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Youngsil Min,Yoon Joong Kang 중소기업융합학회 2020 융합정보논문지 Vol.10 No.6
인체 적응 면역 반응을 일으키는데 중요한 항원 특이적 T 세포를 활용한 면역 세포 치료에서 T 세포를 체외에서 배양하고 클론 확장시키는 과정은 매우 섬세하고 복잡하여 조절하기가 쉽지 않아 T 세포의 활성화와 클론 확장을 유도하 면서도 조절 및 취급이 용이한 인공 항원제시세포 개발의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 인공 항원제시세포는 인체의 항원제시 세포의 세포 표면 분자와 작용을 모방하게 되는데, 기본적인 신호 분자인 MHC-항원 복합체, 공동 자극 분자, 그리고 용해 성 면역 조절 분자를 필수적으로 발현하여야 한다. 또한 T 세포가 항원과 접촉할 때, 이들 분자들이 잘 조직화되어 작용하 는 것이 효과적인 T 세포 활성화에 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 여러 인공 항원제시세포 제작 방법과 세포 표면 분자들의 결합 방법과 물리적인 특성이 T 세포와의 상호작용에 중요함을 고찰하였으며, 효과적인 T 세포 활성화를 유도하며 면역세 포치료에 적용 가능한 인공항원제세세포의 제작 방법을 살펴보았다. Efficient production of antigen specific cytotoxic T cells is critical for appropriate adoptive immune response. In vitro culture and expansion of human T lymphocyte clones are very sophisticated and subtle procedure in immune cell therapy and hard to control. Therefore, many groups devoted their efforts to manipulate artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) that can induce T cell activation and clonal expansion. To mimicking of natural antigen-presenting cells, aAPCs encompass basic signal molecules required for T cell activation: MHC:antigen complexes, co-stimulatory molecules and soluble immune modulating molecules. Orchestrated organization of these molecules is important for efficient T cell activation. Here, we discuss how those molecules have been incorporated in several aAPC models, but also how physical properties od aAPC are important for interaction with T cells.
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The first reported hepatitis E outbreak in a food manufacturing factory: Korea, 2022
Hansol Yeom,Soonryu Seo,Youngsil Yoon,Jaeeun Lee,Myung-Guk Han,Lee Deog-Yong,Sun-Whan Park,Song A Park,Jeong Sook-Hyang,Jin Gwack 질병관리본부 2023 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.14 No.1
Objectives: On February 16, 2022, 12 cases of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection were reported in a food manufacturing factory in Korea. The aim of this study was to identify additional cases and to determine the source of this HEV outbreak. Methods: This study was an in-depth investigation of 12 HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM)-positive cases and their demographic, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics. On-site specimens were collected from the environment and from humans, and a follow-up investigation was conducted 2 to 3 months after the outbreak. Results: Among 80 production workers in the factory, 12 (15.0%) had acute HEV infection, all of whom were asymptomatic. The follow-up investigation showed that 3 cases were HEV IgM-positive, while 6 were HEV IgG-positive. HEV genes were not detected in the HEV IgM-positive specimens. HEV genes were not detected in the food products or environmental specimens collected on-site. HEV was presumed to be the causative pathogen. However, it could not be confirmed that the source of infection was common consumption inside the factory. Conclusion: This was the first domestic case of an HEV infection outbreak in a food manufacturing factory in Korea. Our results provide information for the future control of outbreaks and for the preparation of measures to prevent domestic outbreaks of HEV infection.
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김민경 ( Minkyung Kim ),손영실 ( Youngsil Sohn ),윤준성 ( Joonsung Yoon ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2009 한국디자인포럼 Vol.22 No.-
현대 미디어 아트는 단순히 예술의 범주에 머물러 있지 않고 상호 작용성을 전면에 내세우며 관객과의 소통을 중시하는 형태로 변모되고 있다. 상호소통의 예술로서의 변화된 예술의 위상은 예술을 대중과의 접촉의 장으로 끌어내고 있으며 이런 과정에서 예술적 행위는 하나의 문화적 실행으로 변모되고 있다. 그리고 이 점은 디지털 미디어 기술에 의한 상호소통성에 기반하고 있는 다양한 문화콘텐츠 속에 반영되고 있고 특히 전시나 공연 예술에서 그러한 예들을 쉽게 발견할 수 있다. 이런 의미에서 미디어 아트는 문화 원형을 소재로 한 미디어 아트 형태의 작업에서도 대중의 교육적 차원으로 활용될 수 있는 체험형 문화콘텐츠로 큰 의미를 가지게 됨을 구체적인 작품들의 분석을 통해 확인해 볼 수 있었다. 또한 앞으로 체험형 문화 콘텐츠가 문화유산의 가치를 새롭게 인식할 수 있는 기회를 만든다는 의미에서 그 중요성은 더욱 배가될 것이다. Contemporary media art doesn`t only remain in the field of art. it makes the interactivity stand on the front of art, and it is going to be changed to emphasis on communication with the viewer. The status of changed art as interactivity draws in the art on the stage of meeting with public. In this process, the artistic activity is going to be changed as the cultural practice. Here, these change is reflected in the various culture content based on interactivity by digital media technology. It can be seen easily especially some media art exhibition or performing art. We got confirm as analysis of these cases so that contemporary media art can be significant as experience-oriented cultural content which can be used practical for public not only cultural but educational. In the future, it will be increased their significance because the experimental culture contents make an opportunity as new recognition about value of cultural heritage.
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Kim Jeong-Min,Kim Heui Man,Lee Eun Jung,Jo Hye Jun,Yoon Youngsil,Lee Nam-Joo,Son Junseock,Lee Ye-Ji,Kim Mi Seon,Lee Yong-Pyo,Chae Su-Jin,Park Kye Ryeong,Cho Seung-Rye,Park Sehee,Kim Su Jin,Wang Eunbye 질병관리본부 2020 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.11 No.3
Objectives Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection characterized by the main symptoms of pneumonia and fever. It is caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is known to spread via respiratory droplets. We aimed to determine the rate and likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from COVID-19 patients through non-respiratory routes. Methods Serum, urine, and stool samples were collected from 74 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome was extracted from each specimen and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction performed. CaCo-2 cells were inoculated with the specimens containing the SARS-COV-2 genome, and subcultured for virus isolation. After culturing, viral replication in the cell supernatant was assessed. Results Of the samples collected from 74 COVID-19 patients, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 15 serum, urine, or stool samples. The virus detection rate in the serum, urine, and stool samples were 2.8% (9/323), 0.8% (2/247), and 10.1% (13/129), and the mean viral load was 1,210 ± 1,861, 79 ± 30, and 3,176 ± 7,208 copy/µL, respectively. However, the SARS-CoV-2 was not isolated by the culture method from the samples that tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 gene. Conclusion While the virus remained detectable in the respiratory samples of COVID-19 patients for several days after hospitalization, its detection in the serum, urine, and stool samples was intermittent. Since the virus could not be isolated from the SARS-COV-2-positive samples, the risk of viral transmission via stool and urine is expected to be low.
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