Revisiting Code Normalisation for Machine Learning-based Malware Detection

Mihai-Tudor Balan,BooJoong Kang 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2022 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Malware detection has piqued the interest both academia and anti-malware industry as a result of the malware explosive growth over the past 20 years and the havoc that it has been able to cause. Even though in the past signature-based anti-virus systems have been successful, malware authors and cyber security experts have since been in a never-ending arms race. In order to overcome the endeavors of cyber security experts, malware authors created polymorphic, metamorphic, and oligomorphic engines for malware in order to bypass the detection of traditional anti-virus systems. As a result, cyber security experts sought to devise their best strategies for retaliating against adversary. Conventional algorithms of machine learning and more complex ones of deep learning constitute the remedy to such impediment. The major vulnerability of machine learning-based malware detection systems is represented by adversarial examples. In this paper, we propose a machine learning-based malware detection system that is resistant to adversarial malware by utilising code normalisation. We evaluate the impact of code normalisation in a deep learning based-malware detection system and the proposed malware detection system with the code normalisation scored 99.02% success rate.

영국의 노동당과 노동조합

Owen Tudor 한국노동연구원 2004 국제노동브리프 Vol.2 No.3

Contrast enhancement for ultrasound-guided interventions: when to use it and what to expect?

Zeno Sparchez,Tudor Mocan,Rares Craciun,Mihaela Sparchez,Christian Nolsoe 대한초음파의학회 2022 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.41 No.2

The use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) has recently become synonymous with high-standard ultrasonography (US). From expanding the reach of US diagnostics to improving the precision of various invasive procedures, CEUS is rapidly becoming a standard in numerous niches. However, proficiency in CEUS comes with a cost, both from a learning curve and material standpoint, and as every growing field, lacks firm evidence and standardization. Therefore, in the current paper, we aim to provide an evidence-based review of available methods and to discuss the advantages and pitfalls of CEUS in interventional procedures, trying to provide strong evidence whenever available, or at least an educated expert opinion if data are lacking.

Robust Design of an Anticipative Feedforward-feedback Controller for MIMO Systems

Asma Achnib,Tudor-Bogdan Airimitoaie,Patrick Lanusse 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.3

In this paper, multi-input multi-output preview systems, for which future values of the reference and disturbance signals are known a number of time-steps ahead, are considered. The paper focuses on designing control algorithms that improve the performance of the closed-loop system taking into account the preview information. A robust anticipative controller described through an L∞/L2 optimisation problem is proposed. Its design focuses on the minimization of the tracking error in the presence of disturbances while at the same time limiting the control input amplitude. The proposed solution combines a robust feedback controller with a preview feedforward filter. The feedback controller’s purpose is to ensure the robustness of the closed-loop system to model uncertainties. The proposed solution is assessed by using the model of a MIMO system with uncertain parameters.

Why build sustainable relationships with customers? - The effects of “Ambassador Program”

Kei Aoki,R. Keith Tudor,Aberdeen Leila Borders,Deborah H. Lester 한국마케팅과학회 2020 마케팅과학연구 Vol.30 No.3

To build relationships with customers, sustainable engagements are crucial. Ostensibly, firm profits are derived from customers’ financial contributions; in addition, their non-financial contributions such as advocacy also increase long-term profitability. Today, the importance of such customer-to-customer communication has dramatically increased and is derived from enhancing customers’ brand experience. This paper explores how to incorporate C-to-C communication into brand experience with the goal of strengthening customer relationships, developing advocacy, and encouraging sustainable interactions. This study introduces the novel approach called Ambassador Program which aims to build long-term collaboration with customers and promote advocacy from the participants. Through the case of the “NESCAFE Ambassador Program,” we found that this brand-new approach is effective in increasing customers’ brand experience and customers’ contributions. Consequently, customers can create new customers. The research empirically showed that even in such a low-involvement category as consumer-packaged goods, firms can build sustainable relationships with customers by adopting customer-to-customer relationships into their marketing strategies.

