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Swaminathan Prabu,A. Sultan Nasar,Chickiyan Sivakumar 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.9
In this work, salicylic acid based hyperbranched polyester (HBPE) was synthesized by simple condensation method. The transformation from aliphatic nature to aromatic nature of polymer in the subsequent reaction steps were identified using FTIR and NMR results. The predictable structure and the molecular weight of the polymer were established with the help of LC-MS analysis. The amorphous nature, lowest glass transition temperature (~31 oC) and thermal behaviour of the polymer were traced using DSC and TGA. The polymer displayed the fluorescence maxima in the 450-525 nm range with relatively narrow peak widths indicating that they had pure and intense fluorescence. The antimicrobial activity of the salicylic acid based HBPE was evaluated against the Gram negative organisms like Escherichia coli and Salmonella paratyphi, Gram positive organisms as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and fungi such as Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial effect of polymer showed better efficiency than standard antibiotic drug such as Ciprofloxacin and Clotrimazole for both bacteria and fungi respectively except in the case of microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration value of the polymer against Bacillus subtilis was tested and found to be 31.25 μg mL-1.
FUZZY COMPACTNESS, FUZZY REGULARITY VIA FUZZY MAXIMAL OPEN AND FUZZY MINIMAL CLOSED SETS
SWAMINATHAN, A.,SIVARAJA, S. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2022 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.40 No.1-2
The aim of this article is to define fuzzy maximal open cover and discuss its few properties. we also defined and study fuzzy m-compact space and discussed its properties. Also we obtain few more results on fuzzy minimal c-regular and fuzzy minimal c-normal spaces. We have proved that a fuzzy Haussdorff m-compact space is fuzzy minimal c-normal.
SOMEWHAT PAIRWISE FUZZY PRE-IRRESOLUTE CONTINUOUS MAPPINGS
SWAMINATHAN, A. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2016 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.34 No.5
The concept of somewhat pairwise fuzzy pre-irresolute continuous mapping and somewhat pairwise fuzzy irresolute preopen mappings have been introduced and studied. Besides, some interesting properties of those mappings are given.
MORE ON FUZZY MAXIMAL, MINIMAL OPEN AND CLOSED SETS
SWAMINATHAN, A.,SIVARAJA, S. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2021 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.39 No.3
This article is devoted to introduce the notion of fuzzy cleanly covered fuzzy topological spaces; in addition two strong fuzzy separation axioms are studied. By means of fuzzy maximal open sets some properties of fuzzy cleanly covered fuzzy topological spaces are obtained and also by means of fuzzy maximal closed sets few identical results of a fuzzy topological spaces are investigated. Through fuzzy minimal open and fuzzy maximal closed sets, two strong fuzzy separation axioms are discussed.
HESITANT FUZZY PARAOPEN AND HESITANT FUZZY MEAN OPEN SETS
SWAMINATHAN, A.,SIVARAJA, S. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2022 Journal of applied and pure mathematics Vol.4 No.3/4
The aim of this article is to introduce hesitant fuzzy paraopen and hesitant fuzzy mean open sets in hesitant fuzzy topological spaces. Moreover we investigate and extend some properties of hesitant fuzzy mean open with hesitant fuzzy paraopen, hesitant fuzzy minmimal open and maximal open sets in hesitant fuzzy topological spaces.
ON FUZZY MAXIMAL, MINIMAL AND MEAN OPEN SETS
SWAMINATHAN, A.,SIVARAJA, S. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2022 Journal of applied and pure mathematics Vol.4 No.1/2
We have observed that there exist certain fuzzy topological spaces with no fuzzy minimal open sets. This observation motivates us to investigate fuzzy topological spaces with neither fuzzy minimal open sets nor fuzzy maximal open sets. We have observed if such fuzzy topological spaces exist and if it is connected are not fuzzy cut-point spaces. We also study and characterize certain properties of fuzzy mean open sets in fuzzy T<sub>1</sub>-connected fuzzy topological spaces.
