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Extraction of chitin from white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) shells using binary ionic liquid mixtures
Qiqi Dong,Weiqiang Qiu,Li Li,Ningping Tao,Ashley Liang Wang,Shanggui Deng,Yinzhe Jin 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-
Binary ionic liquid mixtures (IL) were used for the first time to extract chitin from shrimp shells. Twoionic liquids, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate ([EMIM][Ac]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromidesalt ([BMIM][Br]), were mixed at ratios of 0:1, 1:1, 3:2, 4:1, and 1:0 and the properties of the IL andthe characteristics of extracted chitin were investigated. With an increase in proportion of [EMIM][Ac],the viscosity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss of IL gradually decreased (p < 0.05), whereas the conductivity,radius of gyration increased (p < 0.05). The best quality of chitin using IL (3:2) was achievedwhen the viscosity, conductivity, and radius of gyration were 0.16 ± 0.00 Pa s, 0.30 ± 0.01 S/m, and 0.10 ± 0.00 nm, respectively. The yield of chitin extraction using IL was 35.72 ± 0.31 %, and this was approximately2.04 times higher than that using the acid-base method (17.50 ± 0.16 %). The Whiteness index(WI) of chitin extracted using IL (3:2) (94.93 ± 0.09) was better than commercial chitin (93.31 ± 0.11),and the secondary structure, surface morphology and thermal stability were similar to commercial chitin. Therefore, the binary ionic liquid mixture can be used as an effective green solvent to extract chitin fromshrimp shells.
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Study on the function of Helicoverpa armigera Wnt1 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 system
Fu Xiaozheng,Li Rui,Qiu Qiqi,Wang Mengke,Zhao Te,Zhou Lin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1
The Wnt signaling pathway, as a highly conserved signaling pathway in evolution, plays an important role in many biological processes. The research of Wnt signaling pathway through gene editing has been implemented in a variety of organisms. Among the various genome editing tools available for functional genomic research, CRISPR is popular because of its ease of use and versatility. Here, we use the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out the HaWnt1 gene of the important agricultural pest Helicoverpa armigera to explore the impacts on embryo development. Direct injection of Cas9 protein and Wnt1-specific single guide RNA (sgRNA) into H. armigera embryos successfully induced Wnt1 gene deletion mutants, which showed high lethality, abnormal segmenta tion, defected appendages and defected pigmentation. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the deletion of Wnt1 gene affected the expression of several genes, which were closely related to the growth and development of insects. Our results indicate that HaWnt1 signaling pathway is essential for embryonic development of H. armigera. The study of the function of HaWnt1 gene not only lays the foundation for the study of the somatic development pattern of H. armigera, but also provides a candidate gene for genetic control of H. armigera.
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