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( Yukari Tanaka ),( Motoyori Kanazawa ),( Olafur S Palsson ),( Miranda A Van Tilburg ),( Lisa M Gangarosa ),( Shin Fukudo ),( Douglas A Drossman ),( William E Whitehead ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.1
Background/Aims The prevalence and severity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) declines with age, but the cause of this is unknown. This study tested 2 hypotheses: (1) autonomic nervous system responses to eating and bowel distention, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), differs by age in IBS patients and (2) HRV is correlated with colonic motility and IBS symptoms. Methods One hundred and fifty-six Rome III positive IBS patients and 31 healthy controls underwent colonic manometry with bag distention in the descending colon, followed by ingestion of an 810-kcal meal. HRV, evaluated by low frequency (%LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz) component, high frequency (%HF; 0.15-0.40 Hz) component, and the LF/HF ratio, was measured during colonic distention and after the meal. Motility index and subjective symptom scores were simultaneously quantified. Results Both colonic distention and eating decreased %HF and increased the LF/HF ratio, and both indices of autonomic nervous system correlated with age. In IBS patients, %HF negatively correlated with the postprandial motility index after adjusting for age. The %HF and LF/HF ratios also correlated with psychological symptoms but not bowel symptoms in IBS patients. Conclusion Decreased vagal activity is associated with increase in age and greater postprandial colonic motility in patients with IBS, which may contribute to postprandial symptoms. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:87-95)
Biopsychosocial Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
( Yukari Tanaka ),( Motoyori Kanazawa ),( Shin Fukudo ),( Douglas A Drossman ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.2
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic disorder seen in gastroenterology and primary care practice. It is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with disturbed bowel function. It is a heterogeneous disorder with varying treatments, and in this regard physicians sometimes struggle with finding the optimal approach to management of patients with IBS. This disorder induces high health care costs and variably reduces health-related quality of life. IBS is in the class of functional gastrointestinal disorders, and results from dysregulation of central and enteric nervous system interactions. Psychosocial factors are closely related to their gut physiology, associated cognitions, symptom manifestations and illness behavior. Therefore, it is important for the physician to recognize the psychosocial issues of patients with IBS and in addition to build a good patient-physician relationship in order to optimize treatment. This review focuses on the interaction between psychological and physiological factors associated with IBS by using a biopsychosocial model. In this article, we describe (1) the predisposing psychological features seen in early life; (2) the psychological factors associated with life stress, the symptom presentation, and their associated coping patterns; (3) gut pathophysiology with emphasis on disturbances in motility, visceral hypersensitivity and brain-gut interactions; and finally (4) the clinical outcomes and effective treatments including psychotherapeutic methods. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011;17:131-139)
Masayuki Kawano,Yuma Morimitsu,Yukari Oda,Daisuke Kawaguchi,Keiji Tanaka 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2
A better understanding of the hierarchical dynamics of polymers on a solid surface is of importance for improving the material designs of polymer nanocomposites as well as thin film devices. We directly observed the thermal motion of isolated poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) chains on hydrophobic and hydrophilic silicon substrates using atomic force microscopy. While the center-of-mass diffusion of chains was not observed on the hydrophobic hydrogen-passivated silicon substrate, such was on the hydrophilic hydroxy-terminated silicon substrate. The diffusion coefficient for chains on the hydrophilic substrate was (1.35 ± 0.08) x 10<SUP>-14</SUP> cm²·s<SUP>-1</SUP>. The mobility difference of PtBMA chains on the two substrates could be explained in terms of the difference of the interfacial free energy via the existence of the adsorbed water layer.
Ikeda, Hajime,Yamato, Seiji,Kajiwara, Yukari,Nishiyama, Takayuki,Tabuchi, Takanori,Tanaka, Yasushi The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2011 Weed Biology and Management Vol.11 No.3
Herbicidal activity and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibition of sulfonylurea derivatives with a fused heterocyclic moiety bonded to a sulfonyl group were investigated. Some compounds that had an imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine moiety substituted at the 2-position by chlorine or methyl controlled sulfonylurea-resistant (SU-R) weeds and showed inhibitory activity to ALS prepared from SU-R Schoenoplectus juncoides shoot. There was a correlation between in vitro and whole-plant herbicidal activity of the compounds mentioned above against SU-R Schoenoplectus juncoides. Among them 1-(2-chloro-6-propylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-ylsulfonyl)-3-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)urea, propyrisulfuron, was selected for further evaluation. Propyrisulfuron effectively controlled paddy weeds at doses of 70 and 140 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$ with good rice selectivity in a field trial.