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Fomenko, Dmitri E.,Novoselov, Sergey V.,Natarajan, Sathish Kumar,Lee, Byung Cheon,Koc, Ahmet,Carlson, Bradley A.,Lee, Tae-Hyung,Kim, Hwa-Young,Hatfield, Dolph L.,Gladyshev, Vadim N. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.284 No.9
<P>Protein oxidation has been linked to accelerated aging and is a contributing factor to many diseases. Methionine residues are particularly susceptible to oxidation, but the resulting mixture of methionine R-sulfoxide (Met-RO) and methionine S-sulfoxide (Met-SO) can be repaired by thioredoxin-dependent enzymes MsrB and MsrA, respectively. Here, we describe a knock-out mouse deficient in selenoprotein MsrB1, the main mammalian MsrB located in the cytosol and nucleus. In these mice, in addition to the deletion of 14-kDa MsrB1, a 5-kDa selenoprotein form was specifically removed. Further studies revealed that the 5-kDa protein occurred in both mouse tissues and human HEK 293 cells; was down-regulated by MsrB1 small interfering RNA, selenium deficiency, and selenocysteine tRNA mutations; and was immunoprecipitated and recognized by MsrB1 antibodies. Specific labeling with (75)Se and mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the 5-kDa selenoprotein corresponded to the C-terminal sequence of MsrB1. The MsrB1 knock-out mice lacked both 5- and 14-kDa MsrB1 forms and showed reduced MsrB activity, with the strongest effect seen in liver and kidney. In addition, MsrA activity was decreased by MsrB1 deficiency. Liver and kidney of the MsrB1 knock-out mice also showed increased levels of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, protein methionine sulfoxide, and oxidized glutathione as well as reduced levels of free and protein thiols, whereas these parameters were little changed in other organs examined. Overall, this study established an important contribution of MsrB1 to the redox control in mouse liver and kidney and identified a novel form of this protein.</P>
Recent Advancements in Additive Manufacturing (AM) Techniques: A Forward-Looking Review
Netrapal Singh,Hafsa Siddiqui,Bhavani Srinivas Rao Koyalada,Ajay Mandal,Viplov Chauhan,Sathish Natarajan,Satendra Kumar,Manoj Goswami,Surender Kumar 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.8
We witness noteworthy developments in multifunctional materials progress through additive manufacturing techniques,enhanced by the revolution of Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things. Still, in specific circumstances, the performance of usedmaterials is sometimes limited. Among the various existing techniques, the additive manufacturing (AM) process has gainedmuch popularity over the last two decades and is one of the most revolutionary manufacturing techniques. In this comprehensivereview, we have addressed the fundamentals of various Additive Manufacturing processes, including binder jetting,fused deposition modelling, Stereolithography, selective laser sintering/melting, direct energy deposition. Furthermore, recentadvancements and emerging new technology in AM domain named electrochemical additive manufacturing is highlightedin this review as a major part. These processes’ capabilities, advantages, limitations, and applications are also discussed. Inthe concluding sections of this work, future trends are offered and discussed.