Low Phosphorus Induces Comprehensive Transcriptional Modulation of Genes Involved in the Carbohydrate Metabolic Pathways

Myoung Ryoul Park,So-Hyeon Baek,Benildo G. de los Reyes,Karl H. Hasenstein,Song Joong Yun 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

Phosphorus (P) is an important structural component and plays critical roles in the process of energy transfer and signal transduction. Effect of low P on carbohydrate metabolism was investigated at the transcription level via transcriptome analysis using the rice 60K oligonucleotide DNA microarrays. Two-week-old rice seedlings were grown under a low (32 μM) or high (320 μM) P condition for two weeks and leaves from the seedlings were used for transcriptome analysis. Expression of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolic pathways (eg. glycolysis, sucrose degradation and starch synthesis and degradation) was most significantly affected under low P. Under low P, most genes involved in glycolysis were intensively down-regulated, genes of starch biosynthesis and degradation pathway were up- or down-regulated, and many genes involved in sucrose biosynthesis were intensively up-regulated. In leaves under low P, glucose and pyruvate levels decreased, but sucrose and starch levels increased. These results suggest that carbohydrate metabolism is adjusted primarily through comprehensive transcriptional modulation of genes involved in the carbohydrate metabolic super-pathway.

Regulation of Ascorbate Peroxidase Gene Expression in Response to Stresses and Phytohormone in Rehmannia glutinosa

Park Myoung Ryoul,Park Moon Hee,Yoo Nam Hee,Yu Chang Yeon,Yun Song Joong The Korean Society of Crop Science 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.4

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) plays a crucial role in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide. APX activity is maintained significantly higher in the paraquat­treated leaves of the paraquat-tolerant Rehmannia glutinos. This study was conducted to understand structural and regulatory characteristics of APX gene in R. glutinosa. A putative APX cDNA clone (RgAPX1) was isolated from a leaf cDNA library using a partially sequenced expressed sequence tag clone. RgAPX1 is consisted of 1148 bp nucleotides and contains an open reading frame encoding a 250 amino acid-long polypeptide. Deduced RgAPX1 amino acid sequence shares higher sequence similarity to cytosolic APXs. RgAPX1. expression was higher in the leaf than in the flower and root. Southern blot result indicates the presence of one or two RgAPX1-related genes in R. glutinosa genome. RgAPX1 transcription was affected differentially by various stresses and phytohormone. The results indicate that RgAPXl is constitutively expressed in most tissues and its expression is modulated for the immediate and efficient detoxification of $H_2O_2$ under normal and stress conditions.

Agronomic Characteristics of NtPT1-Transgenic Rice Lines

Park Myoung-Ryoul,Yun Song-Joong,Baek So-Hyeon,Kim Young-Jin 한국작물학회 2006 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Expression of a Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase Gene in Response to Stresses and Phytohormones in Rehmannia Glutinosa

Park, Myoung-Ryoul,Ryu, Sang-Soo,Yoo, Nam-Hee,Yu, Chang-Yeon,Yun, Song-Joong The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2005 韓國藥用作物學會誌 Vol.13 No.5

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are metalloenzymes that convert $O_2^-\;to\;H_2O_2$. Rehmannia glutinosa is highly tolerant to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. The primary objective of this study was to characterize regulation of SOD gene expression in R. glutinosa in response to oxidative stresses and hormones. A full-length putative SOD clone (RgCu-ZnSOD1) was isolated from the leaf cDNA library of R. glutinosa using an expressed sequence tag clone as a probe. RgCu-ZnSOD1 cDNA is 777 bp in length and contains an open reading frame for a polypeptide consisted of 152 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of the clone shows highest sequence similarity to the cytosolic Cu-ZnSODs. The two to three major bands with several minor ones on the Southern blots indicate that RgCu-ZnSOD1 is a member of a small multi-gene family. RgCuZnSOD1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the leaf, flower and root. The expression of RgCu-ZnSOD1 mRNA was increased about 20% by wounding and paraquat, but decreased over 50% by ethylene and $GA_3$. This result indicates that the RgCu-ZnSOD1 expression is regulated differentially by different stresses and phytohormones at the transcription level. The RgCu-ZnSOD1 sequence and information on its regulation will be useful in investigating the role of SOD in the paraquat tolerance of R. glutinosa.

