A Study of Tree Based Data Aggregation Techniques for WSNs

Sandeep Kaur,R.C. Gangwar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.1

Wireless sensor network consists of a huge quantity of less-price sensor nodes. These nodes has restricted power of battery, and the replacement of battery is not a simple task in wireless sensor networks because there are a huge quantity of nodes. Data Aggregation is a significant method to attain power efficiency in wireless sensor network. Data aggregation at the sink by all the nodes results in flooding of the data which causes greatest energy utilization. Though a lot of protocols are planned so far to get better the energy efficiency further but still a lot improvement can be made. In this paper, various data aggregation techniques have been discussed. The overall purpose of this survey is to explain data aggregation techniques and to find limitations of General Self-Organized Tree-Based Energy-Balance Routing Protocol (GSTEB).

Pisa Syndrome in Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Sandeep Kaur,Amit Shankar Singh,Sudesh Prabhakar,Jeenendra Prakash Singhvi,Harpreet Singh Mann,Arun Kaul 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2023 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.16 No.3

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a slowly progressive central nervous system disorder affecting children and young individuals and is caused by mutant measles virus persistence. Patients with SSPE may present with extrapyramidal manifestations such as tics, dystonia, parkinsonism, and chorea

Outcome of Surgery and Post-Operative Radiotherapy for Major Salivary Gland Carcinoma: Ten Year Experience from a Single Institute

Kaur, Jaspreet,Goyal, Shikha,Muzumder, Sandeep,Bhasker, Suman,Mohanti, Bidhu Kalyan,Rath, Goura Kishore Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19

Aims: To determine the clinical characteristics, pathological features, local and distant failure patterns in patients with carcinoma of major salivary glands treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 106 cases of major salivary gland tumor seen at our centre (1998-2008). Sixty five cases of major salivary gland carcinoma were selected for analysis (exclusions: benign, palliative, non-carcinomas). The patient population treated by surgery and PORT was divided into two groups: 1) Patients who underwent surgery and immediate PORT (Primary PORT); 2) Patients with recurrent carcinoma who underwent at least two surgeries and received PORT in the immediate post-operative period of the last performed surgery (Recurrent PORT). Recurrence free survival (RFS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Median age was 35 years with a male: female ratio of 1.3:1. The majority of cancers were located in the parotid gland (86.2%) and the most common histology was mucoepidermoid carcinoma (43%). Thirty nine cases (60%) were primary while 26 (40%) were recurrent. Optimal surgery was performed in 59/65 patients (90.8%). 43 patients (66.2%) underwent neck dissection, of which 14 (32.5%) had nodal metastasis. Overall, 61 (93.8%) patients complied with the prescribed radiotherapy. Median dose of PORT was 60 Gy. Median follow-up was 13.1 months (range 2-70). Relapse free survival was 50.4% at 60 months. Some 12 cases (18.5%) recurred with a median time to recurrence of 16.9 months. Conclusions: Surgery and PORT is an effective treatment for major salivary gland carcinoma with over 90% compliance and <20% recurrence. Early treatment with postoperative radiotherapy may increase the survival rate in major salivary gland carcinoma patients.

Clinical Audit in Radiation Oncology: Results from One Academic Centre in Delhi, India

Kaur, Jaspreet,Mohanti, Bidhu Kalyan,Muzumder, Sandeep Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

The objective was to analyze the radiotherapy (RT) practice at the cancer centre of a tertiary academic medical institution in Delhi. This audit from an Indian public institution covered patient care processes related to cancer diagnosis, integration of RT with other anti-cancer modalities, waiting time, overall treatment time, and compliance with RT. Over a period of one year, all consecutively registered patients in radiotherapy were analyzed for the audit cycle. Analysis of 1,030 patients showed median age of 49.6 years, with presentation as stage I and II in 14.2%, stage III and IV in 71.2% and unknown stage in 14.6%. A total of 974 (95%) were advised for RT appointment; 669 (68.6%) for curative intent and 31.4% for palliation. Mean times for diagnostic workup and from registration at cancer centre to radiotherapy referral were 33 and 31 days respectively. Median waiting time to start of RT course was 41 days. Overall RT compliance was 75% and overall duration for a curative RT course ranged from 50 days to 61 days. Non-completion and interruption of RT course were observed in 12% and 13% respectively. Radiotherapy machine burden in a public cancer hospital in India increases the waiting time and 25% of advised patients do not comply with the prescribed treatment. Infrastructure, machine and manpower constraints lead to more patients being treated on cobalt (74%) and by two-dimensional (78%) techniques.

