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Toshiro Ohashi,Yoshiaki Sugaya,Naoya Sakamoto,Masaaki Sato 대한의용생체공학회 2016 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.6 No.1
Purpose Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are continuouslysubjected to mechanical forces such as fluid shear stress,stretching and hydrostatic pressure. The effect of hydrostaticpressure on EC responses has not been fully understoodcompared to that of the other two stimuli. The purpose ofthis study is to assess mechanical responses of ECs to thesemechanical stimuli. Methods Bovine aortic ECs were exposed to hydrostaticpressure of 50, 100, and 150 mmHg and fluid shear stressof 3 Pa in simultaneous or successive fashion. Immunofluorescencestaining of actin filaments and VEcadherin wasthen performed to observe cell morphology and cell-celljunctions, respectively. Results The results showed that ECs subjected to 50, 100,and 150 mmHg for 24 h elongated without predominantorientation and exhibited multilayered structure, whereassimultaneous application of 50 and 100 mmHg and 3 Pa for24 h induced marked elongation and orientation of ECsparallel to the direction of flow maintaining monolayerintegrity. This monolayer integrity was lost in ECs subjectedto 150 mmHg together with 3 Pa. A successive applicationof 100 mmHg for 24 h followed by 100 mmHg and 3 Pa for24 h, indicated that the loss of monolayer integrity due tohydrostatic pressure could not be retrieved by the followingsimultaneous application. Conclusions It can be concluded that physiological shearstress of 3 Pa is dominant to physiological hydrostatic pressureup to 100 mmHg, importantly suggesting the relativecontribution of physiological hydrostatic pressure and fluidshear stress to endothelial monolayer integrity.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery for Superficial Cancer of the Uvula
Hiroyuki Odagiri,Toshiro Iizuka,Daisuke Kikuchi,Mitsuru Kaise,Hidehiko Takeda,Kenichi Ohashi,Hideo Yasunaga 대한소화기내시경학회 2016 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.49 No.3
Previous studies reported that endoscopic resection is effective for the treatment of superficial pharyngeal cancers, as for digestive tract cancers. However, the optimal treatment for superficial cancer of the uvula has not been established because of the rarity of this condition. We present two male patients in their 70s with superficial cancer of the uvula, detected with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Both patients underwent surgical resection of the uvula under general anesthesia. The extent of the lesions was determined by means of gastrointestinal endoscopy by using magnifying observation with narrow-band imaging, enabling the performance of minimally invasive surgery. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed to achieve en bloc resection of the intramucosal carcinoma that had infiltrated the area adjacent to the uvula. Gastrointestinal endoscopists should carefully examine the laryngopharynx to avoid missing superficial cancers. Our minimally invasive treatment for superficial cancer of the uvula had favorable postoperative outcomes, and prevented postoperative loss of breathing, swallowing, and articulation functions.