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Confinement effectiveness of Timoshenko and Euler Bernoulli theories on buckling of microfilaments
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Mahmood, Shaid,Safeer, Muhammad,Al Naim, Abdullah F.,Ahmad, Manzoor Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.11 No.1
Rice Husk Ash (RHA) geopolymer paste activated by sodium aluminate were characterized by X-ray diffractogram (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion X-Ray analysis (EDAX)and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Five series of RHA geopolymer specimens were prepared by varying the Si/Al ratio as 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5. The paper focuses on the correlation of microstructure with hardened state parameters like bulk density, apparent porosity, sorptivity, water absorption and compressive strength. XRD analysis peaks indicates quartz, cristobalite and gibbsite for raw RHA and new peaks corresponding to Zeolite A in geopolymer specimens. In general, SEM micrographs show interconnected pores and loosely packed geopolymer matrix except for specimens made with Si/Al of 2.0 which exhibited comparatively better matrix. Incorporation of Al from sodium aluminate were confirmed with the stretching and bending vibration of Si-O-Si and O-Si-O observations from the FTIR analysis of geopolymer specimen. The dense microstructure of SA2.0 correlate into better performance in terms of 28 days maximum compressive strength of 16.96 MPa and minimum for porosity, absorption and sorptivity among the specimens. However, due to the higher water demand to make the paste workable, the value of porosity, absorption and sorptivity were reportedly higher as compared with other geopolymer systems. Correlation regression equations were proposed to validate the interrelation between physical parameters and mechanical strength. RHA geopolymer shows comparatively lower compressive strength as compared to Fly ash geopolymer.
Effects of elastic medium on buckling of microtubules due to bending and torsion
Taj, Muhammad,Hussain, Muzamal,Afsar, Muhammad A.,Safeer, Muhammad,Ahmad, Manzoor,Naeem, Muhammad N.,Badshah, Noor,Khan, Arshad,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.9 No.5
Microtubules buckle under bending and torsion and this property has been studied for free microtubules before using orthotropic elastic shell model. But as microtubules are embedded in other elastic filaments and it is experimentally showed that these elastic filaments affect the critical buckling moment and critical buckling torque of the microtubules. To prove that, we developed orthotropic Winkler like model and demonstrated that the critical buckling moment and critical buckling torque of the microtubules are orders of higher magnitude than those found for free microtubules. Our results show that Critical buckling moment is about 6.04 nNnm for which the corresponding curvature is about θ = 1.33 rad /㎛ for embedded MTs, and critical buckling torque is 0.9 nNnm for the angle of 1.33 rad/㎛. Our results well proved the experimental findings.
Instability analysis of microfilaments with and without surface effects using Euler theory
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Mahmood, Shaid,Safeer, Muhammad,Rashid, Yahya,Ahmad, Manzoor,Naeem, M. Nawaz,Asghar, Sehar,Ponnore, Joffin,Al Qahtani, Abdelaziz,Mahmoud, S.R.,Al Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.6
The study of cell components has been an active area of research since the last few decades. Cytoskeleton of the cell which gives shape and provides structure to the cell has three main components, microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Each of the cytoskeletal components is surrounded by various filamentous or the other cytoskeletal components act as a surface layer on these filaments. The stability of these components affected when cell perform various functions in the body and as a result these filaments buckle, vibrate and bend. In the present study the buckling behavior of microfilament is discussed with the effects of surface by using Euler Bernoulli beam theory and the obtained results for free and surrounded microfilament are shown in the tables and figures.
Discrimination and bifurcation analysis of tumor immune interaction in fractional form
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Rashid, Yahya,Ishaque, Waqas,Mahmoud, S.R.,Din, Qamar,Alwabli, Afaf S.,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.4
A tumor immune interaction is a main topic of interest in the last couple of decades because majority of human population suffered by tumor, formed by the abnormal growth of cells and is continuously interacted with the immune system. Because of its wide range of applications, many researchers have modeled this tumor immune interaction in the form of ordinary, delay and fractional order differential equations as the majority of biological models have a long range temporal memory. So in the present work, tumor immune interaction in fractional form provides an excellent tool for the description of memory and hereditary properties of inter and intra cells. So the interaction between effector-cells, tumor cells and interleukin-2 (IL-2) are modeled by using the definition of Caputo fractional order derivative that provides the system with long-time memory and gives extra degree of freedom. Moreover, in order to achieve more efficient computational results of fractional-order system, a discretization process is performed to obtain its discrete counterpart. Furthermore, existence and local stability of fixed points are investigated for discrete model. Moreover, it is proved that two types of bifurcations such as Neimark-Sacker and flip bifurcations are studied. Finally, numerical examples are presented to support our analytical results.
