Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid micelles assisted in situ preparation and enhanced thermoelectric performance of semiconducting polyaniline–zirconium oxide nanocomposites

Tarique Anwer,Faiz Mohammad,Mohd Omaish Ansari 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.5

Herein, we report in situ preparation of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) micelles assisted polyaniline (Pani)/zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanocomposites (Pani/ZrO2) by using K2S2O8 as an oxidizing agent. Thus prepared nanocomposites were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD and UV–vis spectropho-tometry. DBSA acted as dopant/surfactant, and the incorporation of ZrO2 nanoparticles improved the stability, electrical and thermal properties of nanocomposites. From the results of UV–vis absorbance it was observed that Pani/ZrO2 nanocomposite was more stabilized under UV light than Pani. DC electrical conductivity retention was studied by isothermal and cyclic ageing techniques and was observed to be better than Pani under ambient environmental conditions.

Silymarin, a flavonoid antioxidant, protects streptozotocin-induced lipidperoxidation and β-Cell damage in rat pancreas

Manju Sharma,Tarique Anwer,K K Pillai,Syed Ehtaishamul Haque,A K Najmi,YasminSultana 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.2

The present study is aimed at finding the influence of silymarin (a flavonoid) (25 mg/kg & 50 mg/kg) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (100 mg/kg) to 3 days old rat pups. Silymarin was administered for 15 days after the animals were confirmed diabetic (75 days after STZ injection). Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid peroxides (LPO) levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents in pancreas and liver were estimated following the established procedures. Biochemical observations were further substantiated with histological examination of pancreas. Blood glucose and HbA1c levels, which were elevated by STZ, were lowered to physiological levels by the administration of silymarin. The levels of LPO were significantly increased in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Silymarin reduced the LPO levels in both pancreas and liver. GSH contents which were reduced significantly in pancreas and liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats were brought back to near normal levels by silymarin treatment. Multifocal necrotic and degenerative changes of pancreas in STZ-diabetic rats were minimized to near normal morphology by administration of silymarin as evident by histopathological examination. Silymarin showed a dose dependent protective effect on STZ-induced β-cell damage. It could be attributed to the antioxidative and free radicals scavenging properties of the flavonoid. Thus, it may be considered as a natural antioxidant with potential therapeutic application in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The present study is aimed at finding the influence of silymarin (a flavonoid) (25 mg/kg & 50 mg/kg) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (100 mg/kg) to 3 days old rat pups. Silymarin was administered for 15 days after the animals were confirmed diabetic (75 days after STZ injection). Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid peroxides (LPO) levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents in pancreas and liver were estimated following the established procedures. Biochemical observations were further substantiated with histological examination of pancreas. Blood glucose and HbA1c levels, which were elevated by STZ, were lowered to physiological levels by the administration of silymarin. The levels of LPO were significantly increased in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Silymarin reduced the LPO levels in both pancreas and liver. GSH contents which were reduced significantly in pancreas and liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats were brought back to near normal levels by silymarin treatment. Multifocal necrotic and degenerative changes of pancreas in STZ-diabetic rats were minimized to near normal morphology by administration of silymarin as evident by histopathological examination. Silymarin showed a dose dependent protective effect on STZ-induced β-cell damage. It could be attributed to the antioxidative and free radicals scavenging properties of the flavonoid. Thus, it may be considered as a natural antioxidant with potential therapeutic application in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Silymarin, a flavonoid antioxidant, protects streptozotocin-induced lipid peroxidation and β-Cell damage in rat pancreas

Sharma, Manju,Anwer, Tarique,Pillai, K K,Haque, Syed Ehtaishamul,Najmi, A K,Sultana, Yasmin Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.2

The present study is aimed at finding the influence of silymarin (a flavonoid) (25 mg/kg & 50 mg/kg) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (100 mg/kg) to 3 days old rat pups. Silymarin was administered for 15 days after the animals were confirmed diabetic (75 days after STZ injection). Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin ($HbA_{1c}$), lipid peroxides (LPO) levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents in pancreas and liver were estimated following the established procedures. Biochemical observations were further substantiated with histological examination of pancreas. Blood glucose and $HbA_{1c}$ levels, which were elevated by STZ, were lowered to physiological levels by the administration of silymarin. The levels of LPO were significantly increased in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Silymarin reduced the LPO levels in both pancreas and liver. GSH contents which were reduced significantly in pancreas and liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats were brought back to near normal levels by silymarin treatment. Multifocal necrotic and degenerative changes of pancreas in STZ-diabetic rats were minimized to near normal morphology by administration of silymarin as evident by histopathological examination. Silymarin showed a dose dependent protective effect on STZ-induced $\beta$-cell damage. It could be attributed to the antioxidative and free radicals scavenging properties of the flavonoid. Thus, it may be considered as a natural antioxidant with potential therapeutic application in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

The combination of canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid ameliorates insulin resistance and cardiac biomarkers via modulation of inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic rats

