Management of Regional Lymph Nodes in Localized Vulvar Carcinoma

Won Il Jang(장원일),Hong-Gyun Wu(우홍균),Charn Il Park(박찬일),Sung Whan Ha(하성환),Hyo Pyo Lee(이효표),Soon Beom Kang(강순범),Yong Sang Song(송용상) 대한방사선종양학회 2008 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.26 No.1

목 적: 외음부 암환자에서 국소영역 치료실패에 대한 수술 후 방사선치료의 영향을 평가하고 임상적으로 림프절이 전 이가 없는 환자들에서 서혜부 림프절에 대한 치료방침을 결정해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1979년 10월부터 2004년 6월까지 서울대학교병원에서 일차성 외음부 암으로 치료를 받은 환자 66명에 대해 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 이들 중에서 원격전이가 있는 2명, 고식적 목적으로 치료를 받은 6명, 이전에 골반부위 방사선 치료의 병력이 있는 3명, 추적관찰이 탈락된 4명, 의무기록이 불충분한 1명을 포함하여 16명의 환자들은 이번 분석에서 제외되었다. 50 명 중에 수술만 받은 환자가 35명, 수술과 방사선 치료를 받은 환자가 10명, 방사선 치료만을 받은 환자가 5명이었다. 결 과: 5년 전체 생존율과 무병 생존율은 각각 91%, 78%였다. 12명(26%)에서 치료 실패를 보였으며, 국소 실패가 8명, 영역림프절 전이가 3명, 원격 전이가 1명이었다. 수술과 방사선치료를 같이 받은 환자들이 수술만을 받은 환자들보다 위험요인을 더 많이 가지고 있었지만, 무병 생존율은 두 집단에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(5년무병 생존율 78% vs. 83%, p=0.66). 잠재성 림프절 전이의 빈도는 10%였다. 임상적으로 림프절 전이가 없었던 31명의 환자들 중에서 10명은 서혜부 림프절 절제술을 받지 않았지만, 이들 중에서 영역림프절 전이를 경험한 사람은 아무도 없었다. 결 론: 치료실패의 위험요인을 가진 외음부 암자들에게 수술 후 방사선 치료는 잠재적인 이점을 가지고 있다. 임상적으로 림프절 전이가 없는 위험도가 낮은 환자들에게는 서혜부 림프절 절제술을 하지 않는 것이나 서혜부 림프절에 대해 예방적 방사선치료를 하는 것에 대해서 고려해 볼 수 있겠다. Purpose: To evaluate the impact of postoperative radiotherapy on loco-regional failure in patients with vulvar carcinoma and to determine the treatment strategy for inguinal lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients who received treatment for primary vulvar carcinoma at Seoul National University Hospital, from October 1979 through June 2004, were retrospectively analyzed. Sixteen patients were excluded from the analysis due to the following reasons: distant metastases in two patients; palliative intent for six patients; previous radiotherapy given to the pelvis in three patients; follow-up loss after surgery for four patient; insufficient medical records for one patient. Of 50 eligible patients, 35 were treated with surgery alone (S), ten were treated with surgery followed by radiotherapy (S+RT), and five were treated with radiotherapy alone. Results: The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of all patients were 91% and 78%, respectively. Twelve patients (26%) experienced treatment failures and the sites of initial failure were as follows: a primary site in eight patients; regional lymph nodes in three patients; the lung in one patient. Although risk factors for failure were more common in the S+RT group than the S group of patients (p <0.05), the DFS rates were similar for the two groups (5-year DFS rates, 78% vs. 83%, p=0.66). The incidences of occult lymph node metastases was 10%. Ten of 31 patients with clinically negative lymph nodes did not received inguinal lymph node dissection, but no patient experienced regional failure. Conclusion: Postoperative radiotherapy may have a potential benefit for patients with risk factors for failure. The omission of inguinal dissection or elective radiotherapy to the inguinal lymph nodes may be considered in low-risk patients with clinically negative lymph nodes.

