Synthesis and Application of a Polyamide-containing Phosphorous and Sulfur Flame-retardant for Nylon Fabric

Xiangdong Zhou,Yufa Sun,Yingchun Chen,Bing Sun 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.2

Monomer of polyamide (PA66) and flame-retardant intermediate product (FR) were firstly synthesized, and the flame-retardant (PA-FR) was further gained by polymerization of PA66 and FR. The structure of PA-FR was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal properties of PA-FR and the finished fabric were evaluated by thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that melting eutectic reaction occurred between PA-FR and nylon fabric. The experimental results showed that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of PA-FR treated fabric and PA-FR treated fabric after 10 laundries were improved to 28.8% and 26.4%, respectively. It implied that PA-FR had a good and durable function of imparting fire-resistance to nylon fabric.

Mesoscale Deformation Incompatibility Analysis of DP1180 Steel

Bingying Zhou,Yisheng Zhang,Xuexi Cui,Fei Han,Bobin Guan,Xiangdong Wu,Min Wan 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.10

Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) is of great technological interest in automotive lightweight applications. The dualphase (DP) steel with a higher volume fraction of martensite has been rarely studied. In this work, the micromechanical deformation incompatibility of DP1180 steel was analyzed by a microstructure-based representative volume element (RVE) model. Via the electron-backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and the open-source software DREAM.3D, the statistically real microstructure-based RVE model was established. The flow curve of ferrite was obtained by the dislocation-based method. And the flow curve of martensite was obtained by the isostrain method (ISM) and the non-isostrain method (NISM). The simulation results showed good coincidence with the experiments. Furthermore, the ISM and the NISM were well clarified and improved. The microscale stress and strain in ferrite and martensite are approximately normal distributions due to the deformation incompatibility. The simulations verified that martensite carries much higher stress than ferrite. The mean value of strain in martensite is smaller than that in ferrite. And the strain variances of ferrite and martensite are similar. A larger variation range of stress triaxiality in ferrite indicates that the ferrite has gone through a more complex stress state. While the martensite has been approaching from the tension–compression state to the uniaxial-tension state. Consequently, the strain localization and damage initiation are predicted to be preferentially through ferrite compared to martensite, which is in good agreement with the results of the in situ tensile test. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the deformation incompatibility of the DP steel, especially in which the volume fraction of martensite is larger than that of ferrite. And it has theoretical significance for accurately predicting the micromechanical deformation behavior of multi-phase materials.

Clinical Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Junying Zhou,Jihui Zhang,Siu Ping Lam,Xiangdong Tang,Yun Kwok Wing 대한수면연구학회 2015 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.12 No.2

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is currently considered as a prodromal stage of α -synucleinopathies neurodegeneration. The update data suggested that over 80% patients with idiopathic RBD eventually developed neurodegenerative disease after a mean of 14 years interval from the onset of RBD. A series of potential biomarkers have been identified to predict the development of neurodegeneration in idiopathic RBD, including olfactory loss, color vision deficit, depression, mild cognitive impairment, excessive daytime sleepiness, dopamine dysfunction, and tonic EMG activity. Early recognition of the predictive markers of neurodegeneration in idiopathic RBD is essential for development of intervention or prevention strategies at the presymptomatic stage. Nonetheless, the current literature is lacking biomarkers that might reflect the α-synuclein neuropathology at the earliest stages. Future studies with large samples and systematic follow-up are needed to confirm more potential markers of neurodegeneration at its early stages.

Synthesis and Application of Cationic Waterborne Polyurethane as Fixing Agent for Cotton Fabric

Zhiwei Xu,Xiangdong Zhou 한국고분자학회 2021 폴리머 Vol.45 No.1

The traditional reactive dyeing of cotton has the disadvantage of poor fastness. In order to improve the fastness, a novel environment-friendly cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU) was successfully synthesized via step-by-step polymerization. The CWPU was prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polypropylene glycol (PPG-1000), methyl ethyl ketone oxime and hydrophilic monomer (EGDEA). The chemical structure of CWPU was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Effects of n (IPDI/PPG-1000), EGDEA dosage, and the neutralizational degree on the properties of the waterborne polyurethane emulsion and the fastness of the treated dyed cotton fabrics were investigated. Particle size and zeta potential were tested to evaluate the emulsion stability. Scanning electron microscope showed that CWPU had been successfully finished on the fabric. Compared with the untreated cotton fabric, the dry and wet rubbing fastness of the treated cotton fabric dyed with reactive dyes increase 0~0.5 and 0.5~1 level, respectively, and the wash fastness increases 0.5~1 level.

Reliability-based sensitivity of mechanical components with arbitrary distribution parameters

Yimin Zhang,Xiangdong He,Zhou Yang,Qiaoling Liu,Bangchun Wen 대한기계학회 2010 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.24 No.6

This paper presents a reliability-based sensitivity method for mechanical components with arbitrary distribution parameters. Techniques from the perturbation method, the Edgeworth series, the reliability-based design theory, and the sensitivity analysis approach were employed directly to calculate the reliability-based sensitivity of mechanical components on the condition that the first four moments of the original random variables are known. The reliability-based sensitivity information of the mechanical components can be accurately and quickly obtained using a practical computer program. The effects of the design parameters on the reliability of mechanical components were studied. The method presented in this paper provides the theoretic basis for the reliability-based design of mechanical components.

