Distinctive response of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes in vitro with the acceleration of phytohormones

Muppala, Sridevi,Gudlavalleti, Pavan Kumar,Pagidoju, Sreenu,Malireddy, Kodandarami Reddy,Puligandla, Sateesh Kumar,Dasari, Premalatha The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2020 식물생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.1

In maize, immature embryos (IEs) are highly regenerative explants most suitable for producing high frequencies of plantlet regeneration in vitro. Apart from media, explants, and hormones, genotypic variation also influences in vitro characters to a great extent. In the present study, IEs were used to study the distinctive effect of variation of size/stage and hormones in different genotypes on five in vitro characters viz., frequency of callus induction, growth rate of total callus, frequency of E. callus induction, and volume and number of regenerated plantlets. LS medium with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0 and 5.0 mg/L) were used to study the former four in vitro characters, and medium with 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin (0.5 mg/L, each) was used for plantlet regeneration. IEs of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm in size were isolated from four inbred lines viz., NM74C, NM81A, NM5883 and NM5884. Two-way ANOVA revealed that explant size and genotypes, as well as hormonal concentrations showed significant effects on in vitro characters. Two millimeter IEs were found to be suitable for in vitro cultures. LS medium with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and LS with BAP and Kn (0.5 mg/L, each) were found to be the best hormonal concentrations for callus induction, maintenance, and regeneration, respectively. Among the four genotypes, NM81A and NM5883 yielded more non-embryogenic and Type I E. calli. In contrast, NM74C and NM5884 yielded more highly regenerative Type II calli. Inbred line NM5884 was found to be the best among these four genotypes.

Distinctive response of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes in vitro with the acceleration of phytohormones

Sridevi Muppala,Pavan Kumar Gudlavalleti,Sreenu Pagidoju,Kodandarami Reddy Malireddy,Sateesh Kumar Puligandla,Premalatha Dasari (사)한국식물생명공학회 2020 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.47 No.1

In maize, immature embryos (IEs) are highly regenerative explants most suitable for producing high frequencies of plantlet regeneration in vitro. Apart from media, explants, and hormones, genotypic variation also influences in vitro characters to a great extent. In the present study, IEs were used to study the distinctive effect of variation of size/stage and hormones in different genotypes on five in vitro characters viz., frequency of callus induction, growth rate of total callus, frequency of E. callus induction, and volume and number of regenerated plantlets. LS medium with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0 and 5.0 mg/L) were used to study the former four in vitro characters, and medium with 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin (0.5 mg/L, each) was used for plantlet regeneration. IEs of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm in size were isolated from four inbred lines viz., NM74C, NM81A, NM5883 and NM5884. Two-way ANOVA revealed that explant size and genotypes, as well as hormonal concentrations showed significant effects on in vitro characters. Two millimeter IEs were found to be suitable for in vitro cultures. LS medium with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and LS with BAP and Kn (0.5 mg/L, each) were found to be the best hormonal concentrations for callus induction, maintenance, and regeneration, respectively. Among the four genotypes, NM81A and NM5883 yielded more non-embryogenic and Type I E. calli. In contrast, NM74C and NM5884 yielded more highly regenerative Type II calli. Inbred line NM5884 was found to be the best among these four genotypes.

Analytical Models to Predict Power Harvesting with Piezoelectric Transducer

Raghava Raju Muppala,K. Padma Raju,Nam Mee Moon,Baek Ho Jung 한국전자파학회JEES 2008 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.8 No.1

Advances in low power design open the possibility to harvest energy from the environment to power electronic circuits. Electrical energy can be harvested from piezoelectric transducer. Piezoelectric materials can be used as mechanisms to transfer mechanical energy usually vibrating system into electrical energy that can be stored and used to power other devices. Micro- to milli-watts power can be generated from vibrating system. We developed definitive and analytical models to predict the power generated from a cantilever beam attached with piezoelectric transducer. Analytical models are pin-force method, enhanced pin-force method and Euler-Bernoulli method. Harmonic oscillations and random noise will be the two different forcing functions used to drive each system. It has been selected the best model for generating electric power based upon the analytical results obtained.

In vitro Plant Regeneration of Non-toxic Jatropha curcas L.: Direct Shoot Organogenesis from Cotyledonary Petiole Explants

Kumar, Nitish,Anand, K.G. Vijay,Reddy, Muppala P. 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.3

Jatropha curcas, the energy plant has attained great attention in recent years because of its biodiesel production potential; however, oil and deoiled cakes are toxic. A non-toxic variety of J. curcas is reported from Mexico. A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for plant regeneration using cotyledonary petiole explants of non-toxic variety of J. curcas. The percentage of induction of shoot buds (59.11%), and the number of shoot buds (5.01) per explant was achieved on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with $2.27\;{\mu}M$ thidiazuron (TDZ). These induced shoot buds multiplied when subcultured on MS medium supplemented with $10\;{\mu}M$ kinetin (Kn), $4.5\;{\mu}M$ 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), and $5.5\;{\mu}M$ $\alpha$-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 4 weeks and subsequent elongation achieved on MS medium supplemented with $2.25\;{\mu}M$ BAP and $8.5\;{\mu}M$ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Shoots more than 2 cm long were harvested and cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations and combinations of IBA, IAA, NAA, and $0.25\;mg\;L^{-1}$ activated charcoal, and 19.91% rooting was achieved in $15\;{\mu}M$ IBA, $5.7\;{\mu}M$ IAA, and $16.5\;{\mu}M$ NAA after 4 weeks with more than 90% survival rate.

