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Xuan Lihui,Xu Zheng,Luo Jinhua,Yin Wang,Yan Yuhui,Qu Can,Xie Zuozhong,Skonieczna Magdalena,Zhou Ping-Kun,Huang Ruixue 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Exposure to nanomicroplastics (nano-MPs) can induce lung damage. The gut microbiota is a critical modulator of the gut–lung axis. However, the mechanisms underlying these interactions have not been elucidated. This study explored the role of lactate, a key metabolite of the microbiota, in the development of lung damage induced by nano-MPs (LDMP). After 28 days of exposure to nano-MPs (50–100 nm), mice mainly exhibited damage to the lungs and intestinal mucosa and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Lactate accumulation was observed in the lungs, intestines and serum and was strongly associated with the imbalance in lactic acid bacteria in the gut. Furthermore, no lactate accumulation was observed in germ-free mice, while the depletion of the gut microbiota using a cocktail of antibiotics produced similar results, suggesting that lactate accumulation in the lungs may have been due to changes in the gut microbiota components. Mechanistically, elevated lactate triggers activation of the HIF1a/PTBP1 pathway, exacerbating nano-MP-induced lung damage through modulation of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conversely, mice with conditional knockout of Ptbp1 in the lungs (Ptbp1flfl) and PTBP1-knockout (PTBP1-KO) human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells showed reversal of the effects of lactate through modulation of the HIF1a/PTBP1 signaling pathway. These findings indicate that lactate is a potential target for preventing and treating LDMP.
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Xun Gao,Qingde Li,Wanli Cheng,Guangping Han,Lihui Xuan 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.2
Poplar fibers were pretreated under high temperature and pressurized steam at different temperatures and pressures; they were further modified using different amounts of silane coupling agent. The obtained modified fibers were used to prepare wood fiber/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites by an extrusion-molding process. The effects of high temperature and pressurized steaming/silane coupling co-modification on the properties of wood fiber/HDPE composites were investigated. The results show that after the high temperature and pressurized steaming treatment, the amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the fibers and surface polarity of the fibers decreased, whereas the crystallinity and thermal stability significantly increased. The storage modulus and mechanical properties of the composites improved as well. The addition of silane to the steam-treated fibers further enhanced the storage modulus, loss modulus, and the mechanical properties of the composites. Moreover, when the wood fibers were only modified by adding silane and the silane content was 5%, the prepared composites showed better mechanical properties than the high temperature and pressurized steaming treatment. However, the addition of a small amount of silane to the wood fibers exposed to steam at 170 °C and 0.8 MPa provided even better results; when 2% silane was added, the composites showed the best mechanical properties.
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