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Raj K. Singh,Shubham Pandey,Rakesh C. Saxena,Gananath D. Thakre,Neeraj Atray,Siddharth S. Ray 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.26 No.-
Two additives CySBE-A and B were prepared via a two step synthesis. First, the cystine schiff base (CySB) was synthesized utilizing 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. In the second step, its esterification with lauroyl alcohol and 2-ethyl hexanol results the final products CySBE-A and B respectively. Both additives were evaluated as multifunctional additive in polyol base oil for antioxidant, antifriction, antiwear and anticorrosion property. Universal oxidation test (IP-306) was used for evaluating antioxidant property. Antifriction and antiwear properties in terms of average friction coefficient and wear scar diameter (WSD) were evaluated using four ball test. The CySBE-A was found to be effective than CySBE-B.
Bi-axial and shear buckling of laminated composite rhombic hypar shells
Abhay K. Chaubey,Shubham Raj,Pratik Tiwari,Ajay Kumar,Anupam Chakrabarti,K.K. Pathak 국제구조공학회 2020 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.74 No.2
The bi-axial and shear buckling behavior of laminated hypar shells having rhombic planforms are studied for various boundary conditions using the present mathematical model. In the present mathematical model, the variation of transverse shear stresses is represented by a second-order function across the thickness and the cross curvature effect in hypar shells is also included via strain relations. The transverse shear stresses free condition at the shell top and bottom surfaces are also satisfied. In this mathematical model having a realistic second-order distribution of transverse shear strains across the thickness of the shell requires unknown parameters only at the reference plane. For generality in the present analysis, nine nodes curved isoparametric element is used. So far, there exists no solution for the bi-axial and shear buckling problem of laminated composite rhombic (skew) hypar shells. As no result is available for the present problem, the present model is compared with suitable published results (experimental, FEM, analytical and 3D elasticity) and then it is extended to analyze bi-axial and shear buckling of laminated composite rhombic hypar shells. A C0 finite element (FE) coding in FORTRAN is developed to generate many new results for different boundary conditions, skew angles, lamination schemes, etc. It is seen that the dimensionless buckling load of rhombic hypar increases with an increase in c/a ratio (curvature). Between symmetric and anti-symmetric laminations, the symmetric laminates have a relatively higher value of dimensionless buckling load. The dimensionless buckling load of the hypar shell increases with an increase in skew angle.