http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Genetically Modified Rat and Its Application to Carcinogenesis study
Takashi Kuramoto 한국실험동물학회 2010 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.2
Rats have been widely used as an animal model in biomedical research. At present, to produce knockout rats, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis followed by screening for mutations within the targeted gene seems to be the most promising. We have recently produced a rat mutant archive consisting of cryopreserved sperms derived from ~5,000 ENU-mutagenized male rats and corresponding DNA samples (Mashimo et al, Nat Genet, 2008). The mutant archive is estimated to store ~2 million mutations, sufficient to identify several mutations in a particular gene of interest. From the archive, different gene-targeted rats were successfully isolated and established as disease models. For example, we have recently established a novel Apc-mutant rat strain, Kyoto Apc Delta (KAD), which carried a nonsense mutation in rat Apc exon 15. The KAD rat showed no spontaneous tumor in the gut, but showed increased susceptibility to colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate, compared with the control F344 rat (Yoshimi et al, Cancer Sci, 2009). The usefulness of the KAD rat in investigating colon carcinogenesis and developing effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of colon cancer will be discussed.
Genetic Quality Control of the Rat Strains at the National Bio Resource Project-Rat
Kuramoto, Takashi,Nakanishi, Satoshi,Yamasaki, Ken-ichi,Kumafuji, Kenta,Sakakibara, Yuichi,Neoda, Yuki,Takizawa, Akiko,Kaneko, Takehito,Otsuki, Mito,Hashimoto, Ryoko,Voigt, Birger,Mashimo, Tomoji,Seri Korean Society for Bioinformatics 2010 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.2 No.4
The National Bio Resource Project-Rat (NBRP-Rat) comprises the largest bank of laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) strains in the world. Its main focus is to develop infrastructure that will facilitate the systematic collection, preservation, and provision of rat strains. To breed effectively more than 180 rat strains in living stock, we establish the genetic control system in which a systematic set of genetic diagnoses and genetic monitoring are included. Genetic monitoring is performed by using 20 polymorphic markers. Monitoring is carried out when a living animal stock is re-established by using cryopreserved embryos or sperm or when a rat strain is first introduced to the NBRP-Rat by a depositor. Additional monitoring is then carried out on each strain every two years. Genetic diagnosis is performed largely by employing the Amp-FTA method. Protocols which detail how to perform a genetic diagnosis of 11 transgenes and 24 mutations have been made. Among the mutations, nine can be detected by simple gel electrophoresis of the PCR products, 11 by restriction enzyme treatment of the PCR products, and four by direct PCR product sequencing. Using this genetic control system, the NBRP-Rat can guarantee the genetic quality of its rat strains.
Satoshi Nakanishi,Takashi Kuramoto,Tadao Serikawa 한국실험동물학회 2009 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.25 No.1
A novel genotyping method, the Amp-FTA method, has been developed by combining the advantages of the Ampdirect® Plus and FTA® technologies. This method allowed the direct PCR amplification of DNA from unpurified blood immobilized on the FTA® card. PCR templates were prepared only by punching out the discs from the FTA® card, which could lead to a foolproof way of genotyping. The PCR products obtained could be subjected to downstream analyses such as restriction enzyme treatment and direct sequencing. The Amp-FTA method was applicable to buccal swabs collected by a simple technique minimizing distress to animals. Therefore, the Amp-FTA method is ideal for the genotyping and genetic monitoring of laboratory animals.
A distinct functional distribution of α and γ motoneurons in the rat trigeminal motor nucleus
Morita-Isogai, Yukako,Sato, Hajime,Saito, Mitsuru,Kuramoto, Eriko,Yin, Dong Xu,Kaneko, Takeshi,Yamashiro, Takashi,Takada, Kenji,Oh, Seog Bae,Toyoda, Hiroki,Kang, Youngnam Springer-Verlag 2017 BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Vol.222 No.7
<P>Gamma-motoneurons (gamma MNs) play a crucial role in regulating isometric muscle contraction. The slow jaw-closing during mastication is one of the most functional isometric contractions, which is developed by the rank-order recruitment of alpha-motoneurons (alpha MNs) in a manner that reflects the size distribution of alpha MNs. In a mouse spinal motor nucleus, there are two populations of small and large MNs; the former was identified as a population of gamma MNs based on the positive expression of the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor 3 (Err3) and negative expression of the neuronal DNA-binding protein NeuN, and the latter as that of alpha MNs based on the opposite pattern of immunoreactivity. However, the differential identification of alpha MNs and gamma MNs in the trigeminal motor nucleus (TMN) remains an assumption based on the size of cell bodies that were retrogradely stained with HRP. We here examined the size distributions of alpha MNs and gamma MNs in the dorsolateral TMN (dl-TMN) by performing immunohistochemistry using anti-Err3 and anti-NeuN antibodies. The dl-TMN was identified by immunopositivity for vesicular glutamate transporter-1. Immunostaining for choline acetyltransferase and Err3/NeuN revealed that the dl-TMN is composed of 65% alpha MNs and 35% gamma MNs. The size distribution of alpha MNs was bimodal, while that of gamma MNs was almost the same as that of the population of small alpha MNs , suggesting the presence of alpha MNs as small as gamma MNs. Consistent with the size concept of motor units, the presence of smaller jaw-closing alpha MNs was coherent with the inclusion of jaw-closing muscle fibers with smaller diameters compared to limb muscle fibers.</P>
Anti-cancer and radiation protection effects by Ganoderma Lucidum
Yeunhwa Gu,Yuka Itokawa,Fumio Kuramoto,Toshihiro Miura,Masami Oshima,Takashi Nsakamura,Toshihiro Maenaka,Torao Ishita,Kaori Tano,Takashi Masubuchi,Yuri Kurono,Hiroyuki Sekimoto,Tetsuo Takeuchi,Kyoo Se 한의병리학회 2006 대한동의병리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.9