Combining De Ley–Doudoroff and methylerythritol phosphate pathways for enhanced isoprene biosynthesis from d-galactose

Ramos, Kristine Rose M.,Valdehuesa, Kris Niñ,o G.,Liu, Huaiwei,Nisola, Grace M.,Lee, Won-Keun,Chung, Wook-Jin Springer-Verlag 2014 BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Vol.37 No.12

The effect of mechanical properties of bone in the mandible, a numerical case study

Ramos, Antonio,Marques, Hugo,Mesnard, Michel Techno-Press 2014 Advances in biomechanics & applications Vol.1 No.1

Bone properties are one of the key components when constructing models that can simulate the mechanical behavior of a mandible. Due to the complexity of the structure, the tooth, ligaments, different bones etc., some simplifications are often considered and bone properties are one of them. The objective of this study is to understand if a simplification of the problem is possible and assess its influence on mandible behavior. A cadaveric toothless mandible was used to build three computational models from CT scan information: a full cortical bone model; a cortical and cancellous bone model, and a model where the Young's modulus was obtained as function of the pixel value in a CT scan. Twelve muscle forces were applied on the mandible. Results showed that although all the models presented the same type of global behavior and proximity in some locations, the influence of cancellous bone can be seen in strain distribution. The different Young's modulus defined by the CT scan gray scale influenced the maximum and minimum strains. For modeling general behavior, a full cortical bone model can be effective. However, when cancellous bone is included, maximum values in thin regions increase the strain distribution. Results revealed that when properties are assigned to the gray scale some peaks could occur which did not represent the real situation.

Modeling flow instability of an Algerian sand with the dilatancy rule in CASM

Ramos, Catarina,Fonseca, Antonio Viana da,Vaunat, Jean Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.9 No.6

The aim of the present work was the study of instability in a loose sand from Les Dunes beach in Ain Beninan, Algeria, where the Boumerdes earthquake occurred in 2003. This earthquake caused significant structural damages and claimed the lives of many people. Damages caused to infrastructures were strongly related to phenomena of liquefaction. The study was based on the results of two drained and six undrained triaxial tests over a local sand collected in a region where liquefaction occurred. All the tests hereby analyzed followed compression stress-paths in monotonic conditions and the specimens were isotropically consolidated, since the objective was to study the instability due to static loading as part of a more general project, which also included cyclic studies. The instability was modeled with the second-order work increment criterion. The definition of the instability line for Les Dunes sand and its relation with yield surfaces allowed the identification of the region of potential instability and helped in the evaluation of the susceptibility of soils to liquefy under undrained conditions and its modeling. The dilatancy rate was studied in the points where instability began. Some mixed tests were also simulated, starting with drained conditions and then changing to undrained conditions at different time steps.

Integration of Genome-wide Approaches Identifies lncRNAs of Adult Neural Stem Cells and Their Progeny In Vivo

Ramos, Alexander D.,Diaz, A.,Nellore, A.,Delgado, Ryan N.,Park, K.Y.,Gonzales-Roybal, G.,Oldham, Michael C.,Song, Jun S.,Lim, Daniel A. Cell Press 2013 Cell stem cell Vol.12 No.5

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been described in cell lines and various whole tissues, but lncRNA analysis of development in vivo is limited. Here, we comprehensively analyze lncRNA expression for the adult mouse subventricular zone neural stem cell lineage. We utilize complementary genome-wide techniques including RNA-seq, RNA CaptureSeq, and ChIP-seq to associate specific lncRNAs with neural cell types, developmental processes, and human disease states. By integrating data from chromatin state maps, custom microarrays, and FACS purification of the subventricular zone lineage, we stringently identify lncRNAs with potential roles in adult neurogenesis. shRNA-mediated knockdown of two such lncRNAs, Six3os and Dlx1as, indicate roles for lncRNAs in the glial-neuronal lineage specification of multipotent adult stem cells. Our data and workflow thus provide a uniquely coherent in vivo lncRNA analysis and form the foundation of a user-friendly online resource for the study of lncRNAs in development and disease.

UNCONVENTIONAL DYNAMIC EFFECTS IN PLASTIC WATER PIPE SYSTEMS

RAMOS HELENA,COVAS DIDIA,ALMEIDA A. B. DE 한국수자원학회 2005 한국수자원학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

Effects of Processing Conditions on the Protein Quality of Fried Anchovy Kamaboko Engraulis japonica

Ramos, Leny R. Ordonez,Choi, Nam-Do,Ryu, Hong-Soo The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2012 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.15 No.4

The effects of processing and frozen storage conditions on the quality of anchovy Engraulis japonica fried surimi gels were investigated. Protein content decreased after surimi gel processing from 19.6% (raw meat) to 12.1% (kamaboko) due to the added ingredients and change in water content. Lipid content decreased from 2.8% (raw meat) to 1.3% in minced and 0.5% in surimi, but fried kamaboko showed a 6.9 % lipid level. Thiobarbituric acid values and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were highest in kamaboko samples, 89.5 and 1.9 mg/g solid, and increased gradually with storage time to 101.8 and 4.6 mg/g solid, respectively. In vitro protein digestibility increased from 79.2% in raw anchovy to 88.5% in kamaboko samples. Levels of trypsin inhibitor decreased gradually with processing and during storage time from 2.43 in raw anchovy to 0.31 mg/g solid in the kamaboko sample after 60 days of frozen storage. No noticeable changes in total essential amino acid was observed during processing conditions. Computed protein efficiency ratio for kamaboko was highest (2.59) compared with whole anchovy (1.96), minced (1.94) and surimi (2.50). Fresh fried anchovy kamaboko showed similar values of hardness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness to commercial surimi gel, but a higher values were seen for fracturability and adhesiveness, and lower values for cohesiveness and resilience. The frozen and thawed anchovy kamaboko showed higher values for all of these rheological parameters compared with fresh and commercial kamaboko. Anchovy kamaboko showed the lowest lightness (62.9) and redness (0.16) and similar yellowness (11.9) compared with commercial kamaboko. Frozen storage and vacuum packaging were effective maintaining the shelf life of anchovy kamaboko within 30 days, but were not effective after 45 days due to fat oxidation.

