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홈쇼핑 기업과 소비재 중소기업의 해외 동반진출에 관한 사례연구
정소원(So Won Jeong),양희순(Heesoon Yang),정재은(Jae Eun Chung) 한국경영학회 2017 한국경영학회 통합학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.08
우리나라의 지속적인 경제발전과 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 대기업과 중소기업의 간의 균형 잡힌 발전이 필요하다. 이에 대중소기업간 상생 및 해외 동반진출에 대한 관심이 높으며, 정부에서도 여러 가지 지원정책을 늘리고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내 홈쇼핑 기업과 소비재 중소기업의 해외 동반진출에 관한 인터뷰를 통해 홈쇼핑의 특수성을 고려한 효율적인 유통대기업과 중소기업의 해외 동반진출 확대 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 해외 동반진출을 하고 있는 3개의 홈쇼핑 기업을 대상을 인터뷰를 실시하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 홈쇼핑 기업은 소비재 중소기업의 해외 판로 개척에 도움이 되며, 자원과 역량이 부족한 중소기업에게 경영 및 마케팅 역량을 활용할 수 있게 해준다. 홈쇼핑 기업이 소비재 중소기업을 지원하기 위해 영상을 제작하거나 언어를 번역해주기도 하며, 무역 통관과 관련된 서류를 지원해주기도 한다. 또한 시장개척단을 구성하여 해외시장 정보 제공 등의 지원을 한다. 그렇지만 아직까지는 홈쇼핑 기업에게 해외 동반진출이 주는 실질적인 혜택이 미미하기 때문에 장기적으로 서로 win-win할 수 있는 전략이 필요하다. 이를 위해 해외 동반진출을 독려할 수 있도록 실질적인 혜택을 제공해야 하며, 궁극적으로 CSV 개념을 실천할 수 있도록 해야 한다. There must be a balanced development of both conglomerates and small and mid-sized companies in order to secure constant economic growth and competitive edge of South Korea. Accordingly, high expectations are being placed on win-win growth and joint overseas expansion of conglomerates and small and mid-sized companies. This study seeks efficient ways to promote joint overseas expansion of major retailers and small and mid-sized companies considering the distinctiveness of home shopping by conducting interviews about joint overseas expansion of home shopping companies and small and mid-sized consumer goods companies in South Korea. Home shopping companies contribute to opening up overseas markets for small and mid-sized consumer goods companies, and allows them to make use of business and marketing competencies that they lack. Home shopping companies also produce visual materials or provide language translations, and help draw up documents for customs clearance in trading. They also form market development teams and provide information about the overseas markets. However, since the actual benefits from joint overseas expansion are minor for home shopping companies, there is a need for a strategy for win-win growth of both parties in the long run. To this end, it is necessary to provide substantial benefits to encourage joint overseas expansion and ultimately implement the concept of creating shared value (CSV).
MMP-1 and TIMP-1 production in MG-63 cells stimulated with Prevotella nigrescens Lipopolysaccharide
Yang, Won-Kyung,Kim, Mi-Ri,Shon, Won-Jun,Lee, In-Bog,Cho, Byeong-Hoon,Um, Chung-Moon,Son, Ho-Hyun 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.5
The purpose of this study is to monitor the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) produced by human osteosarcoma cell line (MG63) stimulated with Prevotella nigrescens lipopolysaccharides (LPS). and to compare the level of secretion before and after the treatment of calcium hydroxide on P. nigrescens LPS. LPS was extracted and purified from anaerobically cultured P. nigrescens. MG63 cells were stimulated by the LPS (0, 1, 10㎍/ml) or LPS(10㎍/ml) pretreated with 12.5 mg/ml of Ca(OH)₂ for 3 days. Total RNA was isolated from the cell. and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for quantification of MMP-1 and TIMP-1. The results were as follows. 1. MMP-1 mRNA expression at 48 hr was highly increased by stimulation with P. nigrescens LPS. The increase was dose-dependent. 2. When stimulated with 1㎍/ml of LPS. TIMP-1 mRNA expression was highly increased at 24 hr and 48 hr. However. TIMP-1 expression was suppressed at higher concentration (10 ㎍/ml). 3. When P. nigrescens LPS was pretreated with Ca(OH)₂, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expression was downregulated. The results of this study suggest that transcriptional regulation of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 by P. nigrescens LPS could be one of the important mechanisms in bone resorption of periapical inflammation. The result of calcium hydroxide on MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expression suppression shows that calcium hydroxide detoxified bacterial LPS and thus should be used the medication of choice for intracanal dressings in root canal infected with black-pigmented bacteria. 본 연구의 목적은 Prevotella nigrescens lipopolysaccharides (LPS)로 자극된 MG63 osteosarcoma 세포에서 생성, 분비되는 기질금속단백효소인 MMP-1과 그 억제제인 TIMP-1을 측정할 뿐아니라 수산화칼슘으로 처리한 P. nigrescens LPS에 의한 기질금속단백효소와 그 억제제의 분비수준의 변화를 알아보는데 있다. 혐기성 조건에서 배양한 P. nigrescens로부터 LPS를 추출하여 순수정제한 다음 0, 1 그리고 10㎍/ml의 LPS 농도로 MG63 세포를 자극하거나 또는 수산화칼슘으로 처리한 10㎍/ml의 LPS로 세포를 다양한 자극하여 다양한 시간이 경과한 다음 세포로부터 분비되는 MMP-1과 TIMP-1의 RNA 수준을 real time-PCR 방법으로 측정하였다. 실험결과 MMP-1의 mRNA수준은 48시간에서 최고에 달하였고 그 분비정도는 LPS의 농도에 비례하였다. TIMP-1 mRNA는 1㎍/ml의 세균성 LPS 자극시 24시간 및 48시간에서 높은 증가를 보였으나 고농도인 10㎍/ml의 LPS로 자극한 경우 오히려 그 발현이 억제되었다. 또한 수산화칼슘으로 전처리한 P. nigrescens LPS로 자극한 MG 63 세포에서는 MMP-1과 TIMP-1의 분비가 억제되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 볼 때 P. nigrescens LPS에 의한 MMP-1과 TIMP-1의 발현조절이 치근단 질환에서 발생하는 치조골 흡수 기전중 하나로 사료된다. 뿐만 아니라 P. nigrescens에 의해 분비되는 기질금속단백효소를 매개로 하는 염증반응 감소에 수산화칼슘이 효과적으로 작용하는것으로 확인되어 치근단 질환에 관여하는 세균성 LPS를 제거하기 위해 임상적으로 사용되는 근거가 될 수 있다.