Thermal stress effects on microtubules based on orthotropic model: Vibrational analysis
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Fareed, Khurram,Safeer, Muhammad,Khedher, Khaled Mohamed,Ahmad, Manzoor,Naeem, M. Nawaz,Qazaq, Amjad,Qahtani, Abdelaziz Al,Mahmoud, S.R.,Alwabli, Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.11 No.3
Vibration of protein microtubules is investigated based upon Orthotropic Elastic Shell Model, considering the effect of thermal stresses. The complete analytical formulas of thermal vibration for microtubules are obtained. It is observed that the effects of thermal stresses on the vibrational frequency mode are more significant when the longitudinal and circumferential wave vectors are large enough. But when the length of wave vector reduces to 5 nm, these effects have no significant effects. The present results well agree with the lattice vibrations of microtubules. Moreover, the results show that the effects of thermal stresses due to small change in temperature are not so significant but with the increase in temperature its effects are obvious.
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Elbahar, Mohamed,Safeer, Muhammad,Asghar, Sehar,Mujalli, Mohammed,Qazaq, Amjad,Ahmad, Monzoor,Elaloui, Elimame,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.6
An isotropic Pasternak-Like model is considered to elaborate the behavior of electric potential of neural tissue when immersed within elastic medium. Special attention is paid to the non dimensionlization of the parameters of the surrounding elastic medium. We found that shear layer potential per unit area and is the Winkler foundation-like constant, are two constants of Pasternak-like model and they actually effect on the potential of neural tissue. It is found that elastic medium affects the potential behavior of neural tissue. Elastic medium effect on the potential behavior of neural tissue is due to the Pasternak foundation parameters. Therefore the surrounding medium affects the potential of neural tissue during its transportation of functioning.
Effects of nonlocal parameter on bending of Intermediate filaments: Formulation of Euler beam theory
Taj, Muhammad,Hussain, Muzamal,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Baili, Jamel,Khedher, Khaled Mohamed,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.12 No.6
Cell components play vital role within the cell when the cell under goes deformation. These components are microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Intermediate filaments are like thread and are of different types. Like microtubules and microfilaments these components also undergo the deformation and their dynamics affected when change occurs within cell. In the present study, bending of intermediate filaments are studied keeping the nonlocal effects under consideration. It is observed that the nonlocal parameter has a great impact on the dynamics of intermediate filaments. This study is made by the application of Euler beam theory.
Taj Muhammad Khan,Tauseef Shahid,Rana I. Shakoor 대한금속·재료학회 2015 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.11 No.3
We report the successful synthesis of polycrystalline CdO nanomaterials at various process temperatures in the range from (180°C - 300°C) by a single step, conventionally simple and cost effective approach. The approach is based on hydroxide melts as solvents and termed as composite-hydroxide-mediated (CHM) approach. The effect of growth temperature on particle nucleation and consequently on the fabrication and purity of CdO nanostructures is investigated for a constant reaction time (24 h). As revealed by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, CdO nanostructures can be reproduced in high purity with no traces by varying the synthesis temperature. These nanostructures have random orientations and non-uniform distribution with average crystallite sizes varying from 27 nm down to 7 nm. A study of the optical properties, based on photoluminescence, has demonstrated that emission peaks of CdO nanomaterials are centered at 491 nm and 528 nm which signifies purity of the product from the CHM approach. The direct bandgap determined for CdO (2.49 eV - 2.51 eV) exhibits a blue-shift with process temperature. The photoluminescence peak at 491 nm is attributed to near band-edge emission. Based on experimental results size and morphology manipulation, and possible growth mechanisms for the synthesized product are proposed with CHM at low temperature and without surfactant.
Mechanics of anisotropic cardiac muscles embedded in viscoelastic medium
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed Amine,Hussain, Muzamal,Ghandourah, E.,Safeer, Muhammad,Elbahar, Mohamed,Khan, Manzoor,Elimame, Elaloui Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.12 No.1
In the present work the author incorporated the surrounding medium with Hodgkin Huxley model to account the effect of surroundings on the flow of current in cardiac muscles fibers. The Hodgkin Huxley Kelvin like model is developed here and then the governing equations are solved by appropriate mathematical methods and the obtained results are compared with the previous experimental findings. Through obtained solutions, we check the mechanical properties in actual environment of cardiac muscles fibres and compare our findings with experimental results. Previous Hodgkin Huxley model did not give any idea about the medium, in which the cardiac muscles are immersed. The new developed model accounts the effect of medium efficiently on the current flow along with fiber's stimulation in cardiac muscles.
An investigation of mechanical properties of kidney tissues by using mechanical bidomain model
Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Elbahar, Mohamed,Ahmad, Monzoor,Elimame, Elaloui,Zaman, Shakeel ul,Tounsi, Abdelouahed Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.11 No.2
In this study, mechanical bidomain model is used to study the mechanical behavior of kidney tissues. This model has been used widely to study cardiac tissue and cell colony. On recognizing same structural and somehow same physiological relationship between cardiac tissue and kidney tissue, the displacements in different regions of kidney and the integrins, i. e., nephron coupling the intracellular medulla and extracellular cortex is analyzed. The mechanical Bidomain model provides a microscopic description of kidney tissue mechanics and also predicts the microscopic coupling of extracellular cells region of kidney tissue, i.e., cortex and the intracellular cells region medulla of kidney.