Nanostructured porous graphene and its composites for energy storage applications

Ramos Ferrer Pablo,Mace Annsley,Thomas Samantha N.,Jeon Ju-Won 나노기술연구협의회 2017 Nano Convergence Vol.4 No.29

Graphene, 2D atomic-layer of sp2 carbon, has attracted a great deal of interest for use in solar cells, LEDs, electronic skin, touchscreens, energy storage devices, and microelectronics. This is due to excellent properties of graphene, such as a high theoretical surface area, electrical conductivity, and mechanical strength. The fundamental structure of graphene is also manipulatable, allowing for the formation of an even more extraordinary material, porous graphene. Porous graphene structures can be categorized as microporous, mesoporous, or macroporous depending on the pore size, all with their own unique advantages. These characteristics of graphene, which are further explained in this paper, may be the key to greatly improving a wide range of applications in energy storage systems.

Overexpression and characterization of a novel α-neoagarobiose hydrolase and its application in the production of D-galactonate from <i>Gelidium amansii</i>

Ramos, Kristine Rose M.,Valdehuesa, Kris Niñ,o G.,Maza, Perry Ayn Mayson M.,Nisola, Grace M.,Lee, Won-Keun,Chung, Wook-Jin Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2017 PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY Vol.63 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An α-neoagarobiose hydrolase (α-NABH) from <I>Cellulophaga</I> sp. W5C, designated as AhgI, was identified, purified, and characterized. Its 1227 base pairs of coded sequence translate into a 408-amino acid protein that belongs to the GH117 family. Multiple sequence alignment of AhgI with other known α-NABHs showed 83% homology with AhgA from <I>Zobellia galactanivorans</I>. AhgI had an apparent molecular weight of 45kDa and was highly active at pH 7.0 and 20°C. The <I>K</I> <SUB>m</SUB> and <I>V</I> <SUB>max</SUB> values for neoagarobiose (NA2) were 1.03mM and 10.22U/mg, respectively. Apart from NA2, the enzyme showed activity against other neoagaro-oligosaccharides such as neoagarotetraose (NA4) and neoagarohexaose (NA6). AhgI was then employed in a prototype process to produce D-galactonate from <I>Gelidium amansii</I>. Agar from <I>G. amansii</I> was hydrothermally extracted and then enzymatically hydrolyzed by sequential addition of β-agarases and AhgI. The final hydrolysate containing D-galactose was then utilized for the microbial production of D-galactonate. This is believed to be the first report on the identification and characterization of an α-NABH derived from <I>Cellulophaga</I> species and its subsequent application in the synthesis of a value-added chemical directly from marine macroalgae.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> α-Neoagarobiose hydrolase was identified from <I>Cellulophaga</I> sp. W5C. </LI> <LI> Optimum conditions for enzyme activity are pH 7.0 and 20°C. </LI> <LI> AhgI was active towards neoagarobiose, neoagarotetraose, and neoagarohexaose. </LI> <LI> AhgI was applied for the hydrolysis of agar and subsequent D-galactonate production. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

소아치과의 새로운 비전 - 우식 없는 건강한 치아를 보존하기 위해: 소아치과에서의 CAMBRA 사용

Ramos-Gomez, Francisco,Kim, Young Jae,Ng, Man-Wai,Yang, Stephanie 대한소아치과학회 2013 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.40 No.1

최근 2세에서 5세 사이 소아의 우식 발생율이 상당히 증가하고 있다. 유아기우식증(Early Childhood Caries)은 향후 영구치의 우식 발생 가능성에 대한 예측인자이며 사회 저소득층과 다문화 가정 자녀에서 특히 발생빈도가 높은데, 이는 충분히 예방과 관리가 가능하다. 만1세때부터 정기적으로 치과를 방문하고 이 때 우식위험도를 체계적으로 평가하여 환자들에게 맞춤형 예방 전략을 제시할 수 있기 때문이다. 유아기우식증의 예방을 위한 CAMBRA (Caries Management by Risk Assessment)에 대해 가장 최신의 개념과 사용법을 소개하고자 한다. 소아치과의사는 CAMBRA를 통해 개개인의 위험인자를 분석하여 연령에 따른 적절한 예방법을 수립하고 향후 우식 발생시 치료방향의 지침을 정하게 된다. Early childhood caries prevalence has increased significantly in children ages 2~5 years. ECC disproportionately affects lower socioeconomic and minority groups, is a predictor for future decay, but is preventable and manageable. Caries risk assessment systematically derives a patient's caries risk and is important during an infant oral health visit beginning at age 1. Information obtained through a risk assessment can guide a disease management care path tailored to an individual's age and risk to effectively treat and manage one's caries disease process.

The Philippine Experience : Its Challenges and Contribution to the Pacific Region

Ramos-Shahani, Leticia 仁荷大學校 國際關係硏究所 1986 The Pacific Century Vol.1986 No.-