In vitro Plant Regeneration of Non-toxic Jatropha curcas L.: Direct Shoot Organogenesis from Cotyledonary Petiole Explants

Nitish Kumar,KG Vijay Anand,Muppala P Reddy 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.3

Jatropha curcas, the energy plant has attained great attention in recent years because of its biodiesel production potential; however,oil and deoiled cakes are toxic. A non-toxic variety of J. curcas is reported from Mexico. A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for plant regeneration using cotyledonary petiole explants of non-toxic variety of J. curcas. The percentage of induction of shoot buds (59.11%), and the number of shoot buds (5.01) per explant was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 2.27 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). These induced shoot buds multiplied when subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 10 μM kinetin (Kn), 4.5 μM 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), and 5.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 4 weeks and subsequent elongation achieved on MS medium supplemented with 2.25 μM BAP and 8.5 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Shoots more than 2 cm long were harvested and cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations and combinations of IBA, IAA,NAA, and 0.25 mg L-1 activated charcoal, and 19.91% rooting was achieved in 15 μM IBA, 5.7 μM IAA, and 16.5 μM NAA after 4weeks with more than 90% survival rate.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation: Mechanism and Factors

Nitish Kumar,K.G. Vijayanand,Muppala P. Reddy,Amritpal S. Singh,Subhash Naraynan 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2009 Journal of Forest Science Vol.25 No.3

Agrobacterium–mediated genetic transformation has been widely used for the production of genetically modified transgenic plants to obtain specific desired traits. Most of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the transformation steps have been well elucidated over the years. However, a few steps, such as nuclear targeting, T-DNA integration, and Agrobacterium-plant proteins involved remain largely obscure and are still under extensive studies. This review describes the major steps involved in the molecular mechanism of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and provides insight in the recent developments in studies on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system. Some factors affecting the transformation efficiency are also briefly discussed.

Comparative Response of Callus and Seedling of Jatropha curcas L. to Salinity Stress

Kumar, Nitish,Kaur, Meenakshi,Pamidimarri, D.V.N. Sudheer,Boricha, Girish,Reddy, Muppala P. Institute of Forest Science 2008 Journal of Forest Science Vol.24 No.2

Jatropha curcas L. is an oil bearing species with many uses and considerable economic potential as a biofuel crop. Salt stress effect on growth, ion accumulation, contents of protein, proline and antioxidant enzymes activity was determined in callus and seedling to understand the salt tolerance of the species. Exposure of callus and seedling to salt stress reduced growth in a concentration dependent manner. Under salt stress Na content increased significantly in both callus and seedling whereas, differential accumulation in the contents of K, Ca, and Mg was observed in callus and seedling. Soluble protein content differed significantly in callus as compared to seedling, however proline accumulation remained more or less constant with treatments. The proline concentration was ~2 to 3 times more in callus than in seedling. Salt stress induced qualitative and quantitative differences in superoxide dismutase (SOD; E.C. 1.15.1.1) and peroxidase (POX; E.C. 1.11.1.7) in callus and seedling. Salt induced changes of the recorded parameters were discussed in relation to salinity tolerance.

Comparative Response of Callus and Seedling of Jatropha curcas L. to Salinity Stress

Nitish Kumar,Meenakshi Kaur,D.V.N. Sudheer Pamidimarri,Girish Boricha,Muppala P. Reddy 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2008 Journal of Forest Science Vol.24 No.2

Jatropha curcas L. is an oil bearing species with many uses and considerable economic potential as a biofuel crop. Salt stress effect on growth, ion accumulation, contents of protein, proline and antioxidant enzymes activity was determined in callus and seedling to understand the salt tolerance of the species. Exposure of callus and seedling to salt stress reduced growth in a concentration dependent manner. Under salt stress Na content increased significantly in both callus and seedling whereas, differential accumulation in the contents of K, Ca, and Mg was observed in callus and seedling. Soluble protein content differed significantly in callus as compared to seedling, however proline accumulation remained more or less constant with treatments. The proline concentration was ~2 to 3 times more in callus than in seedling. Salt stress induced qualitative and quantitative differences in superoxide dismutase (SOD; E.C. 1.15.1.1) and peroxidase (POX; E.C. 1.11.1.7) in callus and seedling. Salt induced changes of the recorded parameters were discussed in relation to salinity tolerance.