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Nemestó,thy, Ná,ndor,Bakonyi, Pé,ter,Szentgyö,rgyi, Eszter,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Nguyen, Dinh Duc,Chang, Soon Woong,Kim, Sang-Hyoun,Bé,lafi-Bakó,, Katalin Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.185 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, the enrichment of methane by membrane technology was studied by employing (i) a model as well as (ii) a real biogas mixture produced on a laboratory-scale. Thereafter, the endurance of the process was tested at an existing biogas plant. The commercial gas separation module under investigation contained hollow fiber membranes with a polyimide selective layer. During the measurements, the effect of critical factors (including the permeate-to-feed pressure ratio and the splitting factor) was sought in terms of the (i) CH<SUB>4</SUB> content on the retentate-side and (ii) CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery, which are important measures of biogas upgrading efficiency. The results indicated that a retentate with 93.8 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB> – almost biomethane (>95 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB>) quality – could be obtained using the model gas (consisting of 80 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB> and 20 vol% of CO<SUB>2</SUB>) along with 77.4% CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery in the single-stage permeation system. However, in the case of the real biogas mixture, ascribed primarily to inappropriate N<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> separation, the peak methane concentration noted was only 80.7 vol% with a corresponding 76% CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery. Besides, longer-term experiments revealed the adequate time-stability of membrane purification, suggesting such a process is feasible under industrial conditions for the improvement of biogas quality.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Membrane gas separation was applied for biogas enrichment. </LI> <LI> Polyimide membrane was investigated to deliver biomethane. </LI> <LI> Significant variables affecting membrane performance were evaluated. </LI> <LI> Process efficiency was dependent on gas composition (model vs. real biogas). </LI> <LI> The gas permeation was steady in longer-terms using real biogas mixture. </LI> </UL> </P>