Growth of Ardisia pusilla as Affected by Starch or Polyacrylate Polymer Mixed in the Media

Myung Syun Shim,Seong Youl Choi 한국원예학회 2010 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.51 No.4

The objective of this study was to investigate the properties of starch and polyacrylate polymers, alone or when mixed in the media. Their effects on growth of potted Ardisia pusilla plants were also determined. The starch polymer absorbed more water than polyacrylate polymer. However, the water absorbance of starch polymer was restricted in the media which resulted in lower CC (container capacity) and higher AS (air space) than polyacrylate polymer. The CC, AP, and TP (total porosity) increased than control in the media when those were mixed with two polymers of 0.6 and 0.9%. Numbers of small pore spaces were observed in the polyacrylate polymers and the volume of the media increased more than starch, thanks to the small pore spaces which put pressure on one another during hydration. The starch had larger pore spaces which were spread out aside in the media after water absorbance. The mineral nutrient contents in the media with polyacrylate polymer were similar or higher compared to control. However, the starch polymer showed stronger retention to Ca and Fe resulted to lower mineral nutrient contents in the media. The plant growth was improved in polyacrylate treatments than control. The plant life was maintained for about 4-6 days longer in the polyacrylate treatments. The Ca contents in the leaves decreased in the starch treatments of 0.6 and 0.9% and polyacrylate treatments of 0.9% than control.The lower content of Ca restricted the plant growth, especially in the polymer content of 0.9%. In consequence, the polyacrylate polymers were more favorable in the media. They absorbed more water when mixed in the media and showed weaker retention to Ca and Fe. In addition, the polyacrylate polymers were recommended because of improved plant growth and prolonged plant life, but they should not be used in the content of more than 0.6%.

Asymbiotic Germination of Korean Native Orchid, Liparis kumokiri F. Maek

Myung Syun Shim,Ah Ram Cho,Soo-Young Kim,Hyuk Joon Kwon,Yoon Jin Kim 한국화훼학회 2019 한국화훼학회 정기총회 및 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.27 No.1

Growth Responses of Ardisia pusilla to Nutrient Solution Strength and Hydrophilic Polymer in Media

Myung Syun Shim,Seong Youl Choi,Oh Keun Kwon,Chang Hee Lee 한국원예학회 2007 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.48 No.6

This study was carried out to investigate the plant growth and mineral nutrient absorbance of Ardisia pusilla according to nutrient solution strength and hydrophilic polymer mixed in the media. Hydrophilic polymer in the trade name of K-SAM (Kolon Chemical Co., Ltd) was used and mixed with the media in the content of 0.1% (v/v, dry condition) into the plant pots. The plants were irrigated with the Sonneveld solution and the nutrient solution strength was manipulated to 0, 1/2, 1, and 2 times. The HR values of hydrophilic polymer K-SAM decreased to half as the nutrient solution strength increased two-fold. The range of pH values was between 6.7 and 7.2 with no significant difference among the treatments except for the treatment of N2P0.1 with 5.92. The EC values were higher in the hydrophilic treatments of N0.5P0.1 and N1P0.1 than control. It could be assumed that the retained mineral nutrients were leached in the distilled water during the measurement. The values of CC and TP were higher than control in the nutrient solution treatments except N2P0.1. The nutrient solution strength of 2 times limited the expansion of hydrophilic polymer so that no increased absorption of water than control could be observed. If the polymer was used with nutrient solution, nutrient solution of 1/2 times could be recommended. The nutrient solution strength of 1/2 times showed the best plant growth condition in almost all characteristics like plant height, volume, number of nodes, stem diameter, leaf number, and lateral branch length. There was higher mineral nutrient content of K in the polymer treatments supplied with nutrient solution. The contents of Ca and Mg decreased in all polymer treatments and especially in the highest nutrient solution strength of 2 times. The Fe contents also decreased in the treatments of nutrient solution strength with 1 and 2 times. Consequently, if the polymer was used with nutrient solution, nutrient solution strength of 1/2 times could be recommended. The nutrient solution strength of 1/2 times showed the best plant growth condition in almost all characteristics. The mineral nutrient contents in leaves decreased because of the nutrient solution supply, but no inhibition of the plant growth was found in this strength. Therefore, the use of the nutrient strength of 1/2 times is recommended as the most effective treatment to economize nutrient supply.