Mohammed Mohsen Safhi,Tarique Anwer,Gyas Khan,Rahimullah Siddiqui,Sivagurunathan Moni Sivakumar,Mohammad Firoz Alam 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.5

The present study was carried out with the hypothesis that combination of canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid may have potential effect on insulin level, insulin resistance, cardiac biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines and histological studies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Type 2 DM was induced by injecting nicotinamide (120 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min before STZ (60 mg/kg) injection. Canagliflozin (5 and 10 mg/ kg) and omega-3 fatty acid (300 mg/kg) were given for 28 days after confirmation of diabetes. Biochemical estimations revealed elevated levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-R and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic group. Daily dosing of alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid slightly reduced elevated levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-R and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα), whereas canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid combination has reduced these biochemical parameters significantly when compared with diabetic group. Similarly in diabetic group the levels of cardiac biomarkers such as lipid profile, LDH, CKMB and troponin were significantly increased. Elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers were significantly reduced after daily dosing of alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid. Canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid combination has offered better improvement in cardiac biomarkers compared to alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid. Histopathological analysis also supported the above hypothesis that combination therapy (canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid) offered better protection against degenerative changes in β-cells of pancreas as compared to alone treatment with these drugs. Thus the present study revealed that canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid can be used as potential combination therapy in type 2 DM along with cardiac complication.

The combination of canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid ameliorates insulin resistance and cardiac biomarkers via modulation of inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic rats

Safhi, Mohammed Mohsen,Anwer, Tarique,Khan, Gyas,Siddiqui, Rahimullah,Sivakumar, Sivagurunathan Moni,Alam, Mohammad Firoz The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.5

The present study was carried out with the hypothesis that combination of canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid may have potential effect on insulin level, insulin resistance, cardiac biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines and histological studies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Type 2 DM was induced by injecting nicotinamide (120 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min before STZ (60 mg/kg) injection. Canagliflozin (5 and 10 mg/kg) and omega-3 fatty acid (300 mg/kg) were given for 28 days after confirmation of diabetes. Biochemical estimations revealed elevated levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-R and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic group. Daily dosing of alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid slightly reduced elevated levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-R and inflammatory cytokines ($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2, and $TNF{\alpha}$), whereas canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid combination has reduced these biochemical parameters significantly when compared with diabetic group. Similarly in diabetic group the levels of cardiac biomarkers such as lipid profile, LDH, CKMB and troponin were significantly increased. Elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers were significantly reduced after daily dosing of alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid. Canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid combination has offered better improvement in cardiac biomarkers compared to alone canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid. Histopathological analysis also supported the above hypothesis that combination therapy (canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid) offered better protection against degenerative changes in ${\beta}-cells$ of pancreas as compared to alone treatment with these drugs. Thus the present study revealed that canagliflozin and omega-3 fatty acid can be used as potential combination therapy in type 2 DM along with cardiac complication.

Attenuation of streptozotocin mediated oxidative stress, hyperglycemia and toxicity in rats by treatment with B-20 drpos - a homoeopathic preparation

Pillai, KK,Najmi, Abul K,Anwer, Tarique,Sultana, Yasmin,Sharma, Manju Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2007 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.1

The present study is aimed at finding the effect of B-20 drops, a homoeopathic formulation, in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. B-20 drops comprises of the constituents derived from plants and other natural sources, and are generally prescribed by the homoeopathic physician, in cases of hyperglycemia and diabetes. The elevated levels of fasting blood glucose and pancreatic lipid peroxides observed in rats treated with STZ were significantly reduced by the treatment of B-20 drops. The reduced liver glycogen contents were also brought back to near normal level by B-20 drops treatment in STZ diabetic rats. STZ induced histopathological changes in pancreas and liver was also partially reversed by B-20 drops. The findings indicate that B-20 drops help in improving the glycogen stores in the liver and prevents STZ induced damage through free radicals by decreasing the pancreatic lipid peroxides levels.

Protective effect of silymarin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic dyslipidaemia in rats

Manju Sharma,K. K. Pillai,Tarique Anwer,Abul Kalam Najmi,Syed Ehtaishamul Haque,Yasmin Sultana 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2010 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.10 No.3

The present study investigated the effect of silymarin, a flavonoid, on streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic dyslipidaemia in rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). Silymarin (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) was orally administered to diabetic rats for a period of 15 days. Blood glucose levels, serum lipid profile and liver glycogen levels were estimated following the established procedures. Biochemical observations were supplemented with histological examination of liver sections. Oral administration of silymarin to diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the blood glucose levels (259.99 ± 23.64 vs. 99.90 ±2.62 [25 mg] & 89.17 ± 3.32 [50 mg]). The most interesting finding was the significant (p < 0.001)increase in HDL-cholesterol levels (26.99 ± 0.61 vs. 40.55 ± 0.52 [25 mg] & 41.12 ± 0.37 [50 mg])whereas, there was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (TCh), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels observed in silymarin treated diabetic rats. STZ treatment caused significant degeneration of liver parenchyma,which was normalized to near normal morphology by administration of silymarin. The findings indicate that silymarin effectively improved the overall lipid profile and restored the glycogen stores in the liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats, in a dose dependent manner. The results indicate existence of abnormalities in lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats and suggest a protective effect of silymarin in this animal model.