A novel low band gap CBP@Mg-MOF composite for application in high power efficiency Organic Light Emitting Devices

Harmeet Kaur,Vishal Shrivastava,Priyanshu Goel,Shashank Sundriyal,Amit L Sharma,Akash Deep,Sandeep Kumar 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

Lanthanum Doped Zirconium Oxide (LaZrO2) High-k Gate Dielectric FinFET SRAM Cell Optimization

Gurpurneet Kaur,Sandeep Singh Gill,Munish Rattan 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.6

Inherent variations and the challenge of leakage current control in today’s silicon-on-insulator metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor limits the scaling of static random-access memory. The fin-shaped field-effect transistor has been considered an attractive device for designing low power SRAM cells. In this work, a 14 nm gate length FinFET device has been designed with lanthanum doped zirconium oxide as a compound gate dielectric material. The diminished subthreshold swing (60 mV/dec), reduced leakage current (10 –14 ), lowered drain induced barrier lowering (10.6 mV/V), enhanced drive current (3.74 × 10 –5 ), and increased g m (2.27 × 10 –4 ) were observed after simulating this optimized device. Further, two SRAM cells based on the improved device were implemented with different fin configurations. The stability parameters were investigated with the butterfly curve method. The SRAM Cell-I has presented better read static noise margin and write static noise margin in comparison to the SRAM Cell-II. The impact of supply voltage variations on stability metrics and leakage power has also been presented.

Metal Insulator Gate Geometric HEMT: Novel Attributes and Design Consideration for High Speed Analog Applications

Gupta, Ritesh,Kaur, Ravneet,Aggarwal, Sandeep Kr,Gupta, Mridula,Gupta, R.S. The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2010 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.10 No.1

Improvement in breakdown voltage ($BV_{ds}$) and speed of the device are the key issues among the researchers for enhancing the performance of HEMT. Increased speed of the device aspires for shortened gate length ($L_g$), but due to lithographic limitation, shortening $L_g$ below sub-micrometer requires the inclusion of various metal-insulator geometries like T-gate onto the conventional architecture. It has been observed that the speed of the device can be enhanced by minimizing the effect of upper gate electrode on device characteristics, whereas increase in the $BV_{ds}$ of the device can be achieved by considering the finite effect of the upper gate electrode. Further, improvement in $BV_{ds}$ can be obtained by applying field plates, especially at the drain side. The important parameters affecting $BV_{ds}$ and cut-off frequency ($f_T$) of the device are the length, thickness, position and shape of metal-insulator geometry. In this context, intensive simulation work with analytical analysis has been carried out to study the effect of variation in length, thickness and position of the insulator under the gate for various metal-insulator gate geometries like T-gate, $\Gamma$-gate, Step-gate etc., to anticipate superior device performance in conventional HEMT structure.

