Numerical Calculation of the Heat Transfer Coefficient in a Turbulent Particle Pipe Flow

R. Avila,J. Cervantes 대한기계학회 1993 International Symposium on Transport Phenomena in Vol.2 No.1

TRANSFORMATION OF DIMENSIONLESS HEAT DIFFUSION EQUATION FOR THE SOLUTION OF DYNAMIC DOMAIN IN PHASE CHANGE PROBLEMS

MUHAMMAD ASHRAF,R. AVILA,S. S. RAZA 한국산업응용수학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and A Vol.13 No.1

In the present work transformation of dimensionless heat diffusion equation for the solution of moving boundary problems have been formulated. The formulation is based on 1-D, 2-D and 3-D, unsteady heat diffusion equations. These equations are first turned into dimensionless form by using dimensionless quantities and their transformation was formulated in liquid and solid phases. The salient feature of this work is that during the transformation of dimensionless heat diffusion equation there arises a convective term v which is responsible for the motion of interface in liquid as well as solid phase. In the transformed heat equation, a correction factor β also arises naturally which gives the correct transformed flux at interface.

Transformation of Dimensionless Heat Diffusion Equation for the Solution of Dynamic Domain in Phase Change Problems

Muhammad Ashraf,R. Avila,S. S. Raza 한국산업응용수학회(구 한국산업정보응용수학회) 2009 한국산업정보응용수학회 Vol.13 No.1

In the present work transformation of dimensionless heat diffusion equation for the solution of moving boundary problems have been formulated. The formulation is based on 1-D, 2-D and 3-D, unsteady heat diffusion equations. These equations are first turned into dimensionless form by using dimensionless quantities and their transformation was formulated in liquid and solid phases. The salient feature of this work is that during the transformation of dimensionless heat diffusion equation there arises a convective term v which is responsible for the motion of interface in liquid as well as solid phase. In the transformed heat equation, a correction factor β also arises naturally which gives the correct transformed flux at interface.

Structure of Full-Length SMC and Rearrangements Required for Chromosome Organization

Diebold-Durand, Marie-Laure,Lee, Hansol,Ruiz Avila, Laura B.,Noh, Haemin,Shin, Ho-Chul,Im, Haeri,Bock, Florian P.,Bü,rmann, Frank,Durand, Alexandre,Basfeld, Alrun,Ham, Sihyun,Basquin, Jé,r&o Cell Press 2017 Molecular cell Vol.67 No.2

<▼1><P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Multi-subunit SMC complexes control chromosome superstructure and promote chromosome disjunction, conceivably by actively translocating along DNA double helices. SMC subunits comprise an ABC ATPase “head” and a “hinge” dimerization domain connected by a 49 nm coiled-coil “arm.” The heads undergo ATP-dependent engagement and disengagement to drive SMC action on the chromosome. Here, we elucidate the architecture of prokaryotic Smc dimers by high-throughput cysteine cross-linking and crystallography. Co-alignment of the Smc arms tightly closes the interarm space and misaligns the Smc head domains at the end of the rod by close apposition of their ABC signature motifs. Sandwiching of ATP molecules between Smc heads requires them to substantially tilt and translate relative to each other, thereby opening up the Smc arms. We show that this mechanochemical gating reaction regulates chromosome targeting and propose a mechanism for DNA translocation based on the merging of DNA loops upon closure of Smc arms.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>•<P>Crystallography and in vivo cross-linking reveal the architecture of prokaryotic Smc</P>•<P>Juxtaposition of the Smc arms misaligns the two Smc ATPase domains</P>•<P>Smc head engagement mechanically opens an interarm space</P>•<P>A model for DNA loop extrusion driven by the SMC ATPase cycle is presented</P></P></▼2><▼3><P>By combining high-throughput in vivo cysteine cross-linking and crystallography, Diebold-Durand et al. construct a high-resolution model of full-length prokaryotic Smc. It reveals that the rod-shaped Smc dimer lacks chambers for DNA and features misaligned head domains. Smc head engagement mechanically opens an interarm space.</P></▼3>

Association of Metastasis with Clinicopathological Data in Mexican Patients with Osteosarcoma, Giant Cell Tumor of Bone and Chondrosarcoma

