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A Survey on House Sparrow Population Decline at Bandel, West Bengal, India
Samik Ghosh,김기현,R Bhattacharya 한국지구과학회 2010 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.31 No.5
The population of House sparrow (Passer domesticus), once a very common bird, has declined markedly in most parts of the world including India. Sparrows were distributed widely in the district Hoogly, West Bengal, India. However over the past few decades, they became not so common in this part of the world. A study has been conducted to establish the database for their current population and to assess the possible causes of their decline at Bandel (22o52'22''N/88o22'53''E) placed beside the river Hoogly from September 2008 to May 2009. After prolonged searching, a relatively dense population of sparrow (total subject 270) was found in busy areas of railway station and a nearby market in Bandel. The behavior of these birds was studied extensively from early morning to late night. The noise level of the area varied from 35 to 95 dB with an average of 70.6 dB from 04:30 am-10:30 pm, IST. It was also observed that the sparrows took rest on the site of the tree where the illumination level was low (30-45 lux). Sparrows residing at the Bandel station are habituated with the loud noise, being undisturbed by passing trains. Thus, it can be concluded that in spite of heavy noise of trains, crowdy travelers, and lack of nest sites, they remain at the station because of availability of food in the nearby roadside market. Based on this observation, sound pollution and availability of food are not responsible for their decline.
Ghosh, Samik,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Sohn, Jong Ryeul TheScientificWorldJOURNAL 2011 The Scientific World Journal Vol.11 No.-
<P>In this study, we have examined the patterns of VOCs released from used Tedlar bags that were once used for the collection under strong source activities. In this way, we attempted to account for the possible bias associated with the repetitive use of Tedlar bags. To this end, we selected the bags that were never heated. All of these target bags were used in ambient temperature (typically at or below 30°C). These bags were also dealt carefully to avoid any mechanical abrasion. This study will provide the essential information regarding the interaction between VOCs and Tedlar bag materials as a potential source of bias in bag sampling approaches.</P>
Seasonal Variation of PM2.5 and Its Major Ionic Components in an Urban Monitoring Site
Samik Ghosh,손장호,김기현,송상근,Kweon Jung,김남진 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.1
The ionic composition of PM2.5 samples was investigated by their datasets of cationic (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+,and Ca2+) and anionic components (Cl-, NO3-, and SO42-) along with relevant environmental parameters collected from an urban monitoring site in Korea at hourly intervals in 2010. The mean (and SD) annual concentration of PM2.5 was computed as 25.3 μg m-3with the wintertime maximum. In addition, sum concentrations (neq m-3) of five cationic species (291)were slightly lower than 3 anionic species (308). Most cations exhibited the highest seasonal values in spring,while anions showed more diversified seasonal patterns. According to PCA, five major source categories were apparent with the relative dominance of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA). The results of our study suggest consistently that the distribution of ionic constituents in an urban area is affected by the combined effects of both natural and anthropogenic processes.