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Commutation Compensation Strategy for Brushless DC Motor Based on Terminal Voltage Reconstruction
Li Guidan,Zhang Tianqi,Li Bin,Fu Tongling,Duan Peihua 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.4
In the sensorless brushless DC (BLDC) motor control system, the commutation signal is the key to measure the system performance. To improve the commutation accuracy, a commutation compensation strategy based on terminal voltage reconstruction is proposed. By analyzing the commutation process, the integral of ideal terminal voltage is adopted to determine the commutation error. Then considering the voltage clamping of the freewheel diode, the actual terminal voltage is analyzed in diff erent periods. In the non-commutation period, a PWM cycle is divided into three regions, and the corresponding duration can be calculated by fl oating phase current, and then the equality of actual and ideal terminal voltage integrals is revealed. In the commutation period, the instantaneous value of back-electromotive force (back-EMF) at commutation point is used to construct the ideal terminal voltage and the commutation time is determined by the edge detection. In this way, the integral of terminal voltage can be calculated precisely. Then the error index is introduced and the relationship between the commutation error and the error index is presented. To eliminate the commutation error, the PI controller is adopted which outputs the compensation angle. The proposed strategy avoids the phase shift errors and the accumulation of integral errors, moreover the feasibility and eff ectiveness are verifi ed by simulations and experiments under diff erent conditions. In addition, the strategy can also be used to correct the installation error of Hall sensor
Yan, Lin,Li, Tongling,Zhang, Rongqin,Xu, Xiaohong,Zheng, Pengcheng The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.6
A simple HPLC method using UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of levodropropizine (LDP) In dog plasma. The sample was prepared for injection using a liquid-liquid extraction method with 1-phenypiperazine as the internal standard. The mobile phase was methanol - diethylamine solution (0.05 M) (20:80, v/v, pH adjusted to 3.0 with $H_3PO_4$) with a detection wavelength of 240 nm. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of LDP in a biological matrix was determined to be 25.25 ng/mL. The calibration curve was linear across the concentration range of 25.25 to 2020 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precision values (CV%) were within 7% and accuracy (R.E. %) was within 6% of the nominal values for medium (252.5 ng/mL) and high (2020 ng/mL) LDP concentrations. For the LDP concentration at the LOQ, the intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were within 20% and 10%, respectively. The average absolute recovery for LDP was 70.28%. This method was successfully used to analyze plasma samples in a steady-state bioavailability study of a newly developed sustained-release LDP tablets (SR) using immediate-release tablets (IR) as the reference. The relative bioavailability of the SR was determined to be $106.3\;{\pm}\;12.8%$ (n=6). The $C_{max}$ of the SR was significantly lower (p<0.05), and the $t_{max}$ was significantly longer than that of the IR (p<0.05). The results of ANOVA and two one-sided tests indicated that the SR exhibited acceptable sustained release properties and was bioequivalent to the IR.
Lin Yan,Tongling Li,Rongqin Zhang,Xiaohong Xu,Pengcheng Zheng 대한약학회 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.6
A simple HPLC method using UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of levodropropizine (LDP) in dog plasma. The sample was prepared for injection using a liquid-liquid extraction method with 1-phenypiperazine as the internal standard. The mobile phase was methanol - diethylamine solution (0.05 M) (20:80, v/v, pH adjusted to 3.0 with H3PO4) with a detection wavelength of 240 nm. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of LDP in a biological matrix was determined to be 25.25 ng/mL. The calibration curve was linear across the concentration range of 25.25 to 2020 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precision values (CV %) were within 7% and accuracy (R.E. %) was within 6% of the nominal values for medium (252.5 ng/mL) and high (2020 ng/mL) LDP concentrations. For the LDP concentration at the LOQ, the intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were within 20% and 10%, respectively. The average absolute recovery for LDP was 70.28%. This method was successfully used to analyze plasma samples in a steady-state bioavailability study of a newly developed sustained-release LDP tablets (SR) using immediate-release tablets (IR) as the reference. The relative bioavailability of the SR was determined to be 106.3 ± 12.8% (n=6). The Cmax of the SR was significantly lower (P<0.05), and the tmax was significantly longer than that of the IR (P<0.05). The results of ANOVA and two one-sided tests indicated that the SR exhibited acceptable sustained release properties and was bioequivalent to the IR.