http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Rahul,Singh, Pramod K.,Singh, Rahul,Singh, Vijay,Tomar, S.K.,Bhattacharya, B.,Khan, Zishan H. Elsevier 2017 Materials research bulletin Vol.89 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A nanocrystalline sensitizer CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> is synthesized by reacting methylammonium iodide with lead iodide, and its structural and photovoltaic properties were studied. In this paper we have succeeded in achieving a promising way of synthesizing powder and crystals of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I. The powder of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I was synthesized by making a solution of methyl amine and hydroiodic acid (HI) while for getting the crystal of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I the same procedure was followed with the treatment of ethanol and further CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I powder solution was left in refrigerator (48h). For synthesize perovskite solution of powder and crystal, the equimolar ratio of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I and PbI<SUB>2</SUB> were mixed in gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) solution. The powder and crystal solution of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> were further characterized using various experimental techniques such as x-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), UV⬜visible absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A standard perovskite sensitized solar cell (PSSC) has been fabricated using CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> perovskite and polyethylene oxide (PEO) solid polymer electrolyte.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Clearcut comparative data of perovskite powder vs crystal. </LI> <LI> First clearcut evidence of beneficiality of crystals of pervoskite. </LI> <LI> Science behind PSSC datas are successfully presented. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P> <P>Shows the formation of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> (a) synthesised precipitate of methyl ammonium iodide (b) recrystallized perovskite (c) Solution of methyl ammonium tri-lead iodide.</P>
Rahul,Kulbhushan Haldeniya,Ashish Singh,Neha Bhatt,Prabhakar Mishra,Rajneesh Kumar Singh,Rajan Saxena 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: Re-resection of incidental gallbladder carcinoma (IGBC) is possible in a select group of patients. However, the optimal timing for re-intervention lacks consensus. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for a prospective database of 91 patients with IGBC managed from 2009 to 2018. Patients were divided into three groups based on the duration between the index cholecystectomy and re-operation or final staging: Early (E), < 4 weeks; Intermediate (I), > 4 weeks and < 12 weeks; and Late (L), > 12 weeks. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, and operative details of patients were analyzed to determine factors affecting the re-resectability of IGBC. Results: Twenty-two patients in ‘E’, 48 in ‘I’, and 21 in ‘L’ groups were evenly matched. Nearly two thirds were asymptomatic. Curative resection was possible in 48 (52.7%) patients. Metastasis was detected during staging laparoscopy (SL)/laparotomy in 26 (28.6%) patients. The yield of SL was more in the ‘L’ group (30.8%) than in the ‘I’ (11.1%) or ‘E’ (nil) group, avoiding unnecessary laparotomy in 13.6%. Only 28.5% of patients in the ‘L’ group could undergo curative resection (R0/R1 resection), significantly less than that in the ‘E’ (50.0%) or ‘I’ group (64.6%) (both p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, presentation in intermediate period and tumor differentiation increased the chance of curative resection (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Asymptomatic patients in the ‘I’ group with well differentiated IGBC have the best chance of obtaining a curative resection.
Rahul Sinha(Rahul Sinha ),Sonali Singh(Sonali Singh ),Gautam Kamila(Gautam Kamila ),Ashish Upadhyay(Ashish Upadhyay ) 대한소아신경학회 2022 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.31 No.1
Purpose: This study investigated the diagnostic utility of short-term video electroencephalography (EEG) recordings at a tertiary care center in North India. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 30 minutes of video EEG recordings done between January 2021 and January 2022 in children between 1 and 10 years of age. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the EEG register. Age, sex, the clinical diagnosis, the number of anti-seizure medicines (ASMs), the activation procedures used, and EEG abnormalities were recorded. Results: Data from 100 children (male-to-female ratio, 1.9:1) were analysed. The mean age was 5.39±2.02 years. The indications for EEG recordings were epileptic disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, paroxysmal non-epileptic events, and miscellaneous in 66%, 18%, 9%, and 7% of children, respectively. EEG abnormalities were seen in 50 children (50%) and about 45% of children were on two or more ASMs. EEG abnormalities in sleep were seen in 35 of 66 (53%) children, whereas abnormalities were observed on awake recordings with activation procedures (hyperventilation and photic) in 23 of 34 (68%) children; this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.16) Conclusion: EEG abnormalities were significantly more common in children taking multiple ASMs; however, there was no statistically significant difference in the EEG yield between asleep and awake records with activation procedures. A better selection of patients for routine EEG, through an assessment of their clinical history and comorbidities, is warranted to increase its diagnostic yield.
Snake Venom Phospholipase A2 and its Natural Inhibitors
Rahul Shrivastava,Mohammad Yasir,Ruchi Khare,Manish Kumar Tripath,Rahul Shrivastava 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.4
Snakebite is a severe medical, economic, and social problem across the world, mostly in the tropical and subtropical area. These regions of the globe have typical of the world's venomous snakes present where access to prompt treatment is limited or not available. Snake venom is a complex mixture of toxin proteins like neurotoxin and cardiotoxin, and other enzymes like phospholipase A2 (PLA2), haemorrhaging, transaminase, hyaluronidase, phosphodiesterase, acetylcholinesterase, cytolytic and necrotic toxins. Snake venom shows a wide range of biological effects like anticoagulation or platelet aggregation, hemolysis, hypotension and edema. Phospholipase A2 is the principal constituent of snake venom; it catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids to liberate arachidonic acid, which is the precursor of eicosanoids including prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The information regarding the structure and function of the phospholipase A2 enzyme may help in treating the snakebite victims. This review article constitutes a brief description of the structure, types, mechanism occurrence, and tests of phospholipase A2 and role of components of medicinal plants used to inhibit phospholipase A2.