http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Conclusions and Suggestions on Low-Dose and Low-Dose Rate Radiation Risk Estimation Methodology
Sakai, Kazuo,Yamada, Yutaka,Yoshida, Kazuo,Yoshinaga, Shinji,Sato, Kaoru,Ogata, Hiromitsu,Iwasaki, Toshiyasu,Kudo, Shin'ichi,Asada, Yasuki,Kawaguchi, Isao,Haeno, Hiroshi,Sasaki, Michiya The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2021 방사선방어학회지 Vol.46 No.1
Background: For radiological protection and control, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) provides the nominal risk coefficients related to radiation exposure, which can be extrapolated using the excess relative risk and excess absolute risk obtained from the Life Span Study of atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki with the dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor (DDREF). Materials and Methods: Since it is impossible to directly estimate the radiation risk at doses less than approximately 100 mSv only from epidemiological knowledge and data, support from radiation biology is absolutely imperative, and thus, several national and international bodies have advocated the importance of bridging knowledge between biology and epidemiology. Because of the accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)'s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in 2011, the exposure of the public to radiation has become a major concern and it was considered that the estimation of radiation risk should be more realistic to cope with the prevailing radiation exposure situation. Results and Discussion: To discuss the issues from wide aspects related to radiological protection, and to realize bridging knowledge between biology and epidemiology, we have established a research group to develop low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation risk estimation methodology, with the permission of the Japan Health Physics Society. Conclusion: The aim of the research group was to clarify the current situation and issues related to the risk estimation of low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation exposure from the viewpoints of different research fields, such as epidemiology, biology, modeling, and dosimetry, to identify a future strategy and roadmap to elucidate a more realistic estimation of risk against low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation exposure.
( Junya Yano ),( Tatsuki Aoki ),( Kazuo Nakamura ),( Kazuo Yamada ),( Shin-ichi Sakai ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-
Hydrogenated biodiesel (HBD) is envisaged as a new type of diesel. Some byproducts of the HBD production process could also replace fossil fuels; therefore, increasing these substitution amounts could contribute to reducing the burden on the environment. The purpose of this study was to clarify the reduction of the environmental burden brought about by combining the HBD production from waste cooking oil with the anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted, in which a combined functional unit was established, which included “the treatment of the household waste and the waste cooking oil annually generated in Kyoto city” and “running a diesel vehicle for household waste collection.” The base scenario was that all household waste and waste cooking oil were incinerated. The results indicated that compared with the base scenario, utilizing the combined HBD production system and the AD of food waste could bring about a reduction of 41.8% in the integrated environmental effects (global warming, fossil fuel consumption, acidification, and urban air pollution). The reduction of greenhouse gases compared with the base scenario was 18,100 t-CO<sub>2</sub>eq/yr. Substitutions with the byproducts of the HBD production process could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 1,070 t-CO<sub>2</sub>eq/yr.
Hitoshi Kameyama,Yoshifumi Hashimoto,Yoshifumi Shimada,Saki Yamada,Ryoma Yagi,Yosuke Tajima,Takuma Okamura,Masato Nakano,Kohei Miura,Masayuki Nagahashi,Jun Sakata,Takashi Kobayashi,Shin-ichi Kosugi,To 대한대장항문학회 2018 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.34 No.2
Purpose: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) remains a common complication after pelvic or abdominal surgery. However, the risk factors for SBO in ulcerative colitis (UC) surgery are not well known. The aim of the present study was to clarify the risk factors associated with SBO after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) with a loop ileostomy for patients with UC. Methods: The medical records of 96 patients who underwent IPAA for UC between 1999 and 2011 were reviewed. SBO was confirmed based on the presence of clinical symptoms and radiographic findings. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the SBO group and the non-SBO group. We also analyzed the relationship between SBO and computed tomography (CT) scan image parameters. Results: The study included 49 male and 47 female patients. The median age was 35.5 years (range, 14–72 years). We performed a 2- or 3-stage procedure as a total proctocolectomy and IPAA for patients with UC. SBO in the pretakedown of the loop ileostomy after IPAA occurred in 22 patients (22.9%). Moreover, surgical intervention for SBO was required for 11 patients. In brief, closure of the loop ileostomy was performed earlier than expected. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the 2-stage procedure (odds ratio, 2.850; 95% confidence interval, 1.009–8.044; P = 0.048) was a significant independent risk factor associated with SBO. CT scan image parameters were not significant risk factors of SBO. Conclusion: The present study suggests that a 2-stage procedure is a significant risk factor associated with SBO after IPAA in patients with UC.