Synthesis of a Block Silicone Softener by Alkali Method and Its Application on Cotton Fabric

Kun Chen,Xiangdong Zhou 한국고분자학회 2020 폴리머 Vol.44 No.2

A block silicone softener (ATSO-PDE) was synthesized by alkali method with amino-terminated polysiloxane (ATSO) and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PDE) as raw materials. The chemical structure of amino-terminated siloxane (ATS) was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR. The main factors affecting ATSO conversion rate and properties of product were investigated. The optimal ring opening reaction condition of ATSO was 110℃ for 2 h. The application of ATSO-PDE on cotton fabrics indicated that fabrics treated by softener with high ammonia value (0.70 mmol/g) expressed good softness while softener with low ammonia value (0.40 mmol/g) expressed good smoothness. The adsorption mechanism and orientation distribution of silicone softener on the fibers were analyzed by the establishment of the orientation distribution model. It was indicated that the different properties and surface morphology of ATSO-PDE were related to the molecular structure and the orientation on the surface of the fiber.

Displacement and dual-pressure compound control for fast forging hydraulic system

Jing Yao,Bin Liu,Xiangdong Kong,Fang Zhou 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.1

The poor energy efficiency is a big issue in the conventional electro-hydraulic proportional valve controlled fast forging system due tothe huge throttling losses and overflow losses. Aimed to address this problem, a new compound control strategy of displacement anddual-pressure was proposed in this study. Firstly, the mathematic model of the main components was built, and the compound controlstrategy was designed depending on the different working conditions. Then, the overall control system was integrated for both downstrokestage and return-stroke stage. The proposed control strategy was tested and evaluated in a 0.6 MN fast forging press. Results indicatedthat the input energy was reduced by 50% and energy loss decreased dramatically while control performance is good. Results alsoshow that control performance and energy saving is significantly affected by the variation of △p and pb. Overall, the proposed new controlstrategy could be used for the fast forging press with high energy efficiency.

Synthesis and Application of Polysiloxane-Modified Polyurethane as Anti-pilling Finishing Agent for Polyester-Cotton Fabric

Zheng Liu,Wen Yang,Xiangdong Zhou 한국고분자학회 2020 폴리머 Vol.44 No.6

The polysiloxane-modified polyurethane anti-pilling finishing agent (SA-PU) was synthesized with 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), polyester diol (PDHA), and amino-terminated siloxane (SA) as raw materials. The structure of SA-PU was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) showed that SA-PU had been successfully finished on the surface of the fabric. Moreover, the properties of SA-PU on the treated fabric were measured by Martindale abrasion, pilling tester, and Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F). The results indicated that the anti-pilling property of polyester-cotton fabric was improved 2~3 grades after finishing. In addition, the surface properties and bending properties of polyester-cotton fabric were also improved.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–2.0Gd–1.2Y–1.0Zn–0.2Zr Alloy

Jianan Liu,Xiaoru Zhang,Wenxue Lv,Yumei Zhou,Daqing Fang,Xiangdong Ding,Jun Sun 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.7

The microstructural evolution of Mg–2.0Gd–1.2Y–1.0Zn–0.2Zr (GWZK) alloy during homogenization and subsequentaging heat-treatment and the tensile properties of the peak-aged sample at various temperatures have been investigated. Thephase transformation during homogenization, static precipitation during aging, and deformation mechanisms at 250 °C aresystematically analyzed through XRD, TEM and EBSD measurements. The peak-aged GWZK alloy has good combinationof strength and ductility at elevated temperatures owing to its high thermal stability by the LPSO phases distributed alongthe grain boundaries. The change (19 MPa) in the yield strength of peak-aged samples between RT and 250 °C is mainlyrelated to easy gliding of dislocations on the non-basal planes due to the decrease in critical resolved shear stress of slip. Two strengthening models are applied to quantitatively describe the efect of {11 −2 0}훼precipitate plates on Orowanstrengthening corresponding to RT and 250 °C. Ignoring changes in solid solution strengthening and grain boundary strengthening of the peak-aged sample caused by increasing temperature, the calculated reduction value (16.5 MPa) in macroscopicyield strength from RT (based on the basal<a>slip mode) to 250 °C (based on the pyramidal<c+a>slip mode) is in goodagreement with the measured reduction value (19 MPa).

Synthesis and Application of Polyurethane-Modified Silicone as Finishing Agent for Cotton Fabric

Wenwen Lei,Yufa Sun,Bin Huang,Xiangdong Zhou 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.5

The polyurethane modified organic silicone (PU-SA) was successfully synthesized via step-by-step polymerization with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) used as monomers, dibutyltindilaurate (DBTDL) as the catalyst, trimethylolpropane (TMP) and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) as the chain extender, and amino-terminated siloxane (SA) as the blocking agent. The chemical structure of PU-SA was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that PUSA had been successfully finished on the surface. Additionally, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the PU-SA treated fabrics showed low decomposition temperature and slightly high char residue. As a finishing agent, the effect of PU-SA on the handle of cotton fabrics was also studied by using a Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-F). The experimental results found that PU-SA had a significant improvement on the bending properties, surface properties, and compressional properties. Moreover, the mechanical and anti-wrinkle properties of the cotton fabrics were also enhanced.