Employers' Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence among a Diverse Workforce

Samuel, Laura J.,Tudor, Carrie,Weinstein, Marc,Moss, Helen,Glass, Nancy Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2011 Safety and health at work Vol.2 No.3

Objectives: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant global public health concern, affecting 5.3 million US individuals annually. An estimated 1 in 3 women globally are abused by an intimate partner in their lifetime, and the effects carry over into the workplace. This article examines employers' perceptions of IPV in the workplace, targeting supervisors of Latina employees. Methods: Fourteen employers and supervisors of small service-sector companies in Oregon were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interpretive description was used to identify themes. These qualitative interviews preceded and helped to formulate a larger workplace intervention study. Results: The following themes were found and are detailed: (1) factors associated with recognizing IPV in the workplace, (2) effects of IPV on the work environment and (3) supervisors' responses to IPV-active vs. passive involvement. Also, supervisors' suggestions for addressing IPV in the workplace are summarized. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the need for more IPV-related resources in the workplace to be available to supervisors as well as survivors and their coworkers. The needs of supervisors and workplaces vary by site, demonstrating the need for tailored interventions, and culturally appropriate workplace interventions are needed for Latinas and other racially and ethnically diverse populations.

The role played by lipids unsaturation upon the membrane interaction of the Helicobacter pylori HP(2-20) antimicrobial peptide analogue HPA3.

Mereuta, Loredana,Luchian, Tudor,Park, Yoonkynung,Hahm, Kyung-Soo Plenum Press 2009 Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes Vol.41 No.1

<P>The HPA3 peptide is an analogue of the linear antimicrobial peptide, HP(2-20), isolated from the N-terminal region of the Helicobacter pylori ribosomal protein, able to interact with zwitterionic lipid membranes and generate pores. Herein we focused on the importance of the degree of unsaturation of lipid acyl chains on HPA3 peptide-membrane interactions. Electrophysiology experiments carried out in reconstituted lipid membranes formed from phosphatidylcholines with one (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine - POPC) and two monounsaturated acyl chains (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine - DOPC) demonstrate that the lesser degree of the packing density of membrane lipids encountered in DOPC-based planar membranes greatly enhances the electric activity of pores created by the HPA3 peptide. Data derived from fluorescence spectroscopy experiments demonstrate that upon interaction with the bilayer, the HPA3 peptide translocates to the trans-side of the membrane. From the same experiments, we demonstrate that in the case of DOPC-based planar membranes, the net amount of HPA3 peptide which passes across the membrane and re-dissolves in the trans solution is almost 22% greater than POPC-based membranes. Such data further emphasize the modulatory role played by lipid acyl chain in determining antimicrobial peptides-lipids interactions, and demonstrate that small differences in unsaturation degree can impose a sizeable influence on HPA3 peptide activity.</P>

Hedonic and utilitarian message characteristics in social networking sites. A qualitative approach

Corina Cara(코리나 카라),Tudor Tocila(투도르 토칠라) 한국외국어대학교 동유럽발칸연구소 2017 동유럽발칸연구 Vol.41 No.2

소셜 네트워킹 사이트는 점점 더 많은 기업들이 마케팅 전략을 세울 때 고려함에도 불구하고 연구되지 않은 분야이다. 이 연구의 목적은 두 가지 다른 접근법인 헤도닉 기법과 실용적 기법의 특성을 밝혀내는 것이다. 샘플은 마케팅전공 3학년인, 21세에서 23세 사이의 전형적인 SNS 사용자들 73명으로 이루어져 있다. 이 연구는 루마니아 북동부에 위치한 도시인 이아시 에서 이루어졌다. 연구 결과는 SNS 메시지가 헤도닉 혹은 실용적으로 여겨지기 위해 가지고 있어야 하는 특징들이 무엇인지를 보여준다. 이 논문은 SNS 메시지를 조사하기 위한 실험 설계를 구성하는 데에 가치 있는 시작점을 제공한다. 또한 분할 시험을 통해 여러 가지 커뮤니케이션 전략을 비교하기 위해 SNS 메시지 레이아웃을 설계해야 하는 기업들에게도 이론적 배경을 제공한다. Social Networking Sites (SNS) represents an area that is understudied, even though more and more companies consider this media when are building their marketing strategies. The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics of two different approaches, hedonic and utilitarian. The sample consists in 73 typical users of SNS, aged between 21 and 23, 3rd year marketing students, chosen based on convenience. The research was conducted in Iași, a city located in the northeast region of Romania. Results show what characteristics a SNS message should have in order to be considered hedonic or utilitarian. This paper provides valuable starting points for configuring experimental designs in order to investigate SNS messages. It also gives some theoretical background for companies that need to build SNS message layouts in order to compare different communication strategies through split tests.

