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Red light-emitting diode irradiation regulates oxidative stress and inflammation through SPHK1/NF-κB activation in human keratinocytes

Sun, Qiaochu,Kim, Hye-Eun,Cho, Hyejoung,Shi, Shuhan,Kim, Byungkuk,Kim, Okjoon Elsevier 2018 Journal of photochemistry and photobiology Biology Vol.186 No.-
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Abstract Oxidative stress, in which the amount of oxidants exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defense system, is a well-accepted pathogenesis of several human diseases. Light-emitting diode irradiation (LEDI) is an efficient strategy to counteract this condition. The biological effect of phototherapy, using visible light, has attracted recent attention especially in dermatological practice. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of red light irradiation. We evaluated these effects of LEDI in HaCaT human keratinocyte cells under phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Microarray analysis revealed changes in 309 genes after LEDI. LEDI at 625 nm produced ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects. One of the most important genes identified by microarray analysis was sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1), which is a key molecule in sphingolipid metabolism. SPHK1 knock-down drastically reduced ROS scavenging efficiency as well as expression levels of inflammation-related proteins in PMA-treated HaCaT cells. These results not only indicate the potential for the clinical application of 625-nm LEDI in treating skin disorders via ROS and/or inflammation, but also suggest SPHK1 as a potential therapeutic target in phototherapy. Highlights <UL> <LI> LEDI at 625 nm produced ROS scavenging and anti-inflammation. </LI> <LI> Sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1) was identified by microarray analysis in the experimental conditions. </LI> <LI> LEDI 625 nm has the potential for treating skin disorder via ROS and/or inflammation through SPHK1/NF-κB pathway. </LI> </UL> Graphical Abstract [DISPLAY OMISSION]
2
Development of Novel Photosensitizer Using the Buddleja officinalis Extract for Head and Neck Cancer

Cho, Hyejoung,Zheng, Hui,Sun, Qiaochu,Shi, Shuhan,He, YuZhu,Ahn, Kyuhyeon,Kim, Byunggook,Kim, Hye-Eun,Kim, Okjoon Hindawi 2018 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2018 No.-
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is generally safer and less invasive than conventional strategies for head and neck cancer treatment. However, currently available photosensitizers have low selectivity for tumor cells, and the burden and side effects are so great that research is needed to develop safe photosensitizers. In this study, it was confirmed that the Buddleja officinalis (BO) extract, used in the treatment of inflammation and vascular diseases, shows fluorescence when activated by LED light, and, based on this, we aimed to develop a new photosensitive agent suitable for PDT. MTT, Diff-Quick® staining, and DCF-DA were performed to measure the effects of treating head and neck cancer cells with BO extract and 625 nm LED light (BO-PDT). Cell cycle, TUNEL, and western blot assays, as well as acridine orange staining, were performed to explore the mechanism of BO-PDT-induced cell death. We found that when the BO extract was irradiated with 625 nm LED light, it showed sufficient fluorescence and stronger intracellular toxicity and ROS effect than the currently commercially available hematoporphyrin. BO-PDT resulted in a decrease of mTOR activity that was correlated with an increase in the levels of ATG5, beclin-1, and LC3-II, which interfere with the formation of autophagosomes. In addition, BO-PDT induced the activation of PARP and led to an increase in the expression of proapoptotic protein Bax and a decrease in the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Moreover, BO-PDT has been shown to induce the autophagy pathway 4 h after treatment, while apoptosis was induced 16 h after treatment. Finally, we confirmed that BO-PDT caused cell death of head and neck cancer cells via the intrinsic pathway. Therefore, we suggest that BO extract can be used as a new photosensitizer in PDT of head and neck cancer.
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구강점막에 발생한 호지킨림프종의 증례보고 및 문헌고찰

이은수,HE YUZHU,조혜중,SUN QIAOCHU,SHI SHUHAN,김영,김옥준 대한구강악안면병리학회 2018 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.42 No.6
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Extranodal intraoral Hodgkin lymphoma is not common. We report the case of a 78-year-old male patient with ulcer of the mandibular oral mucosa that was not cured for about 3 weeks. In biopsy and histopathologic examination, it was found to be extranodal intraoral Hodgkin lymphoma. Early diagnosis of oral lesions led to early detection of lesions of the opposite neck lymph node in an additional PET-CT scan We report this case and review relevant literature