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Genetic variation in PSCA is associated with susceptibility to diffuse-type gastric cancer
Sakamoto, Hiromi,Yoshimura, Kimio,Saeki, Norihisa,Katai, Hitoshi,Shimoda, Tadakazu,Matsuno, Yoshihiro,Saito, Daizo,Sugimura, Haruhiko,Tanioka, Fumihiko,Kato, Shunji,Matsukura, Norio,Matsuda, Noriko,Na Nature Pub. Co 2008 Nature genetics Vol.40 No.6
Gastric cancer is classified into intestinal and diffuse types, the latter including a highly malignant form, linitis plastica. A two-stage genome-wide association study (stage 1: 85,576 SNPs on 188 cases and 752 references; stage 2: 2,753 SNPs on 749 cases and 750 controls) in Japan identified a significant association between an intronic SNP (rs2976392) in PSCA (prostate stem cell antigen) and diffuse-type gastric cancer (allele-specific odds ratio (OR) = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.38–1.89, P = 1.11 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP>). The association was far less significant in intestinal-type gastric cancer. We found that PSCA is expressed in differentiating gastric epithelial cells, has a cell-proliferation inhibition activity in vitro and is frequently silenced in gastric cancer. Substitution of the C allele with the risk allele T at a SNP in the first exon (rs2294008, which has r<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.995, D′ = 0.999 with rs2976392) reduces transcriptional activity of an upstream fragment of the gene. The same risk allele was also significantly associated with diffuse-type gastric cancer in 457 cases and 390 controls in Korea (allele-specific OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.56–2.33, P = 8.01 × 10<SUP>−11</SUP>). The polymorphism of the PSCA gene, which is possibly involved in regulating gastric epithelial-cell proliferation, influences susceptibility to diffuse-type gastric cancer.
Persistent activation of Nrf2 through p62 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Inami, Yoshihiro,Waguri, Satoshi,Sakamoto, Ayako,Kouno, Tsuguka,Nakada, Kazuto,Hino, Okio,Watanabe, Sumio,Ando, Jin,Iwadate, Manabu,Yamamoto, Masayuki,Lee, Myung-Shik,Tanaka, Keiji,Komatsu, Masaaki The Rockefeller University Press 2011 The Journal of cell biology Vol.193 No.2
<P>Suppression of autophagy is always accompanied by marked accumulation of p62, a selective autophagy substrate. Because p62 interacts with the Nrf2-binding site on Keap1, which is a Cullin 3–based ubiquitin ligase adapter protein, autophagy deficiency causes competitive inhibition of the Nrf2–Keap1 interaction, resulting in stabilization of Nrf2 followed by transcriptional activation of Nrf2 target genes. Herein, we show that liver-specific autophagy-deficient mice harbor adenomas linked to both the formation of p62- and Keap1-positive cellular aggregates and induction of Nrf2 targets. Importantly, similar aggregates were identified in more than 25% of human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), and induction of Nrf2 target genes was recognized in most of these tumors. Gene targeting of <I>p62</I> in an HCC cell line markedly abrogates the anchorage-independent growth, whereas forced expression of p62, but not a Keap1 interaction-defective mutant, resulted in recovery of the growth defect. These results indicate the involvement of persistent activation of Nrf2 through the accumulation of p62 in hepatoma development.</P>
Shigeyuki Sakamoto,Yoshihiro Kiura,Takahito Okazaki,Nobuhiko Ichinose,Kaoru Kurisu 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2015 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.17 No.1
Coronary-subclavian steal (CSS) can occur after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using the internal thoracic artery (ITA). Subclavian artery (SA) stenosis proximal to the ITA graft causes CSS. We describe a technique for cardiac and cerebral protection during endovascular stenting for CSS due to right SA origin stenosis after CABG. A 64-year-old man with a history of CABG using the right ITA presented with exertional right arm claudication. Angiogram showed a CSS and retrograde blood flow in the right vertebral artery (VA) due to severe stenosis of the right SA origin. Endovascular treatment of the right SA stenosis was planned. For cardiac and cerebral protection, distal balloon protection by inflating a 5.2-F occlusion balloon catheter in the SA proximal to the origin of the right VA and ITA through the right brachial artery approach and distal filter protection of the right internal carotid artery (ICA) through the left femoral artery (FA) approach were performed. Endovascular stenting for SA stenosis from the right FA approach was performed under cardiac and cerebral protection by filter-protection of the ICA and balloon-protection of the VA and ITA. Successful treatment of SA severe stenosis was achieved with no complications.