Protective effect of silymarin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic dyslipidaemia in rats

Sharma, Manju,Pillai, K.K.,Anwer, Tarique,Najmi, Abul Kalam,Haque, Syed Ehtaishamul,Sultana, Yasmin Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2010 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.10 No.3

The present study investigated the effect of silymarin, a flavonoid, on streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic dyslipidaemia in rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). Silymarin (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) was orally administered to diabetic rats for a period of 15 days. Blood glucose levels, serum lipid profile and liver glycogen levels were estimated following the established procedures. Biochemical observations were supplemented with histological examination of liver sections. Oral administration of silymarin to diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the blood glucose levels ($259.99{\pm}23.64$ vs. $99.90{\pm}2.62$ [25 mg] & $89.17{\pm}3.32$ [50 mg]). The most interesting finding was the significant (p < 0.001) increase in HDL-cholesterol levels ($26.99{\pm}0.61$ vs. $40.55{\pm}0.52$ [25 mg] & $41.12{\pm}0.37$ [50 mg]) whereas, there was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (TCh), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels observed in silymarin treated diabetic rats. STZ treatment caused significant degeneration of liver parenchyma, which was normalized to near normal morphology by administration of silymarin. The findings indicate that silymarin effectively improved the overall lipid profile and restored the glycogen stores in the liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats, in a dose dependent manner. The results indicate existence of abnormalities in lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats and suggest a protective effect of silymarin in this animal model.

Attenuation of streptozotocin mediated oxidative stress, hyperglycemia andtoxicity in rats by treatment with B-20 drops - a homoeopathic preparation

Manju Sharma,KK Pillai,Abul K Najmi,Tarique Anwer,Yasmin Sultana 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2007 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.7 No.1

Free radicals are known to play important role in pathophysiology of hepatic disorders and antioxidants are employed along with other chemotherapeutic agents in treatment of such diseases. In search of natural antioxidant, successive extracts of Hypericum (H.) hookerianum (Family: Hypericaceae) were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods. Extracts of aerial parts of H. hookerianum were subjected for 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay), nitric oxide radicals scavenging assay and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Methanolic extract was found to be more active than other extracts in DPPH and in vitro TBARS assay with IC50 at 5.82 ± 1.33 μg/ml and 49.78 ± 3.79 μg/ml respectively. While petroleum ether extract showed more potentials in scavenging the nitric oxide radicals with IC50 220.97 ± 2.69 μg/ml. The administration of CCl4 to the control animals caused decrease in the level of catalase and superoxide dismutase, together with significant increase in the level of TBARS in liver and kidney. Reversal of these changes towards normal group was observed by administration of H. hookerianum methanolic extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, while other extracts were found to be less active.

Mitochondrial oxidative damage by co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen in rat testes and its amelioration by melatonin

Andleeb Khan,Mohammad F. Alam,Tarique Anwer,Razan Ayoub,Rana J. H. Bahkali,Hina Rashid,Saeed Alshahrani,Marwa Qadri,Yousra Nomier,Maryam Sageer,Mohammad Suhail Akhter The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2023 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.50 No.1

Objective: Human exposure to multiple xenobiotics, over various developmental windows, results in adverse health effects arising from these concomitant exposures. Humans are widely exposed to bisphenol A, and acetaminophen is the most commonly used over-the-counter drug worldwide. Bisphenol A is a well-recognized male reproductive toxicant, and increasing evidence suggests that acetaminophen is also detrimental to the male reproductive system. The recent recognition of male reproductive system dysfunction in conditions of suboptimal reproductive outcomes makes it crucial to investigate the contributions of toxicant exposures to infertility and sub-fertility. We aimed to identify toxicity in the male reproductive system at the mitochondrial level in response to co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and we investigated whether melatonin ameliorated this toxicity. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=10 each): a control group and groups that received melatonin, bisphenol A, acetaminophen, bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and bisphenol A and acetaminophen with melatonin treatment. Results: Significantly higher lipid peroxidation was observed in the testicular mitochondria and sperm in the treatment groups than in the control group. Levels of glutathione and the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and manganese superoxide dismutase decreased significantly in response to the toxicant treatments. Likewise, the toxicant treatments significantly decreased the sperm count and motility, while significantly increasing sperm mortality. Melatonin mitigated the adverse effects of bisphenol A and acetaminophen. Conclusion: Co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen elevated oxidative stress in the testicular mitochondria, and this effect was alleviated by melatonin.