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Adsorption Materials and Processes for Carbon Capture from Gas-Fired Power Plants: AMPGas
Gibson, J. A. Arran,Mangano, Enzo,Shiko, Elenica,Greenaway, Alex G.,Gromov, Andrei V.,Lozinska, Magdalena M.,Friedrich, Daniel,Campbell, Eleanor E. B.,Wright, Paul A.,Brandani, Stefano American Chemical Society 2016 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.55 No.13
<P>The key challenge in postcombustion capture from gas-fired power plants is related to the low CO2 concentration in the flue gas (4-8% by volume). This means that conventional amine processes will result in a relatively high energy penalty, whereas novel adsorbents and adsorption processes have the potential to improve the efficiency of separation. High-selectivity adsorbents are required to achieve relatively high CO2 uptake at low partial pressures, which means that the separation process should be based on either very strong physisorption or chemisorption with thermal regeneration. From the process point of view, the main challenge is to develop efficient separation processes with rapid thermal cycles. In this report we present a detailed overview of the methodology behind the development of novel materials and processes as part of the 'Adsorption Materials and Processes for Gas-fired power plants' (AMPGas) project. Examples from a wide variety of materials tested are presented, and the design of an innovative bench-scale 12-column rotary wheel adsorber system is discussed. The strategy to design, characterize, and test novel materials (zeolites, amine-containing MOFs, amine-based silicas, amine-based activated carbons, and carbon nanotubes), specifically designed for CO2 capture from dilute streams is presented.</P>
Al-Husseini, Wijdan,Chen, Yizhou,Gondro, Cedric,Herd, Robert M.,Gibson, John P.,Arthur, Paul F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.10
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate expression of mRNAs in many biological pathways. Liver plays an important role in the feed efficiency of animals and high and low efficient cattle demonstrated different gene expression profiles by microarray. Here we report comprehensive miRNAs profiles by next-gen deep sequencing in Angus cattle divergently selected for residual feed intake (RFI) and identify miRNAs related to feed efficiency in beef cattle. Two microRNA libraries were constructed from pooled RNA extracted from livers of low and high RFI cattle, and sequenced by Illumina genome analyser. In total, 23,628,103 high quality short sequence reads were obtained and more than half of these reads were matched to the bovine genome (UMD 3.1). We identified 305 known bovine miRNAs. Bta-miR-143, bta-miR-30, bta-miR-122, bta-miR-378, and bta-let-7 were the top five most abundant miRNAs families expressed in liver, representing more than 63% of expressed miRNAs. We also identified 52 homologous miRNAs and 10 novel putative bovine-specific miRNAs, based on precursor sequence and the secondary structure and utilizing the miRBase (v. 21). We compared the miRNAs profile between high and low RFI animals and ranked the most differentially expressed bovine known miRNAs. Bovine miR-143 was the most abundant miRNA in the bovine liver and comprised 20% of total expressed mapped miRNAs. The most highly expressed miRNA in liver of mice and humans, miR-122, was the third most abundant in our cattle liver samples. We also identified 10 putative novel bovine-specific miRNA candidates. Differentially expressed miRNAs between high and low RFI cattle were identified with 18 miRNAs being up-regulated and 7 other miRNAs down-regulated in low RFI cattle. Our study has identified comprehensive miRNAs expressed in bovine liver. Some of the expressed miRNAs are novel in cattle. The differentially expressed miRNAs between high and low RFI give some insights into liver miRNAs regulating physiological pathways underlying variation in this measure of feed efficiency in bovines.
Inheritance of Yield and Yield-related Traits in Highland Maize Hybrids of Uganda
Hellen Ninsiima Kayaga,Frank Kagoda,Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula,Boris Mahulé Elysé Alladassi,Godfrey Asea,Paul Gibson,Richard Edema 한국작물학회 2017 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.20 No.4
Although many studies have been conducted on gene action of grain yield and yield related traits in maize, none of them focused on highland maize in Uganda. This study was conducted to establish the gene action controlling inheritance of yield and its related traits in highland maize hybrids. Thirty-six F1 hybrids generated from a 9 x 9 half diallel mating design, were planted with two local checks in three highland locations; Kalengyere, Kachwekano, and Buginyanya with two replications using a 2 x 19 alpha (0, 1) lattice design. Results showed that inheritance of ear length and anthesis-silking interval was controlled by both additive and non-additive gene action while the inheritance of days to anthesis, days to silking was mainly controlled by additive gene action. The inheritance of grain yield and other yield related traits was greatly influenced by environment and genotype x environment interaction. Considering the great influence of the environment and genotype x environment interaction on most of the traits including grain yield, further testing in additional locations over more seasons and broadening the genetic base of the parents is encouraged.
Eva M. Sehr,Walter Okello-Anyanga,Karin Hasel-Hohl,Agnes Burg,Stephan Gaubitzer,Patrick R. Rubaihayo,Patrick Okori,Johann Vollmann,Paul Gibson,Silvia Fluch 한국작물학회 2016 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.19 No.1
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important ancient oilseed crops grown throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In Uganda, most of the cultivated sesame varieties are local landraces which are frequently traded between farmers. Although these traditional landraces are an important source of genetic diversity, knowledge of their genetic diversity is still limited. Agromorphological traits and a set of published and newly developed microsatellite markers were analyzed on a collection of 121 accessions of Ugandan sesame landraces. CpSSR analysis revealed four haplotypes, whereby haplotype B was present in 96% of the individuals. The analysis of nSSR markers from 6 non-coding regions revealed a mean PIC value of 0.56 whereas the PIC value of eight selected EST-derived SSRs was 0.26. Accession-wise, the expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0 to 0.396. AMOVA revealed that the majority of the variance occurred among the individuals accounting for 75% of the total variation, only 6% was attributed to differences among the districts, pointing towards a high gene flow (Nm = 4.476). These results are supported by the PCoA analysis as well as the NJ tree both of which revealed no clustering of the accessions according to their geographic origin. Also the statistical analysis of 10 agromorphological traits indicated no clear pattern related to the geographic origin. Such a poor grouping, indicative of considerable gene flow across geographic domains, could be explained either by a high outcrossing rate, and/or through extensive seed trading.