Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis Prevention: Which Is Better–Autologous Fat versus Gelfoam

Rajpal Karan,Singh Jagdeep,Bahadur Raj,Bansal Kapil,Shyam Radhe,Khatri Kavin 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.3

Study Design: Prospective, randomized study of 100 patients with prolapsed intervertebral disc with an average of 12- to 18-month follow-up postoperatively.Purpose: To compare the role of Gelfoam and autologous fat in the prevention of postoperative epidural fibrosis (EF) after lumbar spine surgery.Overview of Literature: EF is a possible sequelae of lumbar disc surgery. Different treatments and surgical strategies have been attempted to prevent postoperative fibrosis without providing consistent long-term results.Methods: The study was conducted on 100 adult patients. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 patients each: group A, autologous fat group, and group B, Gelfoam group. The postoperative follow-up was conducted at intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Both groups were evaluated clinically (Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire [ODI], Visual Analog Scale [VAS], Straight Leg Raising Test [SLRT]) and radiologically (using Ross grading by contrast magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) for development of radicular pain and hence EF.Results: Based on the analysis, improvement in mean values of ODI score, VAS score, and SLRT were found to be statistically significant postoperatively at intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months when compared individually in both groups. However, improvement was greater in the autologous fat group than in the Gelfoam group. Based on contrast-enhanced MRI, the number of patients who developed EF was smaller in the autologous fat group than in the Gelfoam group.Conclusions: In the present study, on clinical and radiological assessment, we conclude that both groups prevent radicular pain and postoperative EF individually but relatively autologous fat was found to be more effective than Gelfoam in the prevention of EF and hence radicular pain.

Granulocytic dysplasia: an indicator of clonal evolution in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Sweta Rajpal,Ram V. Nampoothiri,Sreejesh Sreedharanunni,Mayur Parihar,Pankaj Malhotra,Neelam Varma 대한혈액학회 2018 Blood Research Vol.53 No.2

Granulocytic dysplasia: an indicator of clonal evolution in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Sweta Rajpal,Ram V. Nampoothiri,Sreejesh Sreedharanunni,Mayur Parihar,Pankaj Malhotra,Neelam Varma 대한혈액학회 2018 Blood Research Vol.53 No.2

$k$-Prime cordial graphs

R. Ponraj,Rajpal Singh,R. Kala,S. Sathish Narayanan 한국전산응용수학회 2016 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.34 No.3

In this paper we introduce a new graph labeling called $k$-prime cordial labeling. Let $G$ be a $(p,q)$ graph and $2\leq p\leq k$. Let $f:V(G)\to\{1,2, \ldots, k\}$ be a map. For each edge $uv$, assign the label $\gcd {(f(u), f(v))}$. $f$ is called a $k$-prime cordial labeling of $G$ if $\left|v_{f}(i)-v_{f}(j)\right|\leq 1$, $i,j\in\{1,2,\ldots, k\}$ and $\left|e_{f}(0)-e_{f}(1)\right|\leq 1$ where $v_{f}(x)$ denotes the number of vertices labeled with $x$, $e_{f}(1)$ and $e_{f}(0)$ respectively denote the number of edges labeled with $1$ and not labeled with $1$. A graph with a $k$-prime cordial labeling is called a $k$-prime cordial graph. In this paper we investigate the $k$-prime cordial labeling behavior of a star and we have proved that every graph is a subgraph of a $k$-prime cordial graph. Also we investigate the $3$-prime cordial labeling behavior of path, cycle, complete graph, wheel, comb and some more standard graphs.

k-PRIME CORDIAL GRAPHS

PONRAJ, R.,SINGH, RAJPAL,KALA, R.,NARAYANAN, S. SATHISH The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2016 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.34 No.3

In this paper we introduce a new graph labeling called k-prime cordial labeling. Let G be a (p, q) graph and 2 ≤ p ≤ k. Let f : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , k} be a map. For each edge uv, assign the label gcd (f(u), f(v)). f is called a k-prime cordial labeling of G if |v_f (i) − v_f (j)| ≤ 1, i, j ∈ {1, 2, . . . , k} and |e_f (0) − e_f (1)| ≤ 1 where v_f (x) denotes the number of vertices labeled with x, e_f (1) and e_f (0) respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and not labeled with 1. A graph with a k-prime cordial labeling is called a k-prime cordial graph. In this paper we investigate the k-prime cordial labeling behavior of a star and we have proved that every graph is a subgraph of a k-prime cordial graph. Also we investigate the 3-prime cordial labeling behavior of path, cycle, complete graph, wheel, comb and some more standard graphs.

