Potentiometric flow sensor for in-situ determination of electrogenerated electron mediator in an paired electrolysis cell

( Perumal Silambarasan ),( G. Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.0

Instead of off-line potentiometric titrations for electron mediator’s quantification, in-situ determination can be an accurate method. Here in, we have initiated to monitor the electrochemically prepared mediator [Co(I)(CN)₅]^4- by in-situ flow sensor cell coupled with paired electrolysis cell. First, cyclic voltammetry peak current for a standard redox couple Fe(II)/Fe(III) with different concentration ratios was used in the flow sensor cell to check the developed method. Then the Chemically prepared [Co(I)(CN)₅]^4- in presence of 10 M KOH at different concentrations were analyzed by UV-Visible and potentiometric titration method and compared. Finally, the chemically prepared different concentration of Co(I) do monitored using selected electrode under the inert atmosphere by flow sensor cell. The resulted calibration plot used to derive the concentration of [Co(I)(CN)₅]^4-.

Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements (MITEs) as Valuable Genomic Resources for the Evolution and Breeding of Brassica Crops

( Perumal Sampath ),( Tae Jin Yang ) 한국육종학회 2014 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.2 No.4

Transposable elements (TEs) play important roles in structural and functional diversification, genome enlargement, and speciation in plant genome. Their derivatives or small non-autonomous TEs play important roles in the alteration of homologous genes by epigenetic control or structural modification. The miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) is one of the representative non-autonomous class II TEs. MITEs include high copy members that are widely distributed and in close association with genic regions, which make MITEs useful targets and resources for in-depth understanding of genome evolution, as well as practical applications in molecular breeding. Here, we discuss the important features of MITEs, such as the identification tools of a novel MITE family, structural characterization, distribution pattern analysis, and impact on evolution in highly duplicated Brassica genome. We show the characteristics, copy numbers, and distribution patterns of 20 novel MITE families, and represent their putative roles in the evolution of the triplicated Brassica genome. We also introduce our MITE database, and discuss the utility of MITEs for developing MITE-derived markers that are useful for molecular breeding of Brassica crops.

Consideration of bulk concentration change in transient current of rotating disc electrode for E’ reaction (quasi- reversible): Theoretical simulation and experimental validation

( Perumal Silambarasan ),심왕근,( G. Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1

In the rotating disc electrode transient current, the bulk concentration considered as constant due to the non-electrolyzed solution. But, change in bulk concentration occurred in many paired electrolysis process with electrolysis time that is used for many applications. In this work, the transient current and concentration change in the rotating disc electrode (RDE) system is explained by solving the convection and diffusion equation for a quasi- reversible electron transfer. The mathematical models are solved by applying orthogonal collocation method. This approach enables us the current response and concentration change with electrolysis time. Experimental results compared with the theoretically simulated data. A good correlation found between the current and the RDE system. The possible expression derived in the present work for bulk concentration change can be used for continuous electrolysis system.

Spherical Chitosan/Gelatin Hydrogel Particles for Removal of Multiple Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Perumal, Suguna,Atchudan, Raji,Yoon, Dong Ho,Joo, Jin,Cheong, In Woo American Chemical Society 2019 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.58 No.23

<P>This article describes a simple preparation of chitosan/gelatin (CG) spherical hydrogel particles for the effective removal of multiple heavy metal ions. The CG hydrogel particles were prepared by inverse emulsion from the aqueous solutions of chitosan, gelatin, and glutaraldehyde. The oven-dried C2G1 hydrogel particles showed a maximum removal efficiency of 98% for Hg(II) ions in a single metal ion solution and which was higher than C1G1 (85%) and C1G2 (58%) particles. This result was affected by the composition of the hydrogels rather than the pore size or degree of swelling. Remarkably, the removal efficiencies for the Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), and Cr(III) ions reached about 73%-94% in a multiple metal ion solution. The results indicate that the CG hydrogel particles can be used to remove coexisting heavy metal ions from wastewater, providing a versatile method to remove multiple metal ions from natural or industrial wastes.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Analysis and prediction of ultimate strength of high-strength SFRC plates under in-plane and transverse loads

Perumal, Ramadoss,Palanivel, S. Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.52 No.6

Plates are most widely used in the hulls of floating concrete structures, bridge decks, walls of off-shore structures and liquid storage tanks. A method of analysis is presented for the determination of load-deflection response and ultimate strength of high-strength steel fiber reinforced concrete (HSSFRC) plates simply supported on all four edges and subjected to combined action of external compressive in-plane and transverse loads. The behavior of HSSFRC plate specimens subjected to combined uniaxial in-plane and transverse loads was investigated. The proposed analytical method is compared to the physical test results, and shows good agreement. To predict the constitutive behavior of HSSFRC in compression, a non-dimensional characteristic equation was proposed and found to give reasonable accuracy.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of miniature inverted- repeat transposable elements in Brassica rapa

