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China : in the East Asia Financial Crisis
Peng Yun-E 대한교통학회 1998 대한교통학회 기타자료 Vol.1998 No.-
This paper reviewed the East Asia financial crisis, how China reacts to its impact, and what lessons should be learned from the crisis.
Wang, Kai,Peng, Xiao-xin,Liu, Ao-fei,Zhang, Ying-ying,Lv, Jin,Xiang, Li,Liu, Yun-e,Jiang, Wei-jian The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.5
Objective : Covered stenting is an optional strategy for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm, especially in malignant conditions of potential rupture, but the long-term outcomes are not clear. Our aim was to determine if covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm with promising long-term outcomes. Methods : Self-expanding Viabahn and balloon-expandable Willis covered stents were separately implanted for extra- and intracranial traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm. The covered stent was placed across the distal and proximal pseudoaneurysm leakage under roadmap guidance. Procedural success was defined as technical success (complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery) without a primary end point (any stroke or death within 30 days after the procedure). Long-term outcomes were evaluated as ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery by clinical follow-up through outpatient or telephone consultation and as the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery by imaging follow-up through angiography. Results : Five patients with traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm who underwent covered stenting were enrolled. The procedural success rate was 100%. No ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery was recorded in any of the five patients during a mean clinical follow-up of 44±16 months. Complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery were maintained in all five patients during a mean imaging follow-up of 39±16 months. Conclusion : Satisfactory procedural and long-term outcomes were obtained, suggesting that covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm.
Kai Wang,Xiao-xin Peng,Ao-fei Liu,Ying-ying Zhang,Jin Lv,Li Xiang,Yun-e Liu,Wei-jian Jiang 대한신경외과학회 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.5
Objective : Covered stenting is an optional strategy for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm, especially in malignant conditions of potential rupture, but the long-term outcomes are not clear. Our aim was to determine if covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm with promising long-term outcomes. Methods : Self-expanding Viabahn and balloon-expandable Willis covered stents were separately implanted for extra- and intracranial traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm. The covered stent was placed across the distal and proximal pseudoaneurysm leakage under roadmap guidance. Procedural success was defined as technical success (complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery) without a primary end point (any stroke or death within 30 days after the procedure). Longterm outcomes were evaluated as ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery by clinical follow-up through outpatient or telephone consultation and as the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery by imaging follow-up through angiography. Results : Five patients with traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm who underwent covered stenting were enrolled. The procedural success rate was 100%. No ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery was recorded in any of the five patients during a mean clinical follow-up of 44±16 months. Complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery were maintained in all five patients during a mean imaging follow-up of 39±16 months. Conclusion : Satisfactory procedural and long-term outcomes were obtained, suggesting that covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm.
Flexible Optical Waveguides for Uniform Periscleral Cross-Linking
Kwok, Sheldon J. J.,Kim, Moonseok,Lin, Harvey H.,Seiler, Theo G.,Beck, Eric,Shao, Peng,Kochevar, Irene E.,Seiler, Theo,Yun, Seok-Hyun The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthal 2017 Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Vol.58 No.5
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Scleral cross-linking (SXL) with a photosensitizer and light is a potential strategy to mechanically reinforce the sclera and prevent progressive axial elongation responsible for severe myopia. Current approaches for light delivery to the sclera are cumbersome, do not provide uniform illumination, and only treat a limited area of sclera. To overcome these challenges, we developed flexible optical waveguides optimized for efficient, homogeneous light delivery.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Waveguides were fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. Blue light (445 nm) is coupled into the waveguide with an input fiber. Light delivery efficiency from the waveguide to scleral tissue was measured and fit to a theoretical model. SXL was performed on fresh porcine eyes stained with 0.5% riboflavin, using irradiances of 0, 25, and 50 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> around the entire equator of the eye. Stiffness of scleral strips was characterized with tensiometry.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Light delivery with a waveguide of tapered thickness (1.4–0.5 mm) enhanced the uniformity of light delivery, compared to a flat waveguide, achieving a coefficient of variation of less than 10%. At 8% strain, sclera cross-linked with the waveguides at 50 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> for 30 minutes had a Young's modulus of 10.7 ± 1.0 MPa, compared to 5.9 ± 0.5 MPa for no irradiation, with no difference in stiffness between proximally and distally treated halves. The stiffness of waveguide-irradiated samples did not differ from direct irradiation at the same irradiance.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>We developed flexible waveguides for periscleral cross-linking. We demonstrated efficient and uniform stiffening of a 5-mm-wide equatorial band of scleral tissue.</P>