Effects of Temperature and Daylength on Rooting and Growth of Elatior Begonia Cuttings

Myung-Syun Shim,Wook Oh,Ki Sun Kim 한국원예학회 2005 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.46 No.3

The research was carried out to investigate the effects of daylength and temperature on rooting and growth of Elatior begonia cuttings. Begonia × hiemalis 'Britt Dark' and 'Line' were selected as plant materials and the experiments Were conducted in a multi-room incubator. The cuttings were subjected to 16 h or 13/16 h daylength in combination with 18 or 20℃ until 2 weeks after cutting and then transferred to 16 h. The number of leaves, root and stem length, and fresh and dry weight of cuttings were increased at 20℃ than at 18℃. Moreover, the number of days to rooting of the cuttings were reduced. The temperature treatment was more effective for the growth of cuttings than the day length treatment. Temperature treatments had a statistically significant effect on the development and growth of roots, whereas there was no significant difference among the daylength treatments. However, continuous daylength of 16 h was more effective in improving the growth of cuttings. The cuttings were also treated separately at 18, 20, 22, or 24℃. As the temperature increased, the growth of cuttings tended to become more superior. The cuttings treated at 24℃ showed the best shoot and root growth. In conclusion, 16 h daylength and 24℃ temperature were the most effective in promoting rooting and plant growth of Elatior begonia cuttings.

Effects of Pot Size on Plant Growth of Cymbidium ‘Lovely Smile’

Myung Syun Shim,Ah Ram Cho,You Kyung Chung,Yoon Jin Kim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10

Cymbidium is one of the most popular and economically important species cultivated as a commercial ornamental crop. The objectives of this study were to determine the appropriate pot size which gives the best plant growth characteristics. Two and three-year-old plants of Cymbidium ‘Lovely Smile’ plants were transported to an environmentally controlled Information and Communication Technology (ICT) smart greenhouse at Seoul Women’s University from a commercial greenhouse in Gongju (24 February 2021). Two and three-year old plants were repotting in plastic pots with 18 cm (2L, P2), 22 cm (3L, P3), and 25.5 cm (5L, P5) diameter filled with bark (9 April 2021). The EC of nutrient solution was maintained to 1 dS·m¹ and the pH was adjusted to 6.0 ‒ 6.5. The leaf length and width, number of pseudobulb per plant, pseudobulb diameter, number of new shoots and leaves were measured every 5 weeks after nutrient solution supply. All pseudobulbs were numbered in the order of formation in the two-year old plants (PB1, PB2, PB3, PB4) and three-year old plants (PB1, PB2, PB3, PB4, PB5, PB6, PB7, PB8, PB9). Pseudobulb diameter and leaf number of all pseudobulbs were measured. Pseudobulb diameter was in the range of 20 ‒ 35 mm and leaf number of 6 ‒ 12 in two-year old plants. Shoot number increased in P2, P5 treatments but there was no significant difference in the other plant characteristics. Pseudobulb diameter and leaf number increased in PB2, PB3, PB4 after 10 weeks of nutrient supply compared to pseudobulb diameter and leaf number in plants of 5 weeks. Pseudobulb diameter of three-year old plants was in the range of 15 ‒ 50 mm and leaf number of 4 ‒ 12. PB8, PB9 were newly formed and leaf number increased in PB4, PB5 compared to leaf number in plants of 5 weeks. There was no significant difference in plant characteristics according to pot size. Plant growth and pseudobulb changes according to pot size will be continuously investigated during the experiment to suggest standards of Cymbidium to improve plant growth and flower spike production.

Effects of Pot Size and Night Interruption on Flowering of Cymbidium ‘Lovely Smile’

Myung Syun Shim,Ah Ram Cho,You Kyung Chung,Yoon Jin Kim 한국원예학회 2022 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2022 No.5

Increased Plant Growth and Flower Spike Production by Electrical Conductivity Changes of Cymbidium ‘Lovely Smile’

Myung Syun Shim,Ah Ram Cho,Yoon Jin Kim 한국화훼학회 2021 한국화훼학회 정기총회 및 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.29 No.1

Effects of Various Nutrient Solutions on Plant Growth of Cymbidium ‘Lovely Smile’ and ‘Aria’

Myung Syun Shim,,You Kyung Chung,Ah Ram Cho,Seo-Youn Lee,Seo-Hee Jung,Yoon Jin Kim 한국화훼학회 2023 한국화훼학회 정기총회 및 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.31 No.1

Selection of Proper Medium and Amount of Applied Fertilizer for Exportable Cymbidium Young Plants Grown in Korea

Myung Syun Shim(심명선),Mi Seon Kim(김미선) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2010 시설원예‧식물공장 Vol.19 No.4