Perumal Sampath,Sang-Choon Lee,Jee Young Park,Jonghoon Lee,Nur Kholilatul Izzah,Shailendra Karki,Haejoon Joo,Tae-Jin Yang 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

Miniature inverted- repeat transposable elements are expected to play vital role in evolution of genes and genome of major eukaryotic organisms. However, there have been little reports on MITEs in B. rapa, a polyploidy model genome. We identified 13 novel MITE families in B. rapa genome by computational approach. Out of 13 MITEs families three, eight and two were classified under stowaway-like, tourist-like and hAT super families based on their unique structural characteristics. We characterized the members of 13 MITE families from the available 256 Mbp from whole genome draft sequences of B. rapa. We found ech MITE has high copiy number ranges from 14 to 977 which are distributed randomly along all the chromosomes. We also found more than 40% of the MITE members were associated with genes and gene rich regions. Furthermore, the polymorphism due to insertion and non-insertion of MITEs analysis suggest that MITEs are active in the genome. As, such the newly identified MITEs will provide a foundation for the further analysis of roles of MITEs in gene and genome evolution.

Continuous potentiometric sensor for electrogenerated mediator in solution: rationalization by the RDE and flow cell methods

( Perumal Silambarasan ),( Govindan Muthuraman ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1

Very recently, an in-situ determination of electron mediators’ quantification was developed by potentiometric sensor method. Here in, a rationalization of potentiometric sensor by RDE (rotating disc electrode) and flow cell methods were optimized. First, electrochemical generation of [Co(I)(CN)5]4- in 10 M KOH solution was done by Nafion324 membrane divided electrochemical cell. The electrogenerated solution monitored by current and potential using RDE and flow cell with different RPM (rotation per minute) and flow rate by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. By comparing the peak potential and peak current change, validation of a suitable method was derived for potentiometric sensor in determination of electrogenerated electron mediator in solution.

Interaction of Zwitterionic and Ionic Monomers with Graphene Surfaces

Perumal, Suguna,Raji, Atchudan,Cheong, In Woo American Chemical Society 2018 Langmuir Vol.34 No.23

<P>Measurement of the interaction force between two materials provides important information on various properties, such as adsorption, binding, or compatibility for coatings, adhesion, and composites. The interaction forces of zwitterionic and ionic monomers with graphite platelets (G) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) surfaces were systematically investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in air and water. The monomers examined were 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate (MPC), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (SBE), [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (ATC), and 2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid sodium (MSS). The AFM studies revealed that MSS and SBE monomers with sulfonate units have stronger interaction forces with G surface in air and that MPC and ATC monomers with quaternary ammonium units have higher interaction forces in water. In the case of rGO surface, the monomers with quaternary ammonium units showed stronger interactions regardless of the medium. These interactions could be rationalized by the interaction mechanism between the monomers with graphene surfaces, such as cation−π for MPC and ATC and anion−π for MSS and SBE. Overall, cation−π interactions were effective in water, whereas anion−π interactions are effective in air with G surface. The adhesion values of MPC, SBE, ATC, and MSS on rGO were lower than the values measured on G surface. Among the monomers, MPC showed the highest dispersibility for aqueous graphene dispersions. Further, the adsorption of MPC on G and rGO surfaces was verified by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Monitoring the chlorobenzene gas using an electrochemical gas sensor during mediated electrochemical degradation at room temperature

( Perumal Silambarasan ),문일식 한국공업화학회 2021 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2021 No.0

Estimating the compressive strength of HPFRC containing metallic fibers using statistical methods and ANNs

Perumal, Ramadoss,Prabakaran, V. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.10 No.6

The experimental and numerical works were carried out on high performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC) with w/cm ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.40, fiber volume fraction (Vf)=0-1.5% and 10% silica fume replacement. Improvements in compressive and flexural strengths obtained for HPFRC are moderate and significant, respectively, Empirical equations developed for the compressive strength and flexural strength of HPFRC as a function of fiber volume fraction. A relation between flexural strength and compressive strength of HPFRC with R=0.78 was developed. Due to the complex mix proportions and non-linear relationship between the mix proportions and properties, models with reliable predictive capabilities are not developed and also research on HPFRC was empirical. In this paper due to the inadequacy of present method, a back propagation-neural network (BP-NN) was employed to estimate the 28-day compressive strength of HPFRC mixes. BP-NN model was built to implement the highly non-linear relationship between the mix proportions and their properties. This paper describes the data sets collected, training of ANNs and comparison of the experimental results obtained for various mixtures. On statistical analyses of collected data, a multiple linear regression (MLR) model with R2=0.78 was developed for the prediction of compressive strength of HPFRC mixes, and average absolute error (AAE) obtained is 6.5%. On validation of the data sets by NNs, the error range was within 2% of the actual values. ANN model has given the significant degree of accuracy and reliability compared to the MLR model. ANN approach can be effectively used to estimate the 28-day compressive strength of fibrous concrete mixes and is practical.