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Lan Ting-Yuan,Lin Yen-Chun,Tseng Tai-Chung,Yang Hung-Chih,Kao Jui-Hung,Cheng Chiao-Feng,Lee Tai-Ju,Huang Shang-Chin,Lu Cheng-Hsun,Li Ko-Jen,Hsieh Song-Chou 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.2
Background/Aims: Rituximab is known to be associated with high hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation rate in patients with resolved HBV infection and hematologic malignancy. However, data regarding HBV reactivation (HBVr) in rheumatic patients receiving rituximab is limited. To assess the HBVr rate in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients receiving rituximab for autoimmune diseases in a large real-world cohort. Methods: From March 2006 to December 2019, 900 patients with negative HBsAg receiving at least one cycle of rituximab for autoimmune diseases in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical outcome and factors associated with HBVr were analyzed. Results: After a median follow-up period of 3.3 years, 21 patients developed HBVr, among whom 17 patients were positive for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) and four were negative. Thirteen patients had clinical hepatitis flare, while eight patients had HBsAg seroreversion without hepatitis. Old age, anti-HBc positivity, undetectable serum hepatitis B surface antibody level at rituximab initiation and a higher average rituximab dose were associated with a higher HBVr rate. There was no significant difference in the HBVr risk between rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Among anti-HBc-negative patients, subjects without HBV vaccination at birth had an increased risk of HBVr (4/368, 1.1%) compared with those who received vaccination (0/126, 0%). Conclusions: In HBV endemic areas where occult HBV is prevalent, anti-HBc-negative patients, may still be at risk for HBVr after rituximab exposure. HBVr may still be considered in HBsAgnegative patients developing abnormal liver function after rituximab exposure, even in patients with negative anti-HBc.
Um, Doo-Seung,Lim, Seongdong,Lee, Youngsu,Lee, Hochan,Kim, Hyung-jun,Yen, Wen-Chun,Chueh, Yu-Lun,Ko, Hyunhyub American Chemical Society 2014 ACS NANO Vol.8 No.3
<P>Tunable surface morphology in III–V semiconductor nanomembranes provides opportunities to modulate electronic structures and light interactions of semiconductors. Here, we introduce a vacuum-induced wrinkling method for the formation of ordered wrinkles in InGaAs nanomembranes (thickness, 42 nm) on PDMS microwell arrays as a strategy for deterministic and multidirectional wrinkle engineering of semiconductor nanomembranes. In this approach, a vacuum-induced pressure difference between the outer and inner sides of the microwell patterns covered with nanomembranes leads to bulging of the nanomembranes at the predefined microwells, which, in turn, results in stretch-induced wrinkle formation of the nanomembranes between the microwells. The direction and geometry of the nanomembrane wrinkles are well controlled by varying the PDMS modulus, depth, and shape of microwells, and the temperature during the transfer printing of nanomembrane onto heterogeneous substrates. The wrinkling method shown here can be applied to other semiconductor nanomembranes and may create an important platform to realize unconventional electronic devices with tunable electronic properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2014/ancac3.2014.8.issue-3/nn500646j/production/images/medium/nn-2014-00646j_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn500646j'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Um, Doo-Seung,Lee, Youngsu,Lim, Seongdong,Park, Jonghwa,Yen, Wen-Chun,Chueh, Yu-Lun,Kim, Hyung-jun,Ko, Hyunhyub American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.39
<P>Development of broadband photodetectors is of great importance for applications in high-capacity optical communication, night vision, and biomedical imaging systems. While heterostructured photodetectors can expand light detection range, fabrication of heterostructures via epitaxial growth or wafer bonding still faces significant challenges because of problems such as lattice and thermal mismatches. Here, a transfer printing technique is used for the heterogeneous integration of InGaAs nanomembranes on silicon semiconductors and thus the formation of van der Waals heterojunction photodiodes, which can enhance the spectral response and photoresponsivity of Si photodiodes. Transfer-printed InGaAs nanomembrane/Si heterojunction photodiode exhibits a high rectification ratio (7.73 x 10(4) at +/- 3 V) and low leakage current (7.44 X 10(-5) A/cm(2) at(-3) V) in a dark state. In particular, the photodiode shows high photoresponsivities (7.52 and 2.2 A W-1 at a reverse bias of -3 V and zero bias, respectively) in the broadband spectral range (400-1250 nm) and fast rise-fall response times (13-16 ms), demonstrating broadband and fast photodetection capabilities. The suggested III-V/Si van der Waals heterostructures can be a robust platform for the fabrication of high-performance on-chip photodetectors compatible with Si integrated optical chips.</P>
Tu, Thu-Hien Thi,Sharma, Naveen,Shin, Eun-Joo,Tran, Hai-Quyen,Lee, Yu Jeung,Nah, Seung-Yeol,Tran, Hoang-Yen Phi,Jeong, Ji Hoon,Jeong, Jung Hwan,Ko, Sung Kwon,Byun, Jae Kyung,Kim, Hyoung-Chun Georg Thieme Verlag KG 2017 Planta medica Vol.83 No.17
<B>Abstract</B><P> Panax ginseng is the most widely used herbal medicine for improving cognitive functions. The pharmacological activity and underlying mechanisms of mountain-cultivated ginseng, however, have yet to be clearly elucidated, in particular, against trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfunction. We previously reported that interleukin-6 plays a protective role against trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfunction. Because of this, we have implemented a study system that uses interleukin-6 null (−/−) and wild-type mice. Interestingly, mountain-cultivated ginseng significantly upregulated interleukin-6 expression. With this study, we sought to determine whether the interleukin-6-dependent modulation of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer activator of transcription 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling network is also associated with the pharmacological activity of mountain-cultivated ginseng against trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfunction. Trimethyltin treatment (2.4 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) causes the downregulation of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer activator of transcription 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, and impairment of the cholinergic system. We found that mountain-cultivated ginseng treatment (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) significantly attenuated cognitive impairment normally induced by trimethyltin by upregulating p-Janus kinase 2/signal transducer activator of transcription 3, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, and the cholinergic system. Trimethyltin-induced cognitive impairments were more pronounced in interleukin-6 (−/−) mice than wild-type mice, and they were markedly reduced by treatment with either mountain-cultivated ginseng or recombinant interleukin-6 protein (6 ng, intracerebroventricular). Additionally, treatment with either AG490 (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a Janus kinase 2/signal transducer activator of transcription 3 inhibitor, or U0126 (2 µg/head, intracerebroventricular), an extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor, reversed the effects of mountain-cultivated ginseng treatment. The effects of mountain-cultivated ginseng treatment were comparable to those of recombinant interleukin-6 protein in interleukin-6 (−/−) mice. Our results, therefore, suggest that mountain-cultivated ginseng acts through interleukin-6-dependent activation of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer activator of transcription 3/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling in order to reverse cognitive impairment caused by trimethyltin treatment.</P>