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Surface Antigen(S) Common to Rat and Mouse Embryonal Carcinoma Cells and to Pre-implantation Embryos
Park, B.,Sobis, H.,Delacourt, M.CI.,Vauhove, L.,Vandeputte, M. 大韓免疫學會 1982 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.4 No.1
Five R fat embryonal carcinomas were induced by inoculating MSV into the placenta of fectotomized rats. Anti-embryonal carcinoma antisera were prepared by allogeneic or xenogeneic immunization with ascitic embryonal carcinoma cells. To remove the non-specific activity both antisera were absorbed in vivo and in vitro. By indirect immunofluorescent assay these absorbed antisera were reactive only on rat embryonal carcinomas and on undifferentiated primitive teratocarcinoma cells of C3H and 129/SV mouse. They did not react with the differentiated cells of mouse teratocarcinomas, with other rat and mouse tumors and with various norrrjal rat and mouse tissues including spermatozoa. A positive reaction was found on mouse and rat pre-implantation embryos from the 4-cell stage to late blastocyst. Antigen Pre-implantation embryo Embryonal carcinoma Retrodifferentiation
Development of High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell System for Electric Vehicle Application
Sobi Thomas,A. K. Sahu,SungMok Ha(하숭목),Osung Kwon(권오성),Sang C. Lee(이상철),D. H. Lee(이동하) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.4
The main objective of this study is to develop a Fuel cell system for electric vehicle purpose with minimum balance of plants (BOPs) to insure lesser parasitic losses and also compact design to replace IC engines. Though low temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has come up as a good contender for automotive application due to its quick start-up nature, it is associated with complex design and parasitic losses. But in the case of high temperature proton exchange membrane (HT PEM) the complexity involved in the design is minimized. The advantage of the present system based on phosphoric acid doped PBI (Polybenzimidazole) membrane is viz., (i) high tolerance to CO poisoning, (ii) no humidification complexity (iii) cooling of stack is easier. In the automotive application the major constrain is size so it becomes necessary to design a compact system. So far the serpentine design is considered to be the optimal as it has the advantage of uniform flow distribution though with higher pressure drop. Due to the higher pressure drop a pump is required to supply the oxidant for chemical reaction. But with lower pressure drop and fairly uniform flow distribution open cathode design was designed which facilitated the use of blower which had a lower power consumption. In the open cathode design the oxidant supply as well as the cooling was taken care using the blower.
Bio-inspired robot platform powered by a commercial PEM fuel cell
SungMok Ha,Sobi Thomas,Osung Kwon,Sang C. Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
Robots have come up as an emerging technology to assist humans in performing those repetitive and dangerous tasks which humans prefer not to do, or are unable to do due to size limitations and extreme environmental conditions. So the design of robots is required to be stringent to be able to operate at any environmental conditions. A wheeled robot is the one mostly associated in mobile robot operations. But a wheeled robot can travel only on smooth surface and not at irregular surface conditions. To overcome this, the robot’s mobile platform equipped with an efficient structure and function is required. Another issue with mobile robot is the power source which is generally battery. The disadvantage of battery is its low efficiency and low energy density. To override the above two issues, A competent robot platform suitable for irregular areas is designed and the conventional power source is replaced with a fuel cell to develop an efficient and environmental independent robot.
Graphical and mathematical analysis of fuel cell/battery passive hybridization with K factors
Lee, Sang C.,Kwon, Osung,Thomas, Sobi,Park, Sam,Choi, Gyeung-Ho Elsevier 2014 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.114 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hybridization is a promising method for enhancing the quality of the power supplying system including fuel cells which is not capable of meeting load demand statically or dynamically. Though there have been much research advances on hybridization, systematic studies are insufficient to reveal fundamental characteristics. In this study, we systematically categorize passive hybrid topologies, which are battery state of charge (SoC) controlled, fuel cell relative humidity (RH) controlled, and battery–fuel cell controlled, respectively. Each hybrid topology can be analyzed based on the graphical and mathematical method for fundamentally understanding and designing the hybrid system. First, in the graphical method, <I>I</I>–<I>V</I> curves, which represent the characteristics of the intrinsic properties of each device, are used for the understanding of the current sharing and power sharing of the hybrid system. Second, the mathematical method based on the relations deduced from each characterization curve is used for a more detailed understanding on topology to find key factors of hybridization. The results show that the power sharing of hybridization is strongly connected to the fundamental properties of each device, and it can be expressed by a combination of two factors <I>K</I> <SUB> <I>V</I> </SUB> and <I>K</I> <SUB> <I>R</I> </SUB>, which represent the electrical potential and internal resistance ratio of each device, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel graphical and mathematical method is utilized for analyzing hybrid system. </LI> <LI> A piecewise linear model of a fuel cell and a linear <I>I</I>–<I>V</I> model of a battery are suggested. </LI> <LI> The K-factors are firstly proposed, <SUB> K R </SUB> = <SUB> R B </SUB> / <SUB> R F </SUB> and <SUB> K V </SUB> = ( <SUB> V B 0 </SUB> - <SUB> V L </SUB> ) / ( <SUB> V F 0 </SUB> - <SUB> V L </SUB> ) . </LI> <LI> The current sharing relationship is quantitatively revealed, i.e. <SUB> K I </SUB> = <SUB> K V </SUB> / <SUB> K R </SUB> . </LI> </UL> </P>
김주곤(Kim Joo-Gon),정현열(Chung Hyun-Youl),Alex Bates,소비 토마스(Sobi Thomas),손병락(Son Byung-rak),Sam Park,이동하(Lee Dong-Ha) 한국태양에너지학회 2014 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.34 No.4
The design of a fuel cell stack is important to achieve optimal output power. This study focuses on the evaluation of a fuel cell system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Low temperature proton exchange membrane (LTPEM) fuel cells are the most promising energy source for robot applications because of their unique advantages such as high energy density, cold startup, and quick response during operation. In this paper, a 600 W open cathode LTPEM fuel cell was tested to evaluate the performance and to determine optimal operating conditions. The open cathode design reduces the overall size of the system to meet the requirements for robotic applications. The cruise power requirement of 600 W was supported entirely by the fuel cell while the additional power requirements during takeoff was extended using a battery. A peak of power of 900 W is possible for 10 minutes with a lithium polymer (LiPo) battery. The system was evaluated under various load cycles as well as start-stop cycles. The system response from no load to full load meets the robot platform requirements. The total weight of the stack was 2 kg, while the overall system, including the fuel processing system and battery, was 4 kg.