Graft tunnel integration occurs early in the tibial tunnel compared with the femoral tunnel after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with preserved insertion hamstring tendon graft

( Ravi Gupta ),( Sandeep Singh ),( Anil Kapoor ),( Ashwani Soni ),( Ravinder Kaur ),( Narinder Kaur ) 대한슬관절학회 2021 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.33 No.-

Background: Preservation of hamstring tendon insertion at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a well-known technique; however, its effect on graft integration is not well studied. The present study was conducted to study the graft integration inside the tibial and femoral tunnels, respectively, after ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon graft with preserved insertion. Methods: Twenty-five professional athletes who underwent ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon graft with preserved tibia insertion were enrolled in the study. Functional outcomes were checked at final follow-up using Lysholm score and Tegner activity scale. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done at 8 months and 14 months follow-up to study the graft tunnel integration of the ACL graft at both tibial and femoral tunnels. Results: The mean Fibrous interzone (FI) score (tibial tunnel) decreased from 2.61 (1-5) at 8 months to 2.04 (1-4) at 14 months follow-up (p = 0.02). The mean FI score (femoral side) decreased from 3.04 (2-5) at 8 months to 2.57 (2-4) at 14 months (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Graft integration occurs early in the tibial tunnel as compared with the femur tunnel with preserved insertion hamstring tendon autograft. Trial registration CTRI/2019/07/020320 [registered on 22/07/2019]; http:// www. ctri. nic. in/ Clini caltr ials/ pdf_ gener ate. php? trial id= 33884 & EncHid= & modid= & compi d=% 27,% 27338 84det% 27

Effect of denture cleansers on surface hardness of resilient denture liners at various time intervals- an in vitro study

Sanjay Bansal,Sandeep Garg,Rajat Harvinder Dang,Rasleen Kaur Pahuja 대한치과보철학회 2013 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.5 No.3

PURPOSE This study was aimed to determine the effect of two chemically distinct denture cleansers and water on the surface hardness of acrylic and silicone based soft denture liners at various time intervals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two commonly used commercial resilient liner material were selected based on their chemical composition (silicone- and acrylic-based soft liners) for this investigation. 120 cylindrical specimens were made of 15 mm × 10 mm dimensions (according to ASTM: D-2240-64T) in a custom made metal mold. All specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Forty specimens were cleansed daily in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution; forty were cleansed in sodium perborate and remaining forty specimens were daily rinsed in water. Testing was done at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months for surface hardness using a Shore A Durometer. A mean of 3 reading for each sample was subjected to one-way ANOVA, Post Hoc test and pair-t test for statistical analysis. P values of less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. RESULTS Surface hardness of all the samples was significantly higher after a period of 6 months irrespective of the cleansing treatment. Minor changes were observed between control, sodium hypochlorite and sodium perborate groups with time. Greater change was observed in surface hardness of acrylic-based soft denture liners as compared to silicone-based soft liners for all groups, as time progressed. CONCLUSION Silicone-based soft denture liners performed significantly better in all cleansing treatments than acrylic-based soft denture liners.

Effect of denture cleansers on surface hardness of resilient denture liners at various time intervals- an in vitro study

Pahuja, Rasleen Kaur,Garg, Sandeep,Bansal, Sanjay,Dang, Rajat Harvinder The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2013 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.5 No.3

PURPOSE. This study was aimed to determine the effect of two chemically distinct denture cleansers and water on the surface hardness of acrylic and silicone based soft denture liners at various time intervals. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two commonly used commercial resilient liner material were selected based on their chemical composition (silicone- and acrylic-based soft liners) for this investigation. 120 cylindrical specimens were made of $15mm{\times}10mm$ dimensions (according to ASTM: D-2240-64T) in a custom made metal mold. All specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Forty specimens were cleansed daily in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution; forty were cleansed in sodium perborate and remaining forty specimens were daily rinsed in water. Testing was done at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months for surface hardness using a Shore A Durometer. A mean of 3 reading for each sample was subjected to one-way ANOVA, Post Hoc test and pair-t test for statistical analysis. P values of less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. RESULTS. Surface hardness of all the samples was significantly higher after a period of 6 months irrespective of the cleansing treatment. Minor changes were observed between control, sodium hypochlorite and sodium perborate groups with time. Greater change was observed in surface hardness of acrylic-based soft denture liners as compared to silicone-based soft liners for all groups, as time progressed. CONCLUSION. Silicone-based soft denture liners performed significantly better in all cleansing treatments than acrylic-based soft denture liners.