Pancreatic Fistula after D1+/D2 Radical Gastrectomy according to the Updated International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery Criteria: Risk Factors and Clinical Consequences. Experience of Surgeons with High Caseloads in a Single Surgical Center in Easte

Martiniuc, Alexandru,Dumitrascu, Traian,Ionescu, Mihnea,Tudor, Stefan,Lacatus, Monica,Herlea, Vlad,Vasilescu, Catalin The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2021 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical consequences of pancreatic fistula (POPF) after D1+/D2 radical gastrectomy have not been well investigated in Western patients, particularly those from Eastern Europe. Materials and Methods: A total of 358 D1+/D2 radical gastrectomies were performed by surgeons with high caseloads in a single surgical center from 2002 to 2017. A retrospective analysis of data that were prospectively gathered in an electronic database was performed. POPF was defined and graded according to the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) criteria. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to identify potential predictors of POPF. Additionally, the impact of POPF on early complications and long-term outcomes were investigated. Results: POPF was observed in 20 patients (5.6%), according to the updated ISGPS grading system. Cardiovascular comorbidities emerged as the single independent predictor of POPF formation (risk ratio, 3.051; 95% confidence interval, 1.161-8.019; P=0.024). POPF occurrence was associated with statistically significant increased rates of postoperative hemorrhage requiring re-laparotomy (P=0.029), anastomotic leak (P=0.002), 90-day mortality (P=0.036), and prolonged hospital stay (P<0.001). The long-term survival of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma was not affected by POPF (P=0.661). Conclusions: In this large series of Eastern European patients, the clinically relevant rate of POPF after D1+/D2 radical gastrectomy was low. The presence of co-existing cardiovascular disease favored the occurrence of POPF and was associated with an increased risk of postoperative bleeding, anastomotic leak, 90-day mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. POPF was not found to affect the long-term survival of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

The Incidence of Perioperative Stroke: Estimate Using State and National Databases and Systematic Review

Rami Al-Hader,Khalid Al-Robaidi,Tudor Jovin,Ashutosh Jadhav,Lawrence R. Wechsler,Parthasarathy D. Thirumala 대한뇌졸중학회 2019 Journal of stroke Vol.21 No.3

Background and Purpose Perioperative stroke remains a devastating complication after surgical procedures, due to hemodynamic and inflammatory changes that increase the risk of strokes within 30 days following surgery. We aimed to assess the incidence of perioperative strokes in patients undergoing various surgical procedures and reach a national estimate. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using California State Inpatient Databases, State Emergency Department Databases, State Ambulatory Surgery and Services Databases, and the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) during the period 2008 to 2011 from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to obtain published articles that reported the incidence of perioperative stroke in various surgical procedures. Results Analysis of 3,694,410 surgical encounters from the state of California (mean±standard deviation age: 52.4±21.1 years) yielded an overall rate of perioperative stroke of 0.32% (n=11,759). The incidence of perioperative strokes was highest following neurological (1.25%), vascular (1.07%), and cardiac (0.98%) surgeries. The NIS database contained a total of 48,672,974 weighted hospitalizations and yielded a rate of perioperative stroke of 0.42% (n=204,549). The systematic review completed yielded 187 articles, which had an overall sample size of 184,922 and an incidence of perioperative stroke ranging from 0% to 13.86%. It is estimated that in any given year, there would be approximately 40,000 to 55,000 (0.33% to 0.46%) perioperative strokes nationally. Conclusions Our findings support further strategies to identify and stratify patients undergoing surgical procedures with a high incidence of perioperative strokes to improve patient counseling and a future potential treatment plan.