Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Heritiera fomes (Buch.-Ham), a mangrove plant of the Sundarbans

Islam Md. Emdadul,Islam Kazi Mohammed Didarul,Billah Md. Morsaline,Biswas Rana,Sohrab Md. Hossain,Rahman S. M. Mahbubur 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.2

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of Heritiera fomes ethanolic extract was evaluated.Query Ethanolic extraction of dried and grinded plant leaves and bark was performed. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and β-carotene bleaching inhibition assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were also determined. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by in vitro human RBC membrane stabilizing assay and in vivo mice paw edema test. Ethanolic bark and leaf extracts of H. fomes (S1 and S2, respectively) showed significant scavenging effect on DPPH scavenging 68.51 µg/ml for S1 and 108.64 µg/ml for S2. Potent reduction potential (FRAP) was observed in S1 (83.75 mM of ferrous equivalent) while the FRAP of standard ascorbic acid was found 86.66 μM of ferrous equivalent. S1 also exhibited 87.43% β-carotene bleaching inhibition as comparable to standard butylated hydroxytoluene with 98.85% inhibition. Substantial phenolic and flavonoid content was also observed in S1 (136.83 μg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract and 76.67 μg quercetin equivalent/g of extract, respectively). S1 could provide 61.73% and 53.27% protection of RBC membrane in hypotonicity and heat induced lysis of RBC, respectively while the standard diclofenac sodium provided 91.66% and 86.66% protection, respectively. Furthermore, 44.16% reduction in mice paw edema at 40 μg/kg bw concentration was observed in S1 as compared to standard indomethacine (53.54% in 10 μg/kg bw concentration). The results revealed that the bark extract (S1) of H. fomes possesses significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of three herbs belonging to Zingiber genus of Bangladesh

Afiya Aunjum,Rana Biswas,Tauhidur Rahman Nurunnabi,S.M. Mahbubur Rahman,Md. Morsaline Billah,Md. Emdadul Islam,Kazi Mohammed Didarul Islam 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.3

Apart from boosting flavor, herbs and spices are also known for their preservative, antioxidant, antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Bioactive metabolites with aspiring prospect have guided the present study to screen for antibacterial and antioxidant activity of three Zingiber plants available in Bangladesh. For that purpose, rhizomes of Zingiber officinale, Z. montanum and Z. zerumbet were extracted with ethanol as solvent system for bioactivity analysis. Antioxidant activity was assessed by employing DPPH free radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Z. officinale extract demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity ( IC50: 43.65 μg/ml), reducing power ( EC50: 189.026 μg/ml) and FRAP value (137.18 ± 0.116 μM Fe(II)/100 μg dry weight of extract). Moreover, total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content were determined which significantly correlated (Pearson correlation) with the antioxidant activities. For the evaluation of antibacterial activity, zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured by disc diffusion bioassay against four Gram positive bacteria Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp., and S. epidermidis as well as ten Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi, Vibrio cholera, Shigella dysenteriae, S. flexneri, Proteus spp., Mycobacterium spp., and Campylobacter spp. Z. montanum extract exhibited significant activity against E. coli (13.67 ± 0.577 mm ZOI) and Micrococcus spp. (14.33 ± 0.763 mm ZOI) if compared to standard erythromycin with ZOI 15.33 ± 0.577 mm and 15.67 ± 0.577 mm, respectively. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Z. montanum extract were determined against B. megaterium, Micrococcus spp., E. coli and S. paratyphi. Thus, Z. officinale and Z. montanum extracts could be utilized as source and template for the synthesis of potential drugs and food supplements as well.

217 EFFECTS OF PORCINE GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR ON PORCINE IN VITRO-FERTILIZED EMBRYOS

Kwak, S. S.,Biswas, D.,Hyun, S. H. CSIRO Publishing 2011 Reproduction, fertility, and development Vol.23 No.1

