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Human Reliability Assessment Methods to Apply Offshore Platform Activities
( Taezoon Park ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
Human Error is known to be one of the primary reason for catastrophic accidents. Especially, in a complex and high-risk industries, such as, offshore oil and gas production, the importance of human errors and human reliability is critical both in operation and maintenance. Human reliability analysis methods were established and evolved mostly under the context of nuclear power plant operations. However, the outcome of human reliability analysis methods was a wide spectrum from satisfactory to unsatisfactory. Even in a nuclear power plant, the performance of each reliability analysis method is varying since the work context is different. Thus, the matching between the context and method is critical in germinating a meaningful outcome. In this study, a systematic review was performa on a series of human reliability analysis methods, and come up with a matrix of matching the work context in offshore platform and human reliability analysis method. The classification of human reliability analysis method followed the existing 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation scheme, and the work context was adopted fromt he task analysis of offshore platform workers.
Effect of human errors on patient safety-a case study in Singapore hospital
Taezoon Park 대한인간공학회 2011 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
Objective: This study aims to build a human factors problem reporting system which can identify potential risks in hospitals and proactively remove them beforehand in order to achieve a sustainable improvement on the patient safety and quality of care by continuous enhancement. Background: One of the most prevalent methods for preventing adverse event caused by human errors is a root cause analysis on the reported adverse events to identify the weak point of the system. However, the root cause analysis after an incident has a problem of hindsight bias and limitation on proactive prevention of adverse events. Prevention of adverse event caused by human error should have a form of continuous improvement in order to ensure sustainable enhancement. Method: Human factors problem reporting system was devised and exercised as a pilot study for 3 months in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. The reporting system has a structured survey form covering major areas of human factors related problems identified in healthcare. Results: Total number of 917 reports collected from 20 different wards in the hospital effectively captured both common problems across different wards and unique problems specific to each department. Conclusion: The proposed human factors problem reporting system showed enough potential to detect latent problems typically not captured by the mandatory adverse event reporting system. Although the causality of the identified human factors issues with the adverse events was not secured, it showed a good chance of opportunity to be used as a preventive intervention for potential errors. Application: Human factors problem reporting system can be combined with the continuous efforts of improving the healthcare quality and ensure patient safety together.
Communication and Cultural Factors Influencing Human Performance and Errors in Ship Navigation
Taezoon Park 대한인간공학회 2017 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.36 No.6
Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the performance and errors of seafarers when navigating a ship. Background: Similar to other complex systems, human error is regarded as one of the most important contributing factors in ship accidents. That is natural because the reliability of electrical/mechanical systems is getter better as technology advances whereas the human performance remains the same as before. Previous research showed that socio-technical systems influence on the performance of operators in many ways. Factors including organization structure, workplace culture, and social distances may influence on the system performance and reliability. Those factors determines the communication style and hierarchical structures that make the organizational structure either flexible or rigid. Method: A survey was conducted asking primary factors involved in accidents happened during navigation. Total number of 106 respondents represents a range of experience and nationality: from 22 countries across 5 continents. Questionnaire has three parts asking overall problems, communication issues, and cultural problems. Participants rated the perceived severity of each problems by 5-point Likert scale. Results: Overall the most serious human factors related issues in maritime operations are communication failure, lack of situation awareness, and improper training. Especially for the communications, contents organization and equipment failure are listed as serious problems. Language proficiency also worked as a barrier for correct and efficient communications. On the other hand, senior officer’s rejection of suggestions from juniors was the most serious problem in workplace cultures. Strong hierarchy and blame culture are also listed as problems. Conclusion: Although marine industry has started to notice the impact of human factors on the system safety and reliability, the importance of them is not well appreciated yet. As majorities of seafarers acknowledge the importance of human related issues, implementation and execution of safety guidelines and building up the safety culture are critically important for the safe ship operations. Application: Findings of this paper can help choosing training topics for new and experienced seafarers. Teamwork and bridge resource management training can benefit by organizing topics for mitigating serious issues identified in this study.
Emotional Analysis of Human Motion for the Silver Robots
Euijung Yang,Wonil Hwang,Taezoon Park,Jihong Hwang 대한인간공학회 2011 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the preferred human motions and their physical characteristics to design silver robots for the elderly. Background: In the aging society, special cares for the elderly is needed these days. One of the alternatives for caring the elderly is the silver robot. Silver robots' appearance, speech, and haptic elements are actively studied for improving the interaction with the elderly. However there are few studies regarding the robot's motions. Proper motions of silver robots could be designed through investigating the human motions preferred by elderly. Method: Two-phased empirical study was conducted in order to investigate human motions preferred by the elderly. In the first phase, four representative human motions, such as 'greeting', 'I don't know', 'positive answer', and 'giving', were captured through 28 body makers and video recording. 10 young (5 males, 5 females) and 6 elderly (3 males, 3 females) people participated in the motion capture process. In the second phase, the communication efficiency, emotion, and satisfaction of the human motions recorded in the first phase were measured by the questionnaire and 30 elderly people participated. Results: In terms of communication efficiency and satisfaction, female motions were preferred and the elderly motion for 'positive answer' behavior was preferred, whereas the young motions were preferred for the other 3 behaviors. As for the emotion, female motions and young motions were preferred in terms of 'friendliness'. Conclusion: Silver robots need to be designed reflecting the characteristics of human motions preferred by the elderly. Specifically female motions characterized by torso and shoulder motions, and young motions characterized by rapid and big motions need to be considered for the silver robots' design.