Simultaneous quantification of six nonpolar ginsenosides in white ginseng by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with integrated pulsed amperometric detection

Song, Hyeyoung,Song, Kyung-Won,Hong, Seon-Pyo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

Background: White ginseng consists of the roots and rhizomes of the Panax species, and red ginseng is made by steaming and drying white ginseng. While red ginseng has both polar and nonpolar ginsenosides, previous studies showed white ginseng to have only polar ginsenosides. Because nonpolar ginsenosides are formed through the manufacture of red ginseng from white ginseng, researchers have generally thought that nonpolar ginsenosides do not exist in white ginseng. Methods: We developed a simultaneous quantitative method for six nonpolar ginsenosides in white ginseng using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with integrated pulsed amperometric detection. The nonpolar ginsenosides of white ginseng were extracted for 4 h under reflux with 50% methanol. Results: Using the gradient elution system, all target components were completely separated within 50 min. Nonpolar ginsenosides were determined in the rhizome head (RH), main root (MR), lateral root, and hairy root (HR) of 6-year-old white ginseng samples obtained from several regions (Geumsan, Punggi, and Kanghwa). The total content in the HR of white ginseng was 37.8-56.8% of that in the HR of red ginseng. The total content in the MR of white ginseng was 5.9-24.3% of that in the MR of red ginseng. In addition, the total content in the RH of white ginseng was 28.5-35.8% of that in the HR of red ginseng Conclusion: It was confirmed that nonpolar ginsenosides known to be specific components of red ginseng were present at substantial concentrations in the HR or RH of white ginseng.

Clinical significance of delta neutrophil index in the differential diagnosis between septic arthritis and acute gout attack within 24 hours after hospitalization

Pyo, Jung Yoon,Kim, Dae Sik,Jung, Seung Min,Song, Jason Jungsik,Park, Yong-Beom,Lee, Sang-Won,Lai., Jenn-Haung Williams & Wilkins Co 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.30

<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The most important differential diagnoses of acute monoarticular arthritis are septic arthritis and acute gout attack. Identifying infection is crucial in preventing the devastating outcome of septic arthritis. The delta neutrophil index (DNI) is a value that corresponds to the fraction of circulating immature granulocytes. As DNI reflects the burden of infection, we evaluated this index as a differentiating marker between septic arthritis and acute gout attack.</P><P>The medical records of 149 patients with septic arthritis and 194 patients with acute gout attack were reviewed. A specific cell analyzer, ADVIA 2120, was used to measure DNI. Clinical and laboratory markers associated with predicting septic arthritis were assessed by using logistic regression.</P><P>Patients with septic arthritis showed higher levels of DNI than those with acute gout attack (3.3 vs 0.6%, <I>P</I> < .001). Similar results were observed in patients without monosodium urate (MSU) crystal confirmation or those with normouricemia (3.3 vs 0.5 and 3.1 vs 0.7%, respectively; <I>P</I> < .001 for both). A DNI level of 1.9% was determined as the cutoff value for predicting septic arthritis. In the multivariate analysis, DNI was the most powerful independent value for predicting septic arthritis (odds ratio 14.003).</P><P>This study showed the possibility of using DNI as a differentiating marker between septic arthritis and acute gout attack at the crucial early phase. DNI showed its relevance regardless of confirmation of MSU crystal deposition or serum level of uric acid.</P></▼2>

Students’ perceptions of the impact of video lectures with embedded quiz questions on e-learning in dentistry

( Won-pyo Lee ),( Joo-hun Song ) 조선대학교 치의학연구원(구 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소) 2021 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.45 No.2

During the COVID-19 pandemic, e-learning has become more prevalent in dental education. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of video lectures with embedded quiz questions. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the preferences of each educational method for dental students (n=70) who took all three lecture types (offline lecture, Group 1; video lecture without embedded quiz, Group 2; and video lecture with embedded quiz, Group 3). In terms of other behaviors that imply the nonacademicrelated activities, Group 2 was significantly the highest, whereas in terms of lecture flow, it was the lowest. In terms of learning motivation and learning confidence, Group 3 lecture type was significantly preferred. In terms of communication with professor and communication with students, Group 1 was the most preferred, but there was no significant difference compared with Group 3. In terms of overall lecture satisfaction, Group 3 lecture type was significantly the highest. The e-learning method using video lectures with embedded quiz questions could be an effective alternative to traditional offline lectures in dental education.

