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- 저자 : R. Stahl (검색결과 3 건)
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Jack M. Qian,John M. Stahl,Melissa R. Young,Elena Ratner,Shari Damast 대한부인종양학회 2017 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.28 No.6
Objective: To examine the outcomes (tolerability, toxicity, and recurrence) of vaginalbrachytherapy (VBT) among endometrial cancer (EC) patients treated with small cylinder size. Methods: Patients with EC who received adjuvant VBT between September 2011 andDecember 2015 were reviewed. Patients were fitted with the largest vaginal cylinder theycould comfortably accommodate, from 2.0–3.0 cm diameter. Small cylinders were defined assize 2.3 cm or less. Patient, tumor, or treatment characteristics were correlated with need forsmall cylinders. Treatment tolerability, measures of gastrointestinal (GI), genitourinary (GU),and vaginal toxicity, and rates of recurrence were analyzed. Results: Three hundred four patients were included. Small cylinders were used in 51 patients(17%). Normal body mass index (BMI; p<0.001), nulligravidity (p<0.001), and shorter vaginallength (p<0.001) were associated with small cylinder size. There was no acute or late grade 3toxicity. Rates of acute (grade 1–2) GI, GU, or vaginal symptoms were low (10%, 11%, and 19%,respectively). Small cylinder size was associated with increased likelihood of reporting acuteGI (p<0.05) but not GU or vaginal symptoms. Small cylinder size was associated with higherrisk of grade 1–2 vaginal stenosis (odds ratio [OR]=4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.5–14.7;p=0.007). There was no association between cylinder size and recurrence rate (p=0.55). Conclusion: VBT is generally very well tolerated, however, patients fitted with smallercylinders (commonly nulligravid and low BMI) may have increased side effects. Further studyto improve the dosimetry of VBT for patients requiring small cylinders may be worthwhile.
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Marian, Christel M.,Kock, Sebastian C.,Hundsdorfer, Claas,Martin, Hans-Dieter,Stahl, Wilhelm,Ostroumov, Evgeny,Muller, Marc G.,Holzwarth, Alfred R. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.2
For the natural carotenoid 3,3'-dihydroxyisorenieratene (DHIR) and two synthetic derivatives, 3,3'-dihydroxy-16,17,18,16',17',18'-hexanor-$\Phi$,$\Phi$-carotene (DHHC) and $\Phi$,$\Phi$-carotene-3,3'-dione (DHIRQ, isorenieratene-3,3'-dione), steady state absorption experiments and combined density functional and multi-reference configuration interaction calculations were carried out. In addition, femtosecond transient absorption spectra were recorded for DHIR. Due to their marked out-of-plane distortion in DHIR, the phenolic end groups participate only partially in the conjugation system. In the low-energy regime its absorption spectrum with the maximum at $21\;700\;cm^{-1}$ in acetone solution therefore closely resembles that of $\beta$-carotene, the same as for the $T_1$ energy. Further similarities are also found for the decay kinetics of the optically bright $1^1{B_u}^+$ state of these compounds. After femtosecond excitation, the $1^1{B_u}^+$ population of DHIR decays with a lifetime of 110 fs to the vibrationally hot $2^1{A_g}^-$,v state which in turn relaxes to the $2^1{A_g}^-$,0 state within 500 fs. Decay of the $2^1{A_g}^-$,0 state to the $S_0$ state occurs at a time scale of 12 ps. Demethylation of the phenolic end groups alleviates the steric repulsion by the polyene chain and causes a small red shift ($1000\;cm^{-1}$) comparing the absorption spectra of DHHC and DHIR. Oxidation of DHIR leads to drastic changes of the electronic and geometric properties. The quinoid end groups of DHIRQ are fully integrated into the conjugation system, shifting the absorption maximum to $17\;800\;cm^{-1}$ in acetone solution which thus takes a blue color. The results of the quantum chemical calculations indicate that, in addition to the $2^1{A_g}^-$ ($S_1$) state, two dark internal charge-transfer singlet states and the $1^1{B_u}^-$ state might be located energetically below the optically bright $1^1{B_u}^+$ ($S_5$) state of DHIRQ.
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