Swaminathan Detchanamurthy,Peter Alan Gostomski 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.5
One of the biggest challenges in a traditional biofilter is to overcome the low volumetric degradation rate, which often makes the footprint excessive. The volumetric degradation rate or elimination capacity (EC) is directly influenced by the specific biodegradation rate of the microorganisms involved in degrading the pollutants. Application of metabolic uncouplers in biofiltration could improve the biodegradation rate of microorganisms, which in turn could increase the EC. The addition of metabolic uncouplers to the growth system decreases the biomass growth whereas in energy-excess, non-growth systems like biofiltration, it is expected to increase the specific substrate uptake rate since the substrate requirement for maintenance energy should increase, which in turn should increase the EC. Seven potential metabolic uncouplers were screened in batch serum bottles and subsequently tested in a continuous biofilter reactor with soil as the biofilter medium. The metabolic uncouplers tested were benzoic acid, carbonylcyanide p-trifluoromethoxy phenylhydrazone (FCCP), carbonylcyanide m-chloromethoxy phenylhydrazone (CCCP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), malonic acid, 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol (TCP) and m-chlorophenol (mCP). Only PCP and 2, 4, 6-TCP increased the toluene degradation rate significantly. PCP increased the toluene degradation rate by 35% at 140 μM, whereas 4051 μM TCP increased the rate by 18%. FCCP did not significantly affect the degradation rate and the other metabolic uncouplers decreased the degradation rate.
Swaminathan, S.,Lee, Y.S.,Kim, D.I. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 Journal of Power Sources Vol.327 No.-
To ensure the best performance of solid oxide fuel cell metallic interconnects, the Fe-22 wt.% Cr ferritic stainless steels with various La contents (0.006-0.6 wt.%) and Cu addition (1.57 wt.%), are developed. Long-term isothermal oxidation behavior of these steels is investigated in air at 800 <SUP>o</SUP>C, for 2700 h. Chemistry, morphology, and microstructure of the thermally grown oxide scale are examined using XPS, SEM-EDX, and XRD techniques. Broadly, all the steels show a double layer consisting of an inner Cr<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and outer (Mn, Cr)<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. Distinctly, in the La-added steels, binary oxides of Cr, Mn and Ti are found at the oxide scale surface together with (Mn, Cr)<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. Furthermore, all La-varied steels possess the metallic Fe protrusions along with discontinuous (Mn, Cr)<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> spinel zones at the oxide scale/metal interface and isolated precipitates of Ti-oxides in the underlying matrix. Increase of La content to 0.6 wt.% is detrimental to the oxidation resistance. For the Cu-added steel, Cu is found to segregate strongly at the oxide scale/metal interface which inhibits the ingress of oxygen thereby suppressing the subscale formation of (Mn, Cr)<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. Thus, Cu addition to the Fe-22Cr ferritic stainless steels benefits the oxidation resistance.
Comparison on Properties and Efficiency of Bacterial and Electrospun Cellulose Nanofibers
Swaminathan Jiji,Sukumar Thenmozhi,Krishna Kadirvelu 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.12
Cellulose nanofibers were prepared from bacterial synthesis (bottom up approach) and electrospinning technique (top down method). Significant differences are noticed between bacterial (BC) and electrospun cellulose nanofibers (EC) in their properties such as diameter of fibers, decomposition temperature, surface area and mechanical strength. Filtration of cadmium oxide micro-particles and Staphylococcus aureus bio-aerosol using BC and EC was prominently influenced by their properties. Furthermore, in-vitro release of sparingly water soluble drug, ibuprofen was carried out using BC and EC as carrier materials.
SOME REMARKS ON FUZZY MEAN OPEN, CLOSED AND CLOPEN SETS
SWAMINATHAN, A.,SANKARI, M. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2021 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.39 No.5
The purpose of this article is to study few properties of fuzzy mean open and fuzzy mean closed sets in fuzzy topological spaces. Further, the idea of fuzzy mean clopen set is introduced. It is observed that a fuzzy mean clopen set is both fuzzy mean open and fuzzy mean closed but the converse is not true.