물학회 2014 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.12 No.3
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a pathological response to trauma characterized by frequent recollections, recurrentnightmares, and flashbacks of the traumatic event(s). To date, the precise mechanisms underlying the development of PTSDremain unknown. Several studies have suggested that antiepileptic drugs, such as gabapentin and lamotrigine, may be effectivein the treatment of PTSD symptoms. We report on a 15-year-old Japanese female junior high school student who developedPTSD symptoms following repeated teasing from male classmates. Additionally, we underscore the beneficial effects of treatmentwith gabapentin and lamotrigine on flashbacks and nightmares. This patient developed PTSD symptoms after repeated teasingfrom male classmates at school. Her flashbacks and nightmares were treated with a combination of gabapentin and lamotrigine. After recovery, treatment with lamotrigine alone controlled her symptoms. Our observations suggest that a process of sensitizationmay be involved in the development of PTSD symptoms. Additionally, gabapentin and/or lamotrigine were effective in the treatmentof flashbacks and nightmares in this patient. Thus, doctors should consider using these anti-epileptic drugs as an alternativeapproach to treating PTSD symptoms.