Cloning and Characterization of UV-B Inducible Chalcone Synthase from Grape Cell Suspension Culture System and Its Expression Compared with Stilbene Synthase

Song, Won-Yong,In, Jun-Gyo,Lim, Yong-Pyo,Park, Kwan-Sam Korean Society of Potoscience 2000 Journal of Photosciences Vol.7 No.2

We performed the cloning of a chalcone synthase (CHS) gene, the key enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis, from the cDNA library constructed with grape suspension cells irradiated UV-B. The PCR fragment was used to cloning the CHS gene. One CHS cDNA clone containing an open reading frame and a partial stilbene synthase (STS)cDNA, the stilbene-type phytoalexin, were isolated. The CHS cDNA clone (VCHS) showed 87% sequence homology with VvCHS (V.vinifea) and 72.3% identity with VSTSY(V.vinifea). its amino acid sequences were longer than any other CHS genes as 454 residues. Two genes were weakly expressed in white light irradiated cells, but highly induced in UV-B irradiated condition during 32 hours. Interestingly, the STS was quickly and abundantly expressed from 2 hours when supplemented with jasmonic acid (JA) and the maximum expression was observed at 4 hours and then gradually decreased. But, the additional UV-B or white light quickly degraded the STS expression than only JA treated grape suspension cells. The CHS also was rapidly induced with JA and the synergistical effect was observed at the addigional light treatment of UV-B or white light. These results are indicated that CHS and STS have different response mechanisms against the environmental stresses.

Protective effects of Fc-fused PD-L1 on two different animal models of colitis

Song, Mi-Young,Hong, Chun-Pyo,Park, Seong Jeong,Kim, Jung-Hwan,Yang, Bo-Gie,Park, Yunji,Kim, Sae Won,Kim, Kwang Soon,Lee, Ji Yeung,Lee, Seung-Woo,Jang, Myoung Ho,Sung, Young-Chul BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2015 Gut Vol.64 No.2

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been shown to negatively regulate immune responses via its interaction with PD-1 receptor. In this study, we investigated the effects of PD-L1-Fc treatment on intestinal inflammation using two murine models of inflammatory colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and T-cell transfer.</P><P><B>Design</B></P><P>The anti-colitis effect of adenovirus expressing Fc-conjugated PD-L1 (Ad/PD-L1-Fc) and recombinant PD-L1-Fc protein was evaluated in DSS-treated wild-type and Rag-1 knockout (KO) mice. We examined differentiation of T-helper cells, frequency of innate immune cells, and cytokine production by dendritic cells (DCs) in the colon from DSS-treated mice after PD-L1-Fc administration. In Rag-1 KO mice reconstituted with CD4 CD45RB<SUP>high</SUP> T cells, we assessed the treatment effect of PD-L1-Fc protein on the development of colitis.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Administration of Ad/PD-L1-Fc significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, which was accompanied by diminished frequency of interleukin (IL)-17A-producing CD4 T cells and increased interferon-γ-producing CD4 T cells in the colon of DSS-fed mice. The anti-colitic effect of PD-L1-Fc treatment was also observed in DSS-treated Rag-1 KO mice, indicating lymphoid cell independency. PD-L1-Fc modulated cytokine production by colonic DCs and the effect was dependent on PD-1 expression. Furthermore, PD-L1-Fc protein could significantly reduce the severity of colitis in CD4 CD45RB<SUP>high</SUP> T-cell-transferred Rag-1 KO mice.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Based on the protective effect of PD-L1-Fc against DSS-induced and T-cell-induced colitis, our results suggest that PD-1-mediated inhibitory signals have a crucial role in limiting the development of colonic inflammation. This implicates that PD-L1-Fc may provide a novel therapeutic approach to treat inflammatory bowel disease.</P>

Low-level laser therapy induces the expressions of BMP-2, osteocalcin, and TGF-β1 in hypoxic-cultured human osteoblasts.