Grain Quality of NtPT1-Transgenic Rice

Park Myoung-Ryoul,Yun Song-Joong,Kim Key-Young 한국작물학회 2006 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Expression of a Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase Gene in Response to Stresses and Phytohormones in Rehmannia Glutinosa

Myoung-Ryoul Park,Sang-Soo Ryu,Nam-Hee Yoo,Chang-Yeon Yu,Song-Joong Yun 한국약용작물학회 2005 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.13 No.5

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are metalloenzymes that convert O2- to H2O2. Rehmannia glutinosa is highly tolerant to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. The primary objective of this study was to characterize regulation of SOD gene expression in R. glutinosa in response to oxidative stresses and hormones. A full-length putative SOD clone (RgCu-ZnSOD1) was isolated from the leaf cDNA library of R. glutinosa using an expressed sequence tag clone as a probe. RgCu-ZnSOD1 cDNA is 777 bp in length and contains an open reading frame for a polypeptide consisted of 152 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of the clone shows highest sequence similarity to the cytosolic Cu-ZnSODs. The two to three major bands with several minor ones on the Southern blots indicate that RgCu-ZnSOD1 is a member of a small multi-gene family. RgCuZnSOD1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the leaf, flower and root. The expression of RgCu-ZnSOD1 mRNA was increased about 20% by wounding and paraquat, but decreased over 50% by ethylene and GA3. This result indicates that the RgCu-ZnSOD1 expression is regulated differentially by different stresses and phytohormones at the transcription level. The RgCu-ZnSOD1 sequence and information on its regulation will be useful in investigating the role of SOD in the paraquat tolerance of R. glutinosa.

Selection of Useful Germplasm Based on the Variation Analysis of Growth and Seed Quality of Soybean Germplasms Grown at Two Different Latitudes

( Myoung Ryoul Park ),( Min-jung Seo ),( Yu-young Lee ),( Chang-hwan Park ) 한국육종학회 2016 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.4 No.4

We conducted this study to select useful germplasms for investigating the agricultural performances and content variations of proximate composition, fatty acid, and isoflavone of the soybean germplasms grown at two different latitudes, Suwon (37˚16`N) and Yeoncheon (38˚12`N), Republic of Korea. The days to flowering of the soybeans grown at Suwon was early by 1 day compared with that at Yeoncheon whereas the days to maturing of the soybeans were not different by latitudes. The Yeoncheon-cultivated soybeans were greater in growth and yield than the Suwon. The crude oil in range of 17.0% to 20.0% had a positive correlation with the yield. There was a strong negative correlation between oleic acid and saturated fatty (palmitic and stearic) acid contents in the seeds producted at Suwon but the Yeoncheon were not significant. The linoleic acid in seeds of the germplasms was contained by 7.3-fold more than the linolenic acid. The malonylgenistin content was the highest among the detected isoflavones and Deapung had the highest total isoflavone content. The content of total isoflavones in the Yeoncheon-producted seeds was high more than that in the Suwon whereas those of Hei nong 44(hou), Tachikogane, and B152 grown at Suwon were significantly lower rather than those at Yeoncheon. However, the difference of latitude seemed to play an important role in the content variations of growth, yield, and fatty acids and isoflavones in the germplasms. Eventually, Tie dou 44 and WIR3722, which were stably outstanding in all the investigated aspects regardless of the growing locations, were selected as useful germplasms.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differential Response of Phytohormone Biosynthesis Genes in Glumous Flowers of Cold-Tolerant and Cold-Sensitive Rice Varieties Upon Cold Stress at Booting Stage

Myoung Ryoul Park,Ki Young Kim,Kuldeep Tyagi,So Hyeon Baek,Song Joong Yun 한국육종학회 2011 한국육종학회지 Vol.43 No.1

Low temperature stress is one of the major negative factors affecting vegetative and reproductive growth of rice. To better understand responses of rice plants to low temperature we analyzed transcriptome expression patterns in glumous flower of cold-tolerant japonica rice variety, Stejaree45, and cold-susceptible variety, HR19621-AC6 at booting stage under cold water irrigation. A total of 2,411 probes were differentially expressed by low temperature in glumous flowers of the two varieties. Some important genes involved in hormone biosynthesis showed variety-specific regulation. Expression of GA20ox3 and GA2ox, among the genes involved in GA biosynthesis, was regulated differentially in the two varieties. Among the genes involved in IAA biosynthesis, YUCCA1 and TAA1:1 showed variety-specific regulation. Among the genes involved in cytokinin biosynthsis and signaling, expression of LOG, HK1 and HK3 was significantly down-regulated only in the cold-susceptible variety. Among the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, NSY and AAO3 were down-regulated only in the cold-tolerant variety. In general, genes involved in GA, IAA and cytokinin biosynthesis responded to cold temperature in such a way that capacity of those bioactive hormones is maintained at relatively higher levels under cold temperature in the cold-tolerant variety, which can help minimize cold stress imposed to developing reproductive organs in the cold-tolerant variety.

