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- 저자 : Shanmugam Rekha (검색결과 4 건)
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Design and Analysis of a Frequency Reconfigurable Penta-Band Antenna for WLAN and 5G Applications
Rekha Shanmugam 한국전자파학회JEES 2021 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.21 No.3
This paper presents a discussion on a low-profile, frequency-reconfigurable penta-band antenna. This antenna consists of two asymmetric L-shaped rectangular patches electrically connected by a single PIN diode. The proposed antenna operates at five frequency bands depending upon the switching states of the PIN diode. It operates at 2.4 ㎓ (WLAN) and 5.3 ㎓ (5G) during forward bias of the diode, 3.3 ㎓ (5G) and 5.9 ㎓ (WLAN) during reverse bias of the diode and 4 ㎓ during zero bias condition providing a wide bandwidth (3.6–4.8 ㎓) at this state. The antenna has voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ranges from 1 to 2, gain value ranges from 2.6 to 5.0 ㏈i, and a maximum radiation efficiency of 85%. This antenna can be integrated with modern devices such as smart phones, laptops, and other handheld devices due to its simplistic geometry. A prototype of the model is fabricated, and the results are validated.
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Sundararajan Sathish,Shanmugam Rekha,Sivakumar Hari Priya,Ramalingam Sathishkumar 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.3
We investigated the protective role of the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in ameliorating the detrimental effects of salinity in in vitro-grown okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Okra seedlings were subjected to salinity treatments at three different NaCl concentrations (100, 150, and 200 mM), which caused a significant reduction in germination rate, shoot and root lengths, and shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW). Further, salinity exposure had detrimental effects on the total chlorophyll content, proline content, electrolyte leakage (EL), relative water content (RWC), malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and nitrate reductase activity in the seedlings. However, supplementation with SNP significantly improved the plant growth parameters including shoot and root lengths, shoot FW and DW, chlorophyll content, and proline accumulation. Among the tested concentrations, SNP at 100 and 150 µM significantly reduced the H2O2 content, MDA accumulation, and EL, and increased the RWC under salinity stress. SNP supplementation also resulted in increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. Our results revealed the positive effects of SNP in alleviating salt stress through enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic adjustment, which can be explored and applied for better growth and yield performance, especially in regions with high salinity.
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Occupational Heat Stress Impacts on Health and Productivity in a Steel Industry in Southern India
Manikandan Krishnamurthy,Paramesh Ramalingam,Kumaravel Perumal,Latha Perumal Kamalakannan,Jeremiah Chinnadurai,Rekha Shanmugam,Krishnan Srinivasan,Vidhya Venugopal 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2017 Safety and health at work Vol.8 No.1
Background: Workers laboring in steel industries in tropical settings with high ambient temperatures are subjected to thermally stressful environments that can create well-known risks of heat-related illnesses and limit workers’ productivity. Methods: A cross-sectional study undertaken in a steel industry in a city nicknamed “Steel City” in Southern India assessed thermal stress by wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and level of dehydration from urine color and urine specific gravity. A structured questionnaire captured self-reported heatrelated health symptoms of workers. Results: Some 90% WBGT measurements were higher than recommended threshold limit values (27.2 e41.7C) for heavy and moderate workloads and radiational heat from processes were very high in blooming-mill/coke-oven (67.6C globe temperature). Widespread heat-related health concerns were prevalent among workers, including excessive sweating, fatigue, and tiredness reported by 50% workers. Productivity loss was significantly reported high in workers with direct heat exposures compared to those with indirect heat exposures (c2 ¼ 26.1258, degrees of freedom ¼ 1, p < 0.001). Change in urine color was 7.4 times higher among workers exposed to WBGTs above threshold limit values (TLVs). Conclusion: Preliminary evidence shows that high heat exposures and heavy workload adversely affect the workers’ health and reduce their work capacities. Health and productivity risks in developing tropical country work settings can be further aggravated by the predicted temperature rise due to climate change, without appropriate interventions. Apart from industries enhancing welfare facilities and designing control interventions, further physiological studies with a seasonal approach and interventional studies are needed to strengthen evidence for developing comprehensive policies to protect workers employed in high heat industries.
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Occupational Heat Stress Impacts on Health and Productivity in a Steel Industry in Southern India
Krishnamurthy, Manikandan,Ramalingam, Paramesh,Perumal, Kumaravel,Kamalakannan, Latha Perumal,Chinnadurai, Jeremiah,Shanmugam, Rekha,Srinivasan, Krishnan,Venugopal, Vidhya Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2017 Safety and health at work Vol.8 No.1
Background: Workers laboring in steel industries in tropical settings with high ambient temperatures are subjected to thermally stressful environments that can create well-known risks of heat-related illnesses and limit workers' productivity. Methods: A cross-sectional study undertaken in a steel industry in a city nicknamed "Steel City" in Southern India assessed thermal stress by wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and level of dehydration from urine color and urine specific gravity. A structured questionnaire captured self-reported heat-related health symptoms of workers. Results: Some 90% WBGT measurements were higher than recommended threshold limit values ($27.2-41.7^{\circ}C$) for heavy and moderate workloads and radiational heat from processes were very high in blooming-mill/coke-oven ($67.6^{\circ}C$ globe temperature). Widespread heat-related health concerns were prevalent among workers, including excessive sweating, fatigue, and tiredness reported by 50% workers. Productivity loss was significantly reported high in workers with direct heat exposures compared to those with indirect heat exposures ($x^2=26.1258$, degrees of freedom = 1, p < 0.001). Change in urine color was 7.4 times higher among workers exposed to WBGTs above threshold limit values (TLVs). Conclusion: Preliminary evidence shows that high heat exposures and heavy workload adversely affect the workers' health and reduce their work capacities. Health and productivity risks in developing tropical country work settings can be further aggravated by the predicted temperature rise due to climate change, without appropriate interventions. Apart from industries enhancing welfare facilities and designing control interventions, further physiological studies with a seasonal approach and interventional studies are needed to strengthen evidence for developing comprehensive policies to protect workers employed in high heat industries.
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