Pyo, Se-Jeong,Song, Won-Wook,Kim, In-Ryoung,Park, Bong-Soo,Kim, Cheul-Hong,Shin, Sang-Hun,Chung, In-Kyo,Kim, Yong-Deok Baillière Tindall ; Springer London 2013 Lasers in medical science Vol.28 No.2

<P>The aim of this study was to examine the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the cell viability and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1s (HIF-1s), bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), osteocalcin, type I collagen, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and Akt in hypoxic-cultured human osteoblasts. Human fetal osteoblast cells (cell line 1.19) were cultured under 1?% oxygen tension for 72?h. Cell cultures were divided into two groups. At the experimental side, low-level laser (808?nm, GaAlAs diode) was applied at 0, 24, and 48?h. After irradiation, each cell culture was incubated 24?h more under hypoxia. Total energy was 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6?J/cm(2), respectively. Non-irradiated cultures served as controls. Comparisons between the two groups were analyzed by t test; a p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Hypoxia resulted in a decrease in the expression of type I collagen, osteocalcin, and TGF-β1 (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.01, respectively). Cell viability and BMP-2 expression were not decreased by hypoxic condition. On the other hand, LLLT on hypoxic-cultured osteoblast promoted the expression of BMP-2, osteocalcin, and TGF-β1 (p?<?0.05, p?<?0.01, and p?<?0.001, respectively). Cell proliferation was also increased time-dependently. However, hypoxia decreased in type I collagen expression (p?<?0.001), and LLLT did not affect type I collagen expression in hypoxic-cultured osteoblasts. Furthermore, LLLT inhibited HIF-1 and Akt expression in hypoxic conditioned osteoblasts. We concluded that LLLT induces the expression of BMP-2, osteocalcin, and TGF- β1 in 1?% hypoxic-cultured human osteoblasts.</P>

Oxidative stress from reflux esophagitis to esophageal cancer: the alleviation with antioxidants

Song, Ji Hyun,Han, Young-Min,Kim, Won Hee,Park, Jong-Min,Jeong, Migyeong,Go, Eun Jin,Hong, Sung Pyo,Hahm, Ki Baik Harwood Academic 2016 Free radical research Vol.50 No.10

765kV급 가스절연개폐장치(GIS) 국산화 개발

송원표,Song, Won-Pyo 한국전기산업진흥회 1999 電氣産業 Vol.10 No.3

활동억지시스템으로 보강된 사면의 안정해석 프로그램 개발

홍원표 ( Won Pyo Hong ),송영석 ( Young Suk Song ) 대한지질공학회 2006 지질공학 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구에서는 활동억지시스템인 억지말뚝, 앵커, 쏘일네일링으로 보강된 성토 및 절개사면에 적용 가능한 SLOPILE(Ver 3.0) 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 프로그램에는 한계평형이론에 의한 평면파괴 및 원호파괴에 대한 해석이 가능하도록 하였다. 한편, SLOPILE(Ver 3.0)프로그램의 설계 적용성을 검토하기 위하여 현재 범용적으로 사용되고 있는 TALREN 및 SLOPE/W프로그램을 비교하였다. SLOPILE(Ver 3.0)프로그램은 억지말뚝, 쏘일네일링 및 앵커로 보강된 사면의 안정해석이 모두 가능하다. 그러나, TALREN 및 SLOPE/W프로그램에서는 억지말뚝으로 보강된 사면의 안정해석이 불가능함을 알 수 있다. 한편, 해석사례를 통하여 SLOPILE(Ver 3.0)프로그램에 대한 안정성과 정확성을 확인할 수 있다. 그러므로, SLOPILE(Ver 3.0)프로그램은 활동억지시스템으로 보강된 사면에 대한 사면안정해석에 가장 적합함을 알 수 있다. A new computer program SLOPILE(Ver 3.0) is developed to analyze stability of slopes containing an earth retention system composing of piles, nails and anchors. SLOPILE(Ver 3.0) can calculate the slope stability for both planar failure surfaces in infinite slopes and arc failure surfaces. In order to investigate a design adaptability of SLOPILE(Ver 3.0), analysis results of TALREN and SLOPE/W programs are compared with that of SLOPILE(Ver 3.0). SLOPILE(Ver 3.0) can calculate the slopes reinforced by earth retention system such as piles, nails and anchors. But, TALREN and SLOPE/W can not calculate the slope reinforced by piles. As a analysis result of the example case, SLOPILE(Ver 3.0) is accuracy and suitable program for the stability analysis of slopes reinforced by earth retention system. Therefore, SLOPILE(Ver 3.0) is the most suitable program to analyze the slope reinforced by the earth retention system.