<P> The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is expressed in the female reproductive tract and is one of the regulatory molecules that mediate maternal effects on the growth and development of pre-implantation embryos in several species. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of porcine GM-CSF (pGM-CSF) on the developmental potential of porcine IVF embryos. All experiments were performed with zygotes that were produced in vitro and cultured in porcine zygote medium-3-polyvinyl alcohol-based medium. Data were analysed with PASW statistics-17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) using Duncan’s multiple range test. A total 865 zygotes in 4 replicates were used with different concentrations of pGM-CSF (0, 2, 10, 100 ng mL-1) in Experiment 1. It was demonstrated that 10 ng mL-1 of pGM-CSF could increase (15.1 ± 2.2) blastocyst development significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the control (6.1 ± 0.7). There was no effect on cleavage rate. In blastocyst formation, early and expanded blastocysts were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the 10 ng mL-1 of pGM-CSF group compared with the control. In Experiment 2, a total 839 zygotes with at least 5 replicates in each group were used, and whether pGM-CSF would act to increase blastocyst yield before or after Day 4 development was tested. Zygotes were cultured with the following treatments: 1) zygotes cultured with fresh porcine zygote medium-polyvinyl alcohol medium from Days 0 to 7 post-insemination as a control; 2) medium supplemented with 10 ng mL-1 of pGM-CSF from Days 0 to 4 followed by no pGM-CSF from Days 4 to 7; 3) medium alone from Days 0 to 4 followed by supplementation with 10 ng mL-1 of pGM-CSF from Days 4 to 7; and 4) medium supplemented with 10 ng mL-1 of pGM-CSF from Days 0 to 7. As compared with the controls (7.8 ± 0.7), pGM-CSF influenced the percentage of blastocyst formation when pGM-CSF was added from Days 4 to 7 (14.6 ± 1.6) or Days 0 to 7 (15.2 ± 1.8), but not from Days 0 to 4 (8.7 ± 1.5). Similarly, the early blastocyst formation rates were significantly higher in the Day 4 to 7 culture period compared with the control, and expanded blastocyst formation was significantly higher in the Day 4 to 7 and Day 0 to 7 culture periods. There was no significant different in cleavage rate among these groups. In conclusion, these data suggest that supplementation of pGM-CSF in in vitro culture medium at Days 4 to 7 or Days 0 to 7 promotes the developmental potential of porcine IVF embryos. This work was supported by a grant (20070301034040) from the BioGreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. </P>

Genomic Analyses of Toll-like Receptor 4 and 7 Exons of Bos indicus from Temperate Sub-himalayan Region of India

Malik, Y.P.S.,Chakravarti, S.,Sharma, K.,Vaid, N.,Rajak, K.K.,Balamurugan, V.,Biswas, S.K.,Mondal, B.,Kataria, R.S.,Singh, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.7

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of invading pathogens and the modulation of innate immune responses in mammals. The TLR4 and TLR7 are well known to recognize the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and single stranded (ssRNA) ligands, respectively and play important role in host defense against Gram-negative bacteria and ssRNA viruses. In the present study, coding exon fragments of these two TLRs were identified, cloned, sequenced and analyzed in terms of insertion-deletion polymorphism, within bovine TLRs 4 and 7, thereby facilitating future TLR signaling and association studies relevant to bovine innate immunity. Comparative sequence analysis of TLR 4 exons revealed that this gene is more variable, particularly the coding frame (E3P1), while other parts showed percent identity of 95.7% to 100% at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectivley with other Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds from different parts of the world. In comparison to TLR4, sequence analysis of TLR7 showed more conservation among different B. indicus and B. taurus breeds, except single point mutation at 324 nucleotide position (AAA to AAM) altering a single amino acid at 108 position (K to X). Percent identity of TLR7 sequences (all 3 exons) was between 99.2% to 100% at nucleotide and amino acid level, when compared with available sequence database of B. indicus and B. taurus. Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool (SMART) analysis showed variations in the exon fragments located in the Leucine Rich Repeat (LRR) region, which is responsible for binding with the microbial associated molecular patterns and further, downstream signaling to initiate anti-microbial response. Considering importance of TLR polymorphism in terms of innate immunity, further research is warranted.

Substrate bias effects during diamond like carbon film deposition by microwave ECR plasma CVD

R.M. Dey,S.B. Singh,A. Biswas,R.B. Tokas,N. Chand,S. Venkateshwaran,D. Bhattacharya,N.K. Sahoo,S.W. Gosavi,S.K. Kulkarni,D.S. Patil 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.1

Diamond like carbon (DLC) coatings were deposited on silicon(11) substrates by microwave electron cyclotron resonance (ECR)plasma CVD process using a plasma of Ar and CH4 gases under the inuence of DC self bias generated on the substrates by applicationof RF (13.56 MHz) power. DLC coatings were deposited under the varying inuence of DC bias (. 60 V to. 150 V) on the Si substrates.atomic force microscopy (AFM), Hardness and elastic modulus determination technique, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. The results indicate that the lm grown at. 100 V bias has optimised propertieslike high sp3/sp2 ratio of carbon bonding, high refractive index (2.262.17) over wide spectral range 4001200 nm, low roughness of0.8 nm, high contact angle (80.) compared to the lms deposited at other bias voltages (. 60 V and . with each other and nd august explanation under the subplantation model for DLC growth.

The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B): a potential therapeutic target for estrogen receptor negative breast cancers.