Yang, Woo-In,Hur, Jin,Ko, Young-Guk,Choi, Byung-Wook,Kim, Jung-Sun,Choi, Donghoon,Ha, Jong-Won,Hong, Meonong-Ki,Jang, Yangsoo,Chung, Namsik,Shim, Won-Heum,Cho, Seung-Yun Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2010 Coronary artery disease Vol.21 No.3
BACKGROUND: The ability of 64-slice computed tomography (CT) angiography to differentiate plaque types remains unclear. We evaluated whether the density of noncalcified coronary plaques by 64-slice CT angiography correlates with plaque components assessed by integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS). METHODS: Eighty-six patients [stable angina/acute coronary syndrome (ACS) 67/19, mean age 62±11 years] who showed significant coronary artery stenosis (≥50% diameter stenosis) by 64-slice CT angiography underwent coronary angiography and were evaluated using IB-IVUS. RESULTS: A total of 92 noncalcified coronary plaques on CT angiography were evaluated with IB-IVUS. There was a positive correlation between CT density and calcified tissue content (r=0.41, P<0.001). However, the CT density of plaques did not correlate with other tissue components. Patients with ACS showed more lipid (43.1±13.2 vs. 35.8±13.5, P=0.03) and less soft fibrous tissue (50.5±11.7 vs. 56.5±12.0, P=0.05) by IB-IVUS than those with stable angina. However, the mean CT density of plaques in ACS was not different from that in stable angina (140.6±88.5 vs. 113.1±80.9, P=0.19). CONCLUSION: Except for calcified tissue, CT angiography failed to differentiate plaque types of noncalcified tissue. Therefore, the role of 64-slice CT angiography in identifying lipid-rich plaques remains limited.
Yang, Seung Won,Lee, Seung‐,Min,Choi, Eun Young,Lee, Kyung Hye,Kim, Soo Hyuk,Shin, Min‐,Jeong,Han, Ye Sun,Kang, Seok‐,Min,Chung, Ji Hyung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.112 No.9
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs), including TAT‐CPP, have been used to deliver exogenous proteins into living cells. Although a number of proteins fused to TAT‐CPP can be delivered into various cells, little is known about the proteolytic cleavage of TAT‐fusion proteins in cells. In this study, we demonstrate that a small heat shock protein (sHSP), alphaB‐crystallin (αB‐crystallin), delivered by TAT‐CPP is susceptible to proteolytic cleavage by matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) in cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells. Recombinant TAT‐αB‐crystallin was efficiently transduced into H9c2 cells. For a few hours following protein transduction, generation of a 14‐kDa fragment, a cleavage band of TAT‐αB‐crystallin, increased in a time‐dependent manner. This fragment was observed only in detergent‐insoluble fractions. Interestingly, treatment with MMP inhibitors blocked the cleavage of TAT‐αB‐crystallin. In test tubes, recombinant MMP‐1 processed TAT‐αB‐crystallin to generate the major cleavage fragment 14‐kDa, as observed in the cells treated with TAT‐αB‐crystallin. The N‐terminal sequences of the 14‐kDa fragment were identified as Leu‐Arg‐Ala‐Pro‐Ser‐Trp‐Phe, indicating that this fragment is generated by cleavage at Phe54‐Leu55 of αB‐crystallin. The MMP‐1‐selective inhibitor abolished the production of 14‐kDa fragments in cells. In addition, the cleaved fragment of TAT‐αB‐crystallin was significantly reduced in cells transfected with MMP‐1 siRNA. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of MMP‐1 was markedly increased in TAT‐αB‐crystallin‐treated cells. TAT‐αB‐crystallin has a cytoprotective effect on H9c2 cells under hypoxic insult, moreover, MMP‐1‐selective inhibitor treatment led to even increased cell viability. These results suggest that MMP‐1 is responsible for proteolytic cleavage of TAT‐αB‐crystallin during its intracellular transduction in H9c2 cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 2454–2462, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>
Targeted Traction of Impacted Teeth With C-Tube Miniplates
Chung, Kyu-Rhim,Kim, Yong,Ahn, Hyo-Won,Lee, Dongjoo,Yang, Dong-Min,Kim, Seong-Hun,Nelson, Gerald by Mutaz B. Habal, MD. 2014 JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY - Vol.25 No.5
ABSTRACT: Orthodontic traction of impacted teeth has typically been performed using full fixed appliance as anchorage against the traction force. This conventional approach can be difficult to apply in the mixed dentition if the partial fixed appliance offers an insufficient anchor unit. In addition, full fixed appliance can induce unwanted movement of adjacent teeth. This clinical report presents 3 cases where impacted teeth were recovered in the mixed or transitional dentition with skeletal anchorage on the opposite arch without full fixed appliance. Instead, intermaxillary traction was used to bring the impacted teeth into position. With this approach, side effects on teeth and periodontal tissues adjacent to the impaction were minimized.