Assessment of the Effects of Interactions between Climatic Conditions and Genetic Characteristics on the Agronomic Traits of Soybeans Grown in Six Different Experimental Fields

Myoung Ryoul Park,Chunmei Cai,서민정,윤홍태,박수권,최만수,박창환,문중경 한국작물학회 2019 Korean journal of crop science Vol.64 No.3

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a species of legume native to East Asia. The interactions between climatic conditions and genetic characteristics are known to affect the agricultural performance of soybean. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted to identify the main elements affecting the agricultural performances of 11 soybean varieties/lines from China [Harbin (45°12′N), Yanji (42°53′N), Dalian (39°30′N), Qingdao (36°26′N)] and the Republic of Korea [Suwon (37°16′N), and Jeonju (35°49′N)]. The days to flowering (DTF) of soybeans with the e1-nf and e1-as alleles and the E1e2e3e4 genotype, except in ‘Keumgangkong’, ‘Tawonkong’, and ‘Duyoukong’, were relatively short compared to those of soybeans with other alleles. Although DTF of the soybeans was highly correlated with all climatic conditions [negative: precipitation, average temperature (AVT), accumulated temperature; positive: day-length (DL)], days to maturity and 100-seed weight of the soybeans showed no significant correlation with any climatic conditions. The soybeans with a dominant Dt1 allele, except ‘Tawonkong’, had the longest stem length (STL). Moreover, STL of the soybeans grown in the test fields showed a positive correlation with only DL; however, the results of our chamber test that was conducted to complement the field tests showed that STL of soybean was positively affected by AVT and DL. Although soybean yield (YLD) showed positive correlations with latitude and DL (except L62-667, OT89-5, and OT89-6), the response of YLD to the climatic conditions was cultivar-specific. Our results show that DTF and STL of soybeans grown in six different latitudes are highly affected by DL, and AVT and genetic characteristic also affect DTF and STL.

Assessment of the Effects of Interactions between Climatic Conditions and Genetic Characteristics on the Agronomic Traits of Soybeans Grown in Six Different Experimental Fields

Park, Myoung Ryoul,Cai, Chunmei,Seo, Min-Jung,Yun, Hong-Tae,Park, Soo-Kwon,Choi, Man-Soo,Park, Chang-Hwan,Moon, Jung Kyung The Korean Society of Crop Science 2019 한국작물학회지 Vol.64 No.3

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a species of legume native to East Asia. The interactions between climatic conditions and genetic characteristics are known to affect the agricultural performance of soybean. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted to identify the main elements affecting the agricultural performances of 11 soybean varieties/lines from China [Harbin ($45^{\circ}12^{\prime}N$), Yanji ($42^{\circ}53^{\prime}N$), Dalian ($39^{\circ}30^{\prime}N$), Qingdao ($36^{\circ}26^{\prime}N$)] and the Republic of Korea [Suwon ($37^{\circ}16^{\prime}N$), and Jeonju ($35^{\circ}49^{\prime}N$)]. The days to flowering (DTF) of soybeans with the e1-nf and e1-as alleles and the E1e2e3e4 genotype, except in 'Keumgangkong', 'Tawonkong', and 'Duyoukong', were relatively short compared to those of soybeans with other alleles. Although DTF of the soybeans was highly correlated with all climatic conditions [negative: precipitation, average temperature (AVT), accumulated temperature; positive: day-length (DL)], days to maturity and 100-seed weight of the soybeans showed no significant correlation with any climatic conditions. The soybeans with a dominant Dt1 allele, except 'Tawonkong', had the longest stem length (STL). Moreover, STL of the soybeans grown in the test fields showed a positive correlation with only DL; however, the results of our chamber test that was conducted to complement the field tests showed that STL of soybean was positively affected by AVT and DL. Although soybean yield (YLD) showed positive correlations with latitude and DL (except L62-667, OT89-5, and OT89-6), the response of YLD to the climatic conditions was cultivar-specific. Our results show that DTF and STL of soybeans grown in six different latitudes are highly affected by DL, and AVT and genetic characteristic also affect DTF and STL.