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Sarkar, P.,Kumar, H.,Rawat, M.,Varshney, V.P.,Goswami, T.K.,Yadav, M.C.,Srivastava, S.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.7
The efficacy of garlic extract and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ in the treatment of endometritis in cows was evaluated. A total of 26 parous cows affected with endometritis were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n = 10) animals were infused (IU) with 10 ml garlic extract mixed with 90 ml normal saline, three times at 12 h interval starting from the day of estrum, whereas the animals of Group II (n = 10) were treated with a single injection of $PGF_2{\alpha}$ (25 mg Lutalyse) on the $10^{th}$ to $12^{th}$ day after estrus, and group III (n = 6) remained as control. Cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) was collected from each animal at pre- and post-treatment estrus and subjected to white side test, pH determination and total bacterial load. The clinical recovery of cows was assessed by negative white side test reaction, pH value and total bacterial count of CVM at subsequent estrus. The recovered animals were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen twice at 12 h intervals and pregnancy was confirmed at 45-60 days following insemination. A significant decline (p<0.05) in pH of CVM was observed in both the treatment groups at subsequent estrus. After treatment there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in bacterial load, whereas, it was increased in control group. A total number of 65 isolates were identified in CVM samples comprising mostly of facultative anaerobic bacteria. Plasma $T_4$ and $T_3$ concentrations were increased in all the treated animals, whereas, a decline was observed in cortisol levels following treatment. The overall conception rate was 50% in treated groups as compared to nil pregnancy in the control.
Study on Suitable Semen Additives Incorporation into the Extender Stored at Refrigerated Temperature
Bhakat, M.,Mohanty, T.K.,Raina, V.S.,Gupta, A.K.,Pankaj, P.K.,Mahapatra, R.K.,Sarkar, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.10
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT), Pentoxifylline (PTX) and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (Vit E) on semen quality parameters of Karan Fries bulls. The fortification of extender by various semen additives improves motility as well as fertility of spermatozoa. Split samples of 24 ejaculates of four Karan Fries bulls were extended in extender with or without various additives such as BHT, PTX and Vit E, and performance was evaluated at an interval of 0, 24, 48 and 72 h at refrigerated temperature (4-$7^{\circ}C$). Results of the present study revealed that addition of BHT, PTX and Vit E in extender improved sperm cell function, such as motility, viability, HOST, and acrosome integrity, as compared to the control during liquid storage up to 48 h of preservation at refrigerated temperature. There was no significant (p<0.05) difference between any of the additives up to 48 h of preservation. Overall, the results showed a significant (p<0.05) deterioration in motility after each storage interval. The results showed a significant deterioration in the acrosome integrity and plasma membrane integrity up to 48 h; subsequently, there was not much degradation of both the semen quality parameters. There was a significant increase in spermatozoal tail and total abnormality after each storage interval at refrigerator temperature (4 to $7^{\circ}C$); however, the head and mid-piece abnormalities were almost unaffected. Tail and total abnormality were least in extender fortified with BHT, PTX and Vit E at different hours of incubation as compared to the control. The addition of 1.5 mM BHT, 3.6 mM PTX and 1 mg/ml Vit E in the semen extender has more beneficial effect in terms of semen quality and preservability of spermatozoa.
( S. M. Moorthy ),( S. K. Das ),( P. R. T. Rao ),( S. Raje Urs ),( A. Sarkar ) 한국잠사학회 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.14 No.1
In order to find out the appropriate parents for the breeding programme, twelve bivoltine and three multivoltine silkworm breeds were evaluated on the basis of multivariate selection index and isozyme analysis. Of which, four [CSR2, D6 (P), SK3, SK4] bivoltine and two multivoltine (Nistari, Cambodge) breeds were selected and breeding initiated to develop higher survival bivoltine silkworm breed suitable for tropical conditions. Among two isozyme (Esterase and acid phosphatase) analyzed, only esterase exhibited polymorphism among the bivoltine breeds. No polymorphism was observed among multivoltine in respect of esterase as well as acid phosphatase.
Electro-Optical Characterization of nanoGUMBOS
A. Sarkar,K. Kanakamedala,M. D. Rajathadripura,N. N. Jagadish,P. K. S. Magut,S. de Rooy,S. Das,B. El-Zahab,I. M. Warner,T. Daniels-Race 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.4
Molecular electronics, where nanoscale organic species are utilized as active electronic components, offers a promising approach towards ultimate miniaturization and integration of hybrid electronic materials (HEMs) with traditional silicon based complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) technology. Toward this end, fundamental research studies to understand the electronic and optical properties of these molecules are of paramount importance. In this work, conductive probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) and Raman spectroscopy have been performed on ionic liquid based unique organic nanoparticles derived from a Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts (GUMBOS). Aptly named as nanoGUMBOS, the material investigated in this report is Rhodamine6G tetraphenylborate ([R6G][TPB]) as has been synthesized by a room temperature facile metathesis reaction between Rhodamine 6G chloride (R6GCl) and sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) followed by an ultrasonication- assisted, additive-free, re-precipitation reaction. To the best of our knowledge, the results reported herein are first-time evidence of electrical performance exhibited by [R6G][TPB] nanoGUMBOS. In conjunction with the supportive results of Raman spectra, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics obtained are indicative of the potential incorporation of this unique compound in hybrid electronics with respect to potential applications in optoelectronics and chemical sensing.
Moorthy S.M.,Das S.K.,Rao, P.R.T.,Urs S. Rao,,Sarkar A. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.14 No.1
In order to find out the appropriate parents for the breeding programme, twelve bivoltine and three multivoltine silkworm breeds were evaluated on the basis of multivariate selection index and isozyme analysis. Of which, four [CSR2, D6 (P), SK3, SK4] bivoltine and two multivoltine (Nistari, Cambodge) breeds were selected and breeding initiated to develop higher survival bivoltine silkworm breed suitable for tropical conditions. Among two isozyme (Esterase and acid phosphatase) analyzed, only esterase exhibited polymorphism among the bivoltine breeds. No polymorphism was observed among multivoltine in respect of esterase as well as acid phosphatase.