Biswas, D K,Dai, S C,Cruz, A,Weiser, B,Graner, E,Pardee, A B National Academy of Sciences 2001 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.98 No.18

<P>The effect of a kinase inhibitor Go6796 on growth of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer cells in vivo and role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) on tumorogenesis have been investigated. This was studied in an animal model by implanting ER- mouse mammary epithelial tumor cells (CSMLO) in syngeneic A-J mice. (i) Local administration of Go6976 an inhibitor of protein kinases C alpha and beta inhibited growth of tumors and caused extensive necrotic degeneration and regression of the tumors without causing any microscopically detectable damage to the vital organs liver and lung. (ii) Stable expression of dominant-negative mutants of the beta subunit (dnIkkbeta) of the inhibitory kappa B (IkappaB) kinase (dnIkk) that selectively blocked activation of NF-kappaB caused loss of tumorigenic potential of CSMLO cells. Stable expression of dnIkkbeta also blocked phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced activation of NF-kappaB and overexpression of cyclin D1, concomitantly with the loss or reduced tumorigenic potential of these cells. Thus, results from in vivo and in vitro experiments strongly suggest the involvement of NF-kappaB in ER- mammary epithelial cell-mediated tumorigenesis. We propose that blocking NF-kappaB activation not only inhibits cell proliferation, but also antagonizes the antiapoptotic role of this transcription factor in ER- breast cancer cells. Thus, NF-kappaB is a potential target for therapy of EGFR family receptor-overexpressing ER- breast cancers.</P>

Photonic bandgaps of conformally coated structures

Biswas, R.,Ahn, J.,Lee, T.,Lee, J.-H.,Kim, Y.-S.,Kim, C.-H.,Leung, W.,Oh, C.-H.,Constant, K.,Ho, K.-M. OPTICAL SOC- AMERICA 2005 Journal of the Optical Society of America. B, Opti Vol.22 No.12

Growth Hormone Gene Polymorphism and Its Effect on Birth Weight in Cattle and Buffalo

Biswas, T.K.,Bhattacharya, T.K.,Narayan, A.D.,Badola, S.,Kumar, Pushpendra,Sharma, Arjava Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.4

The study was carried out in Sahiwal, Holstein Friesian, Jersey and crossbred cattle and Murrah, Bhadwari, Jaffarabadi, Nagpuri and Surti buffaloes maintained at different organized herds to work out the polymorphism at growth hormone locus and study its effect on birth weight. A 223 bp fragment of the gene was amplified and digested with Alu I restriction enzyme. Two alleles, L and V with three genotypes LL, LV and VV were observed in Jersey, Holstein and cross bred cattle. Sahiwal cattle and buffalo were monomorphic for this locus producing only one genotype LL and one allele L. The frequency of L allele was comparatively higher in Holstein and crossbred cattle while in Jersey breed, the frequency of this allele was intermediate. The effect of genotype on birth weight was significant and LV genotype had higher birth weight than other genotypes. Hence, LV genotype in Holstein Friesian favored higher birth weight.

Day-3 Medium Changes can Affect Developmental Potential of Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and Parthenogenesis Embryos In Vitro

Biswas, D.,Hyun, S.H. PAKISTAN VETERINARY JOURNAL 2011 Pakistan veterinary journal Vol.31 No.1

Effect of Antioxidants on Physio-biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Broiler Chicken at High Altitude

Biswas, A.,Ahmed, M.,Bharti, V.K.,Singh, S.B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.2

The present study was carried out on broilers to study the effect of oral administration of vitamin E and selenium (E-care Se) on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters for a period of 42 days (6 weeks). A total of 90 oneday-old broiler chicks were divided into three equal groups: $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$. Group T1 was maintained as control and was fed only with the basal diet throughout the experimental period. Two experimental diets, $T_2$ and $T_3$, were formulated to contain an additional 100 g (150 IU vitamin E/kg+0.5 mg Se/kg) and 200 g (300 IU vitamin E/kg+1.0 mg Se/kg) of E-care Se which was the source of vitamin E and selenium. Body weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in antioxidant-treated groups compared to the control group. There were no significant differences in feed conversion ratio (FCR). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein for haematological (TEC, Hb, PCV and ESR) and biochemical (GOT and GPT) study. Body weight was increased significantly in both treated groups compared with the control group and highest body weights were recorded in group $T_2$. TEC, PCV and Hb content increased significantly (p<0.01) in the treated groups as compared to the control group, but ESR, GOT and GPT values decreased significantly (p<0.01) in both treated groups as compared to the control group. The result reveals that use of antioxidants (vitamin E and selenium) is an effective way of getting the best result in terms of body weight gain and haemato-biochemical profiles in broiler birds at high altitude.