REPRESENTATIONS OF C^*-TERNARY RINGS

Arpit Kansal,Ajay Kumar,Vandana Rajpal Korean Mathematical Society 2023 대한수학회논문집 Vol.38 No.1

It is proved that there is a one to one correspondence between representations of C^*-ternary ring M and C^*-algebra 𝒜(M). We discuss primitive and modular ideals of a C^*-ternary ring and prove that a closed ideal I is primitive or modular if and only if so is the ideal 𝒜(I) of 𝒜(M). We also show that a closed ideal in M is primitive if and only if it is the kernel of some irreducible representation of M. Lastly, we obtain approximate identity characterization of strongly quasi-central C^*-ternary ring and the ideal structure of the TRO V ⊗^tmin B for a C^*-algebra B.

Tensile Properties, Cell Adhesion, and Drug Release Behavior of Chitosan-Silver-Gelatin Nanohybrid Films and Scaffolds

V. K. Rana,Omkar S. Kushwaha,RajPal Singh,Satyendra Mishra,하창식 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.9

Drug-loaded nanohybrid films and porous scaffolds were prepared using chitosan, Ag nanoparticles and gelatin using a solution casting and freeze-drying method, respectively. Gelatin was used to incorporate the cell onto the surface of the scaffolds and the nanohybrid films. 1-[2-hydroxyethyl]-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole) (Metronidazole (MTZ) was used as a model drug. The small percentage of Ag nanoparticles in the nanohybrid films and scaffolds produced significantly higher cell proliferation and levels of drug release. The tensile properties showed improvement in strength by Ag nanoparticles reinforcement at the expense of elongation.

Controlling the drug-resistant tuberculosis epidemic in India: challenges and implications

Aliabbas A,Husain1,Andreas Kupz,Rajpal S,Kashyap 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

India has a higher tuberculosis (TB) burden than any other country, accounting for an estimated one-fourth of the global burden. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) presents a major public health problem in India. Patients with DR-TB often require profound changes in their drug regimens, which are invariably linked to poor treatment adherence and sub-optimal treatment outcomes compared to drug-sensitive TB. The challenge of addressing DR-TB is critical for India, as India contributes over 27% of global DR-TB cases. In recent decades, India has been proactive in its battle against TB, even implementing a revised National Strategic Plan to eliminate TB by 2025. However, to achieve this ambitious goal, the country will need to take a multifaceted approach with respect to its management of DR-TB. Despite concerted efforts made by the National TB Elimination Program, India faces substantial challenges with regard to DR-TB care, especially in peripheral and resource-limited endemic zones. This article describes some of the major challenges associated with mitigating the growing DR-TB epidemic in India and their implications.

INDUCTIVE LIMIT IN THE CATEGORY OF C^* -TERNARY RINGS

Arpit, Kansal,Ajay, Kumar,Vandana, Rajpal Korean Mathematical Society 2023 대한수학회보 Vol.60 No.1

We show the existence of inductive limit in the category of C^*-ternary rings. It is proved that the inductive limit of C^*-ternary rings commutes with the functor 𝓐 in the sense that if (M_n, ϕ_n) is an inductive system of C^*-ternary rings, then $\lim_{\rightarrow}$ 𝓐(M_n) = 𝓐$(\lim_{\rightarrow}\;M_{n})$. Some local properties (such as nuclearity, exactness and simplicity) of inductive limit of C^*-ternary rings have been investigated. Finally we obtain $\lim_{\rightarrow}\;M_{n}^{**}$ = $(\lim_{\rightarrow}\;M_{n})^{**}$.

Assessment of immunological markers and booster effects of Ag85B peptides, Ag85B, and BCG in blood of BCG vaccinated children: a preliminary report

Aliabbas A. Husain,Hatim F. Daginawla,Lokendra Singh,Rajpal S Kashyap 대한백신학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.5 No.1

Purpose: In the present study, the protective immunological markers in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccinated and unvaccinated children were evaluated after vaccination. Further, PBMCs of children with low protective levels were boosted with BCG, Ag85B, and Ag85B peptides to study their booster effects to increase waning BCG induced immunity. Materials and Methods: Fifty children from 1 month to 18 years of age were randomized for the study. Blood samples were collected from 27 participants with/without BCG vaccination. Immunological markers (anti-BCG, interferon γ [IFN-γ], and adenosine deaminase activity) were assessed in both serum and PBMCs of children. Children with low levels of protective immunological markers were further recruited and their PBMCs were boosted with BCG, Ag85B, and Ag85B peptides. Results: Children in age group of 4-6 years were associated with significantly (p<0.05) higher BCG-specific IgG and IFN-γ levels compared to those in age group greater than 10 years. Vaccinated children had greater repertoire of immunological memory which on in vitro stimulation with BCG showed increase in BCG-specific response compared to unvaccinated controls. Assessment of booster effects of BCG, Ag85B, and Ag85B peptides in PBMCs of children revealed greater potential of peptides to boost BCG induced immunity compared to BCG and Ag85B. Conclusion: To conclude, children within age 4-6 years are associated with high immunological markers which eventually diminish with age thereby suggesting need for booster dose in later years. Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides along with BCG may be used as attractive candidates to boost such waning BCG induced immunity in children.