Neutron Energy Spectra at 180˚ from 140 MeV Proton Incident Reactions
Yosuke Iwamoto,Daiki Satoh,Yoshihiro Nakane,Hiroshi Nakashima,Akira Endo,Yukio Sakamoto 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The neutron energy spectra of carbon, iron, and gold targets with 140 MeV protons at 180˚ were measured at the RCNP cyclotron facility using the time-of-flight technique. The results were compared with results calculated using the evaluated nuclear data file (the LA150 library) and the intranuclear cascade models (JAM and JQMD) implemented in the PHITS code. The results using LA150 and JQMD generally agreed with the experimental data except for the carbon target, but the JAM could not reproduce high-energy neutrons above .
Oki, Yuichi,Tanaka, Toru,Takamiya, Koichi,Osada, Naoyuki,Nitta, Shinnosuke,Ishi, Yoshihiro,Uesugi, Tomonori,Kuriyama, Yasutoshi,Sakamoto, Masaaki,Ohtsuki, Tsutomu The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.3
Background: Very fine radiation-induced aerosol particles are produced in intense radiation fields, such as high-intensity accelerator rooms and containment vessels such as those in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP). Size measurement of the aerosol particles is very important for understanding the behavior of radioactive aerosols released in the FDNPP accident and radiation safety in high-energy accelerators. Materials and Methods: A combined technique using wire screens and imaging plates was developed for size measurement of fine radioactive aerosol particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter. This technique was applied to the radiation field of a proton accelerator room, in which radioactive atoms produced in air during machine operation are incorporated into radiation-induced aerosol particles. The size of $^{11}C$-bearing aerosol particles was analyzed using the wire screen technique in distinction from other positron emitters in combination with a radioactive decay analysis. Results and Discussion: The size distribution for $^{11}C$-bearing aerosol particles was found to be ca. $70{\mu}m$ in geometric mean diameter. The size was similar to that for $^7Be$-bearing particles obtained by a Ge detector measurement, and was slightly larger than the number-based size distribution measured with a scanning mobility particle sizer. Conclusion: The particle size measuring method using wire screens and imaging plates was successfully applied to the fine aerosol particles produced in an intense radiation field of a proton accelerator. This technique is applicable to size measurement of radioactive aerosol particles produced in the intense radiation fields of radiation facilities.
Eiichiro Iwata,Hideki Shigematsu,Kazuya Inoue,Takuya Egawa,Masato Tanaka,Akinori Okuda,Yasuhiko Morimoto,Keisuke Masuda,Yusuke Yamamoto,Yoshihiro Sakamoto,Munehisa Koizumi,Yasuhito Tanaka 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.1
Study Design: Case–control study. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to identify physical findings useful for differentiating between cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA) and rotator cuff tears to prevent the misdiagnosis of CSA as a rotator cuff tear. Overview of Literature: CSA and rotator cuff tears are often confused among patients presenting with difficulty in shoulder elevation. Methods: Twenty-five patients with CSA and 27 with rotator cuff tears were enrolled. We included five physical findings specific to CSA that were observed in both CSA and rotator cuff tear patients. The findings were as follows: (1) weakness of the deltoid muscle, (2) weakness of the biceps muscle, (3) atrophy of the deltoid muscle, (4) atrophy of the biceps muscle, and (5) swallow-tail sign (assessment of the posterior fibers of the deltoid). Results: Among 25 CSA patients, 10 (40.0%) were misdiagnosed with a rotator cuff tear on initial diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of each physical finding were as follows: (1) deltoid weakness (sensitivity, 92.0%; specificity, 55.6%), (2) biceps weakness (sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 100%), (3) deltoid atrophy (sensitivity, 96.0%; specificity, 77.8%), (4) biceps atrophy (sensitivity, 88.8%; specificity, 92.6%), and (5) swallow-tail sign (sensitivity, 56.0%; specificity, 74.1%). There were statistically significant differences in each physical finding. Conclusions: CSA is likely to be misdiagnosed as a rotator cuff tear; however, weakness and atrophy of the biceps are useful findings for differentiating between CSA and rotator cuff tears to prevent misdiagnosis.