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Sungi Jang,채희엽,Chang-Koo Kim,정동근,김형섭 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.3
The electrical characteristics of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) were improved by lowpower oxygen plasma processing of an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface at an elevated temperature of 500 C in this work. ITO is widely used as a transparent electrode in light-emitting devices, and OLED device performance is sensitive to the surface properties of ITO. In this research, a simultaneously oxygen-plasma and thermally treated ITO surface showed better device performance than an oxygen-plasma-treated ITO surface in terms of current density, brightness, and power efficiency. OLED devices with the structure of ITO/TPD/Alq3/LiF/Al were fabricated, and the surface properties of ITO were investigated by using various characterization techniques. The work function of the modified ITO, as determined by using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), increased from 4.70 to 5.17 eV. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed an oxygen fraction change from 59.9 % to 70.1 % after the surface treatment. Based on the measurements, we conclude that hole injection is improved due to the high electronegativity of the oxygen adsorbed on the ITO surface. The XPS analysis also showed that the surface carbon composition decreased from 15.1 % to 4.67 % after the surface treatment. A reduction in carbon contamination is also attributed to the improvement in the electrical characteristics. Thus, we demonstrated that simultaneous oxygen plasma and thermal treatment is a proper way for improving the electrical characteristics of OLED devices.
정동근,박근희,Geumjoo Kim,손선영,Sungi Jang,채희엽,김형섭,이준신,Min-Hye Kim,권영욱 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.3
The effects of CF4 plasma treatment on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) surfaces in polymer solar cells are reported. The polymer solar cell consisted of indium-tin-oxide (ITO), poly (styrene sulfonate)-doped poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT : PSS, 26 nm), a mixture of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) (70 nm), LiF (1 nm) and Al (80 nm), which served, respectively, as an anode, a hole-transport layer, a photo- active layer, a cathode interfacial layer and a cathode. The device with CF4 plasma treatment showed an improved power conversion efficiency under AM 1.5 solar illumination (100 mW/cm2). The admittance analysis showed that treating the ITO surface with CF4 plasma could improve the performance of the device because the contact resistance was decreased. This suggested that CF4 treatment of ITO can enhance hole transport across the polymer/ITO interface due to the increased work function of the F-containing ITO surface.