Estrada-Villaseor, E,Escamilla-Uribe, R,De la Garza-Montano, P,Dominguez-Rubio, R,Martinez-Lopez, V,Avila-Luna, A,Alfaro-Rodriguez, A,Ruvalcaba-Paredes, EK,Garciadiego-Cazares, D,Bandala, C Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Bone tumors are neoplasias with a high overall mortality; one of the main factors that reduce survival is their high capacity to develop metastases. It has been reported that finding lung metastases at diagnosis of osteosarcoma (OS), chondrosarcoma (CS) and giant cell tumor of bone (GCTb) is quite common. In this study, we inquire the relationship of metastases caused by these tumors with different clinical and pathological aspects, in order to guide medical personnel in the diagnosis and opportune treatment of metastases or micro metastases. Materials and Methods: We collected data of 384 patients with clinical, radiological and histopathological diagnosis of OS, GCTb and CS that attended the National Rehabilitation Institute (INR) during 2006 to 2014. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed for data analysis. Results: In the three tumor types, the presence of metastases at diagnosis was variable (p=0.0001). Frequency of metastases was 36.7%, 31.7% and 13.2% for OS, CS and GCTb respectively. The average age had no significant difference (p>0.05) in relation to metastases, even so, patients with OS and GCTb and metastases, were older while patients with CS and metastases were younger, in comparison to patients without metastases. Males had a higher frequency of metastases (68.2%, p = 0.09) in contrast to CS and GCTb, in which the metastases was more frequent in women with 51.9% (p = 0.44) and 57.9% (p = 0.56) respectively. Broadly, metastasis was associated with primary tumors located in the femur (44.4%), followed by the tibia (15.6%); metastases was more frequent when primary tumor of GCTb and OS were in the same bones, but were located in the hip (26.3%) for CS. Conclusions: The frequency of metastases in OS, GCTb and CS is high in our population and is determined by different clinicopathological variables related to the kind of tumor. Further studies are needed in order to evaluate metastases subsequent to diagnosis and associations with survival and clinicopathological factors, as well as to determine the sensitivity and specificity of current methods of detection.

Epidemiological Aspects of Osteosarcoma, Giant Cell Tumor and Chondrosarcoma Musculoskeletal Tumors - Experience of the National Rehabilitation Institute, Mexico City

DelaGarza-Montano, P,Estrada-Villasenor, E,Dominguez Rubio, R,Martinez-Lopez, V,Avila-Luna, A,Alfaro-Rodriguez, A,Garciadiego-Cazares, D,Carlos, A,Hernandez-Perez, AD,Bandala, C Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: Primary bone neoplasms are rare, contributing only 0.2% of the global burden of all human malignancies. Osteosarcoma (OS) and chondrosarcoma (CS) are the most common malignancies of bone. The giant cell tumor of bone (GCTb) is a benign tumor with behavior characterized by osteolytic bone destruction. The OS, CS and GCTb affect both sexes, all races and generally have incidence peaks regarding the age of the patient which vary according to the tumor type. We analyzed the incidences of OS, CS and GCTb and their relations with gender and age in patients treated in the National Rehabilitation Institute (INR, for its acronym in Spanish) over a period of nine years. Materials and Methods: In the study period, clinic pathological data for 384 patients were obtained with clinical, radiological and histopathological diagnosis for OS, GCTb and CS. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Results: From 2006 to 2014 were recorded 384 cases of bone malignancies in the database of INR. The GCTb had the highest incidence (53.1%), followed by OS (31.3%) and finally the CS (15.6%). The overall average age was $33.6{\pm}15.8$ years and the overall frequency of gender had a ratio of 1/1.03 male/female. The states with the highest incidence were Distrito Federal and Estado de Mexico with 29.2% and 25.3% respectively. Malignant neoplasms of bone assessed in the course of nine years show three significant increases in 2008, 2011 and 2014 (p=0.14). We found association between sex and tumor type (p=0.03), GCTb and CS predominated in females (54.9% and 56.6% respectively), while for the OS males were most affected (59.1%). Age was different in relation with tumor type (p=0.0001), average age was $24.3{\pm}11.2$ years for OS, $34.5{\pm}13$ years for GCTb and $49.2{\pm}18.5$ years for CS. Furthermore, associations of tumor type with topographic location of the primary tumor (P=0.0001) were found. Conclusions: In this study we can see that incidence of musculoskeletal tumor in our population is continuously increasing and in nine years an approximately 200% increase of musculoskeletal tumor cases was observed.

Use of adipose-derived stem cells in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration

Forte, Antonio Jorge,Boczar, Daniel,Sarabia-Estrada, Rachel,Huayllani, Maria T.,Avila, Francisco R.,Torres, Ricardo A.,Guliyeva, Gunel,Aung, Thiha,Quinones-Hinojosa, Alfredo Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2021 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.48 No.5

The potential to differentiate into different cell lines, added to the easy and cost-effective method of extraction, makes adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) an object of interest in lymphedema treatment. Our study's goal was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review of the use of ADSCs in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration. On July 23, 2019, using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Clinical Answers, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase databases, we conducted a systematic review of published literature on the use of ADSCs in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration. There were no language or time frame limitations, and the following search strategy was applied: ((Adipose stem cell) OR Adipose-derived stem cell)) AND ((Lymphedema) OR Breast Cancer Lymphedema). Only original research manuscripts were included. Fourteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Eleven studies were experimental (in vitro or in vivo in animals), and only three were clinical. Publications on the topic demonstrated that ADSCs promote lymphangiogenesis, and its effect could be enhanced by modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-C, interleukin-7, prospero homeobox protein 1, and transforming growth factor-β1. Pilot clinical studies included 11 patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema, and no significant side effects were present at 12-month follow-up. Literature on the use of ADSCs in lymphatic tissue engineering and regeneration demonstrated promising data. Clinical evidence is still in its infancy, but the scientific community agrees that ADSCs can be useful in regenerative lymphangiogenesis. Data collected in this review indicate that unprecedented advances in lymphedema treatment can be anticipated in the upcoming years.