바크는 심비디움 분화의 배지로서 국내에서 가장 많이 이용되는 배지지만, 분화 수출 시 제거과정 중에서 쉽게 떨어지지 않아 뿌리가 손상되어 상품성이 낮아지게 된다. 본 연구에서는 식물체로부터 쉽게 제거되며 바크를 대체할 수 있는 배지를 선발하고, 이때 식물의 생장에 필요한 시비량을 알아보고자 하였다. 심비디움 ‘Honey Hot’와 ‘Desert Look’의 묘를 바크, 코코칩, 그리고 피트모스 배지에 식재하였고, 완효성 비료 2, 4, 6g을 처리하였다. 심비디움 묘들은 일반적으로 2년 동안 재배하고 3년째 되는 해에 개화시켜 상품으로 출하하게 되므로, 1년차와 2년차에 식물의 생장 특성들을 조사하였으며, 배지의 특성과 잎의 무기이온 함량을 최종적으로 조사하였다. 1년차에는, ‘Desert Look’의 생육이 피트모스 처리구에서 바크보다 더 향상되었다. ‘Honey Hot'의 생육 측정값들은 바크 처리구에서 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 2년차에는, 두 품종 모두 피트모스 처리구에서 생육이 향상되었다. 코코칩 처리구들은 바크와 피트모스에 비해 생육이 안 좋았다. 모든 배지 처리구에서 시비량에 따른 유의성은 보이지 않았다. 피트모스는 바크에 비해 CEC가 높아 더 많은 양분들을 보유하므로 식물의 생육을 향상시켰다. 특히, 엽내의 높은 K과 Ca 함량은 식물 생육에 좋은 것으로 판단되었다. 결과적으로, 심비디움 묘 생산에서 피트모스가 바크를 대체할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 이때 배지가 너무 과습하지 않도록 주의가 요구된다. Bark is a general medium for potted Cymbidium in Korea, but it is difficult to shake off or eliminate the medium from the roots before exporting the potted plants. This working process can injure the roots and then deteriorate plant marketability. This study was carried out to select the optimum medium easier to eliminate from the roots instead of bark and the optimum amount of applied fertilizer to improve the plant growth. Cymbidium young plants 'Honey Hot' and 'Desert Look' were planted in pots with bark, cocochip, and peatmoss. The plants were treated with 2, 4, and 6 g of slow release fertilizer. The plant growth characteristics were investigated in the first and second years during production period of three years. The medium characteristics and mineral nutrient content of the leaves were also examined in the second year. In the first year, the plant growth of 'Desert Look' was improved in all peatmoss treatments more than bark. 'Honey Hot' showed the highest plant growth values in the bark treatment. In the second year, the plant growth of the two cultivars was improved in peatmoss. Cocochip treatments showed the lower plant growth values than bark and peatmoss in the first and second year. There was no significant difference among fertilizer amounts in all the media. The higher CEC values of peatmoss medium resulted to higher capacity to hold more nutrients than bark, and the nutrient retention of the peatmoss improved the plant growth. The higher K and Ca contents in the leaves would contribute to improve the plant growth. Consequently, it would be possible to use peatmoss instead of bark for Cymbidium young plants, but there must be always attention to appropriately water the medium and manage the moisture.

Changes in Sexual Organs during Pollination in Chrysanthemum

Myung Syun Shim,Myung Wha Hong,Jin Hee Lim,Seong Youl Choi,Hak Ki Shin,Ki Sun Kim 한국원예학회 2006 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.47 No.6

The present research was undertaken to observe the changes in sexual organs during pollination in chrysanthemum. Stamens began to grow in the narrow disc florets first and thereafter pistils grew and pushed the pollen grains from the base so that the pollen adhered to the stigma. If the pistils were not pollinated with the pollen of other cultivars, no seeds could be produced. Therefore, such development was beneficial to explain the self-incompatibility characteristics of chrysanthemum. When the chrysanthemum flowers of several cultivars were self-pollinated and investigated one day later, there were no shriveled pistils and no seed production in the flowers in the end. In 'Lineker Salmon' and 'Lineker White', many pistils of the cross-pollinated flowers were shriveled into the disc florets and produced some seeds. Consequently, the non-shriveling pistil in the self-pollinated flowers can be used as an early evidence for the incompatibility of chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemums are already known to show sporophytic self-incompatibility, and it was confirmed by the observations of stigmas with no adhered pollen grains or inhibited pollen tubes with no penetration in this experiment. It was possible to use the pollens after long storage period over 2 months at low temperatures like -75 and -20℃. The self-incompatibility characteristics in chrysanthemums can be explained by the several changes of sexual organs.